Branching neurons in the cervical spinal cord: a retrograde fluorescent double-labeling study in the rat

Summary Branching neurons giving rise to ascending and descending collaterals were studied in the cervical spinal cord of the rat. After unilateral injection of two retrograde fluorescent tracers, i.e. DY.2HCl at T2 or more caudal levels and TB at C1 or more rostral levels, many DY-TB double-labeled neurons were found in C3 to C8. These neurons were located bilaterally throughout the spinal grey matter, as well as in the lateral spinal nucleus (LSN). However, no double-labeled neurons could be detected in the laminae I and II on either side. The double-labeled neurons must represent branching neurons giving rise to a collateral ascending to the rostral injection-site or above, and another collateral descending to the caudal injection-site or below. The descending collaterals were found to extend to various spinal levels, including the lumbosacral cord. However, most of them terminated at shorter distances from their parent cell bodies; thus 20% of the C3–C8 neurons projecting to C1 or above had a descending collateral reaching T2, 8% had a collateral reaching T9, and 3% a collateral reaching L2/L3. The ascending collaterals of the majority of the branching neurons passed into the most caudal part of the medulla oblongata, and about half of these collaterals reached the level of the rostral part of the inferior olive. In regard to the neurons located in the segments C5–C8, about 13% of those projecting to T2 or below distribute an ascending collateral restricted to C2–C4, while 29% of those had an ascending collateral to C1 or above.     

Exome sequencing reveals a novel COL2A1 mutation implicated in multiple epiphyseal dysplasia

Mutations in the COMP, COL9A1, COL9A2, COL9A3, MATN3, and SLC26A2 genes cause approximately 70% of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) cases. The genetic changes involved in the etiology of the remaining cases are still unknown, suggesting that other genes contribute to MED development. Our goal was to identify a mutation causing an autosomal dominant form of MED in a large multigenerational family. Initially, we excluded all genes known to be associated with autosomal dominant MED by using microsatellite and SNP markers. Follow‐up with whole‐exome sequencing analysis revealed a mutation c.2032G>A (p.Gly678Arg) in the COL2A1 gene (NCBI Reference Sequence: NM_001844.4), which co‐segregated with the disease phenotype in this family, manifested by severe hip dysplasia and osteoarthritis. One of the affected family members had a double‐layered patella, which is frequently seen in patients with autosomal recessive MED caused by DTDST mutations and sporadically in the dominant form of MED caused by COL9A2 defect.     

吗氯贝胺与米帕明治疗抑郁症多中心双盲对照试验

目的 :以经典抗抑郁药物米帕明为阳性对照药采用随机双盲双模拟方法对吗氯贝胺和米帕明治疗抑郁症的疗效和安全性进行研究。方法 :共纳入病人 2 0 0例 ,分别口服吗氯贝胺 3 0 0 -60 0mg d或米帕明75 -2 5 0mg d。结果 :两组病人Hamilton抑郁量表 (HAMD)以及Hamilton焦虑量表 (HAMA)总分在治疗结束时均显著下降 (P <0 0 0 1)。两组之间疗效无显著差异 (p >0 0 5 )。治疗结束时HAMD减分率分别为吗氯贝胺组 0 74± 0 2 4,米帕明组 0 74± 0 2 4(P >0 0 5 ) ;有效率吗氯贝胺组 79 4% ,米帕明组 85 4% (P >0 0 5 )。吗氯贝胺组有 10种不良反应发生频率显著低于米帕明组 ,主要是抗胆碱能、中枢神经系统及心血管系统不良反应。吗氯贝胺的疗效指数也显著高于米帕明组。结论 :吗氯贝胺是一种安全有效的抗抑郁药物     

“双一流”高校工科学报校内发文量与学术影响力统计分析

【目的】 研究“双一流”高校工科学报校内发文量与学术影响力间的关系,探讨学报发挥自身优势,提升期刊学术质量,继续推动高校和学科建设的策略。【方法】 依据中国知网期刊数据库及《中国科技期刊引证报告(核心版)》统计24种“双一流”高校工科学报2012年、2014年、2016年和2018年的校内发文量、影响因子、被引频次、基金论文比、综合排名,辅以EI收录期刊、“中国科技期刊卓越行动计划”入选期刊的情况。【结果】 有18种高校学报的校内发文比例较高,具有较强的内向性;大部分学报的校内发文比例呈下降或波动稳定趋势,开放办刊的同时也流失了部分校内优质稿件;基金论文比普遍较高;23种学报的影响因子在0.5上下波动,特色优势不明显。由此可见,校内发文比例不直接决定学报的学术影响力,更为重要的是要积极拓展稿源,提升论文质量。【结论】 “双一流”高校工科学报需要依托高校优势学科,设定特色栏目吸引特色论文;挖掘本校学者资源,提升校内发文质量;坚持科学评价导向,让高校涌现的高水平成果落地生根,推进大学各学科发展,共创一流。     

