加味赤石脂禹余粮汤联合热敏灸治疗肝硬化腹水并顽固性腹泻疗效观察

【目的】观察加味赤石脂禹余粮汤联合热敏灸对肝硬化腹水并顽固性腹泻的临床疗效。【方法】选择肝硬化腹水并顽固性腹泻患者60例,随机分为治疗组与对照组各30例,对照组采用西医常规疗法加中药加味赤石脂禹余粮汤治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加用热敏灸疗法,观察2组患者腹泻、腹水及肝功能指标[总胆红素(TBIL)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PA)]改善情况。【结果】(1)腹泻疗效:治疗组总有效率为100.00%,优于对照组的86.67%(P<0.05)。(2)腹水疗效:经彩超检查,治疗后2组的肝硬化腹水均有显著改善(P<0.05),且治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。(3)肝功能作用:治疗后,2组TBIL、ALT、AST、ALB、PA指标均显著改善(P<0.05),且治疗组的改善作用均优于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)不良反应及随访情况:治疗过程中,治疗组与对照组均未发生明显不良反应。3个月后随访,对照组腹泻治愈患者中复发5例,治疗组无复发病例。【结论】加味赤石脂禹余粮汤联合热敏灸对肝硬化腹水并顽固性腹泻患者疗效显著,具有止泻迅速、应用方便、安全可靠等优点,并且有加速腹水消退、促进肝功能恢复的作用。     

针灸治疗干眼症

目的 总结近5年针灸治疗干眼症的临床研究进展,并提出存在问题与研究展望.方法 检索2008年1月-2013年6月发表的针灸治疗干眼症的临床研究文献,从临床疗效、临床操作、诊疗标准及作用机制角度进行探讨.结果 针灸治疗干眼症以眼周局部取穴为主,常用穴位有睛明、攒竹、太阳等,配穴以局部和远端取穴相结合为主,但诊疗标准缺乏统一,机制研究较少,有待进一步完善.结论 针灸通过刺激神经兴奋,促进泪腺、睑板腺主动分泌泪液,双向调节性激素水平等环节起到缓解眼部症状的功效.     

神门、三阴交穴位配伍改善失眠症患者焦虑、抑郁状态：随机对照研究

目的:观察电针神门、三阴交对失眠症患者焦虑、抑郁状态的影响,并探索其配伍效应的作用机制。方法:将90例失眠症患者随机分为配伍组、神门组和三阴交组,每组30例,并进一步筛选出37例焦虑状态患者(配伍组12例、神门组13例、三阴交组12例)和42例抑郁状态患者(配伍组14例、神门组14例、三阴交组14例)。配伍组、神门组、三阴交组分别予电针神门-三阴交、神门单穴及三阴交单穴,疏密波,频率5 Hz/25 Hz,治疗每次30 min,每天1次,连续治疗5 d为一疗程,共治疗2个疗程。分别于治疗前后评定各组患者失眠严重程度指数(ISI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,检测血清多巴胺(DA)和去甲肾上腺素(NE)含量。结果:与治疗前比较,治疗后3组患者ISI、SAS、SDS评分均降低(P<0.05),配伍组ISI评分低于神门组(P<0.05)。治疗后,3组失眠症焦虑状态患者ISI、SAS评分及血清DA含量均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),配伍组、神门组患者血清NE较治疗前下降(P<0.05);配伍组、神门组患者SAS评分、血清NE含量及配伍组ISI评分低...     

Microwaveable Toluidine Blue Stain for Surface Staining of Undecalcified Bone Sections

Abstract

Toluidine blue stain has been widely used for staining undecalcified bone sections, but previous techniques required removal of embedding plastic or surface etching with both alcohol and acid solutions. In this study, solutions of toluidine blue at different pHs were used to stain unetched and acidetched sections. A group of the test staining solutions were heated in an effort to enhance section staining. Acid-etching prior to staining was found to be necessary to achieve bone matrix staining, but methanol etching could be eliminated if staining solutions were heated to 55–60°C. Sections stained with the heated solutions buffered to pH 7.0 or 8.0 had optimum morphology. (The J Histotechnol 17:357, 1994)     

Abstract Digest—The Cutting Edge

Abstract

This paper describes a rapid protocol for iliac crest biopsies with embedding in LR White plastic to facilitate diagnosis of osteomalacia. Sections were cut and stained for light and electron microscopy using traditional staining methods with minor modifications. Total processing time was within three days. (The J Histotechnol 13:125, 1990)     

Deep Artificial Neural Networks Reveal a Distributed Cortical Network Encoding Propositional Sentence-Level Meaning