基于水-醇双提方式下中药复方粉末影响颗粒流动性的关键物性参数辨识研究

目的 探究水-醇双提工艺下中药复方粉末影响颗粒流动性的关键物性参数。方法 以水-醇双提工艺下杏贝止咳颗粒(Xingbei Zhike Keli,XZK)、桂枝茯苓胶囊(Guizhi Fuling Jiaonang,GFJ)以及参乌益肾片(Shenwu Yishen Pian,SYP)3个中药复方品种的制粒前粉末与制粒后颗粒为研究对象,采用多元统计分析方法,绘制粉末物理指纹图谱,结合Pearson相关系数评价粉末质量一致性;采用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)结合因子分析评价颗粒流动性;并构建以松装密度(D_a)、振实密度(D_c)、休止角(α)、豪斯纳比(IH)、粒径<50μm百分比(Pf)、均匀性(HG)、均齐度(UN)、粒径(D₁₀、D₅₀、D₆₀、D₉₀)、分布宽度(span)、分布范围(width)、比表面积(SSA)、孔隙率(I_e)、卡尔指数(IC)、含水量(HR)、吸湿率(H...     

Single-stage medial plateau elevation and metaphyseal osteotomies in advanced-stage Blount’s disease: a new technique

PurposeSurgical treatment in advanced-stage infantile Blount’s disease with medial plateau (MP) depression is challenging. Several osteotomies and fixation methods have been described with no established benchmark. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new single-stage technique for acute medial condyle elevation and metaphyseal osteotomies with internal fixation.MethodsA prospective case series of 19 consecutive patients (21 knees) with severe infantile Blount’s disease underwent a single-stage MP elevation and metaphyseal osteotomies, with internal fixation. The mean age was 10.3 years (8.2 to 13.6) and the mean follow-up was 5.1 years (3.2 to 8.3). The outcome measures included clinical and radiological parameters and patient-reported pediatric outcomes data collection instrument (PODCI) score.ResultsThe mean PODCI score improved significantly from 50% to 88%. The mean internal tibial torsion improved from -27° to 11°. All cases maintained full knee extension, no limitation in flexion range of movement and no signs of instability or lateral thrust gait. All the radiographic parameters improved significantly; the mean tibiofemoral angle improved from -29° to 7°, the metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle improved from 33.4° to 4.7° and the angle of depressed MP improved from 38.3° to 2.4° (p < 0.001). At the latest follow-up, no cases of deformity recurrence were identified, the final limb-length discrepancy was < 1 cm in all patients.ConclusionSingle-stage MP elevation and metaphyseal osteotomies with internal fixation significantly improved the clinical and radiographic parameters and PODCI score in advanced infantile Blount’s disease and precluded the use of external immobilization, with no evidence of deformity recurrence.Level of evidenceIV     

Natural Convection Heat Transfer in a Porous Cavity with Sinusoidal Temperature Distribution Using Cu/Water Nanofluid: Double MRT Lattice Boltzmann Method

In this study, natural convection flow in a porous cavity with sinusoidal temperature distribution has been analyzed by a new double multi relaxation time (MRT) Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). We consider a copper/water nanofluid filling a porous cavity. For simulating the temperature and flow fields, D2Q5 and D2Q9 lattices are utilized respectively, and the effects of different Darcy numbers (Da) (0.001-0.1) and various Rayleigh numbers (Ra) ($10^3$-$10^5$) for porosity ($ε$) between 0.4 and 0.9 have been considered. Phase deviation ($θ$) changed from 0 to $π$ and the volume fraction of nanoparticles (Ø) varied from 0 to 6%. The present results show a good agreement with the previous works, thus confirming the reliability the new numerical method proposed in this paper. It is indicated that the heat transfer rate increases at increasing Darcy number, porosity, Rayleigh number, the volume fraction of nanoparticles and phase deviation. However, the most sensitive parameter is the Rayleigh number. The maximum Nusselt deviation is 10%, 32% and 33% for Ra=$10^3$, $10^4$ and $10^5$, respectively, with $ε = 0.4$ to $ε = 0.9$. It can be concluded that the effect of Darcy number on the heat transfer rate increases at increasing Rayleigh number, yielding a maximum enhancement of the average Nusselt number around 12% and 61% for Ra=$10^3$ and Ra=$10^5$, respectively.     

基于coif5小波的多普勒胎心音信号提取算法的研究

胎心率监护是围产期胎儿监护的关键技术指标，超声多普勒测量胎心率是最常用的无创方法。由于胎心多普勒信号具有信噪比低、非平稳的随机性特点，提出基于coif5小波，结合双重阈值方法的胎心音信号提取算法。实验表明，该算法有效地解决了由于胎心率加倍、减半所引起的胎心率曲线翻转问题，提高了多普勒胎心音信号提取的准确性。