Understanding how and where in the brain sentence-level meaning is constructed from words presents a major scientific challenge. Recent advances have begun to explain brain activation elicited by sentences using vector models of word meaning derived from patterns of word co-occurrence in text corpora. These studies have helped map out semantic representation across a distributed brain network spanning temporal, parietal, and frontal cortex. However, it remains unclear whether activation patterns within regions reflect unified representations of sentence-level meaning, as opposed to superpositions of context-independent component words. This is because models have typically represented sentences as “bags-of-words” that neglect sentence-level structure. To address this issue, we interrogated fMRI activation elicited as 240 sentences were read by 14 participants (9 female, 5 male), using sentences encoded by a recurrent deep artificial neural-network trained on a sentence inference task (InferSent). Recurrent connections and nonlinear filters enable InferSent to transform sequences of word vectors into unified “propositional” sentence representations suitable for evaluating intersentence entailment relations. Using voxelwise encoding modeling, we demonstrate that InferSent predicts elements of fMRI activation that cannot be predicted by bag-of-words models and sentence models using grammatical rules to assemble word vectors. This effect occurs throughout a distributed network, which suggests that propositional sentence-level meaning is represented within and across multiple cortical regions rather than at any single site. In follow-up analyses, we place results in the context of other deep network approaches (ELMo and BERT) and estimate the degree of unpredicted neural signal using an “experiential” semantic model and cross-participant encoding.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A modern-day scientific challenge is to understand how the human brain transforms word sequences into representations of sentence meaning. A recent approach, emerging from advances in functional neuroimaging, big data, and machine learning, is to computationally model meaning, and use models to predict brain activity. Such models have helped map a cortical semantic information-processing network. However, how unified sentence-level information, as opposed to word-level units, is represented throughout this network remains unclear. This is because models have typically represented sentences as unordered “bags-of-words.” Using a deep artificial neural network that recurrently and nonlinearly combines word representations into unified propositional sentence representations, we provide evidence that sentence-level information is encoded throughout a cortical network, rather than in a single region.     

穴位按摩结合“U”形枕干预在老年视网膜脱离术后病人中的应用

目的:探讨穴位按摩结合“U”形枕干预在老年视网膜脱离术后病人中的应用效果。方法:按随机数字表法将2017年9月—2019年9月收治的118例老年视网膜脱离术后病人分为观察组和对照组各59例,对照组行常规干预,观察组行穴位按摩结合“U”形枕干预。采用Kolcaba舒适状况量表对两组病人干预前、干预3 d、7 d、14 d的体位舒适度进行评价,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)对两组干预前、干预14 d后睡眠质量进行评价。结果:观察组病人干预3 d、7 d、14 d体位舒适度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组病人干预14 d后睡眠质量、睡眠时间、睡眠紊乱、睡眠效率、入睡时间、催眠药物、日间功能障碍、总分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对老年视网膜脱离术后病人实施穴位按摩结合“U”形枕干预可有效提升病人的舒适度,改善病人睡眠质量。     

经皮穴位电刺激不同时间对雷公藤甲素致大鼠急性肝损伤的影响

目的 观察经皮穴位电刺激（transcutanclus electrical acupoint stimulation,TEAS）不同刺激时间对雷公藤甲素致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法 将50只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、TEAS Ⅰ组（刺激20 min）,TEAS Ⅱ组（刺激30 min）、TEAS Ⅲ组（刺激40 min）,以雷公藤甲素灌胃法复制急性肝损伤模型。TEAS各组刺激“足三里”穴,每日1次,连续5 d。观察肝脏组织形态学变化,检测血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）及肝组织丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）、肿瘤坏死因子- α（tumor necrosis factor- α,TNF- α）、白介素- 10（interleukin- 10,IL- 10）、硫化氢的含量。结果 模型组大鼠肝索排列紊乱,肝窦扩张,肝细胞水肿、脂肪变性、坏死;各TEAS组肝脏病理变化较模型组减轻。与空白组比较,模型组大鼠血清ALT、AST及肝组织MDA、TNF- α含量明显升高（P＜0.05）,硫化氢含量明显降低（P＜0.05）,肝组织IL- 10含量无明显变化（P＞0.05）。与模型组比较,TEAS Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组大鼠血清AST、ALT含量和肝组织MDA、TNF- α含量明显降低（P<0.05）或呈降低趋势（P>0.05）,硫化氢含量明显升高（P<0.05）。其中TEAS Ⅲ组与TEAS Ⅰ、Ⅱ组各指标比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 TEAS能减轻雷公藤甲素对肝组织的损伤,且较长时间（40 min）刺激的保护作用更为明显。