风池穴不同刺法对椎动脉型颈椎病的临床疗效评价

目的:探究风池穴不同刺法对椎动脉型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法:选择2018年4月—2019年1月北京中医药大学东直门医院针灸科门诊就诊的84例椎动脉型颈椎病患者作为研究对象,分为观察组43例、对照组41例。观察组采用短刺法针刺风池穴治疗,对照组采用平补平泻法针刺风池穴治疗,1个疗程后比较两组患者的ESCV、颈椎病症状分级量化表评分以及TCD相关指标,TCD指标观察基底动脉和双侧椎动脉的平均血流速度(Vm)、收缩期血流速度峰值(Vs)、血管搏动指数(PI)和血管阻力指数(RI)的变化。结果:治疗前后两组ESCV、颈椎病症状分级量化表评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且椎动脉、基底动脉的Vs、Vm较治疗前明显减慢,且观察组治疗效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:针刺风池穴治疗椎动脉型颈椎病临床效果显著,且短刺法优于平补平泻法。     

蒙医温针治疗赫依偏盛型失眠症的随机对照试验

目的评价蒙医温针治疗赫依偏盛型失眠症的近期疗效及安全性。方法将80例赫依偏盛型失眠症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各40例。治疗组给予蒙医温针治疗,对照组采用Streitberger针进行安慰剂针刺。观察2组治疗前后失眠严重程度指数(ISI)量表评分及睡眠脑电图的变化情况。结果治疗组治疗前后ISI评分有显著性差异(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后睡眠总时间延长、睡眠潜伏期缩短、睡眠效率相应提高,且睡眠结构有所变化,即N1期睡眠比例减少,REM睡眠比例增多(均P<0.05)。组间比较,除N2期睡眠及N3+N4期睡眠时间无差异,其余睡眠参数差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论蒙医温针可改善赫依偏盛型失眠患者的睡眠质量,调节失眠症患者睡眠结构及睡眠进程,且安全性高。     

三伏贴联合伏针闪罐治疗支气管哮喘的临床观察

目的采用三伏贴联合伏针闪罐治疗支气管哮喘,观察该治疗方法对支气管哮喘患者的临床疗效。方法选择秦皇岛市中医医院针灸科2016年9月至2019年9月三伏期间收治的符合诊断及纳入标准的120例支气管哮喘患者,按照随机数字表法随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组60例,治疗组采用三伏贴联合伏针闪罐疗法,对照组单用三伏贴疗法。三伏期间初伏、中伏和末伏各贴敷1次,共贴敷9次,3年为1个疗程。1个疗程后,采用χ^2检验比较2组总有效率。结果治疗组治愈27例,好转31例,无效2例,治愈率45. 0%(27/60),总有效率96. 6%(58/60);对照组治愈14例,好转37例,无效9例,治愈率23. 3%(14/60),总有效率85. 5%(51/60)。治疗组治愈率和总有效率均高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6. 261、4. 904,P均<0. 05)。结论三伏贴联合伏针闪罐治疗支气管哮喘疗效优于单纯三伏贴治疗,充分发挥中医特色优势,值得在临床上推广应用。     

Standard Needle Magnetization for Ultrasound Needle Guidance: First Clinical Experiences in Fine‐Needle Aspiration Cytology of Thyroid Nodules

Fine‐needle aspiration cytology using a novel ultrasound needle guidance system on the basis of standard needle magnetization was consecutively performed in 30 (15 in‐plane and 15 out‐of‐plane) suspicious thyroid nodules. Nondedicated, commercially available needles were used. The technical effectiveness and safety of the system were satisfying; system failures were observed in 2 cases. The needle tip could be (at least occasionally) visualized inside the thyroid nodule in 96%, and the subjective procedure ratings were excellent in 57%. The out‐of‐plane technique was significantly superior in both respects (P = .021 and .027, respectively). Standard needle magnetization ultrasound needle guidance was easy to apply and cost‐effective and has the potential to improve fine‐needle aspiration cytology performance.     

钨针电刀在耳内镜鼓膜修补手术中的应用

目的探讨钨针电刀在耳内镜鼓膜修补手术中的应用。方法选取2018年8月-2019年8月住院行耳内镜鼓膜修补的患者85例。其中采用外耳道皮瓣刀行外耳道内切口的40例为对照组,采用钨针电刀行外耳道内切口的45例为观察组,对比分析两组患者手术中和手术后效果。结果观察组比较对照组切口时间短、切口出血量少、术中镜头擦拭次数少、术中止血海绵粒使用量小,两组差别具有统计学意义(t=-13.6、-9.0、-7.6、-12.8、P<0.05);两组患者在术后愈合时间,外耳道狭窄程度方面差别不大,无统计学意义。观察组缺点是电刀使用过程中会产生烟雾,需要助手辅助吸引烟雾。结论钨针电刀小巧灵活,精细准确,具有减少切口出血,缩短手术时间的优点,适合在耳内镜外耳道手术中推广应用。     

LONG‐TERM FOLLOW UP OF PATIENTS WITH SMALL GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS IN THE STOMACH USING ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY‐GUIDED FINE‐NEEDLE ASPIRATION BIOPSY

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. GIST are defined by positive immunohistochemical staining for KIT or CD34 and thus are generally diagnosed after surgery. Because small GIST are rarely diagnosed before surgery, the clinical course of these small tumors is not clear. The aim of the present study was to follow changes in size and configuration of small GIST that were pathologically confirmed using endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (EUS‐FNAB). Methods: Between July 1997 and December 2003, 16 tumors in 16 patients (10 men and 6 women) with an immunohistochemical diagnosis of GIST were regularly followed in our hospital. The median patient age when EUS‐FNAB was performed was 62 years (range 26–82 years) and the median follow‐up period was 4.9 years (range 0.5–9.6 years). Results: Fourteen tumors showed no remarkable changes in size and shape during follow up compared with the initial diagnosis. Two tumors enlarged: one tumor approximately doubled its diameter in 8 years and the other tumor increased from 1.8 cm at diagnosis to up to 10 cm after only 2 years. Doubling time of the latter tumor was calculated as 3.1 months. Conclusions: We conclude that EUS‐FNAB might be a good modality for final diagnosis of GIST without surgery, and that GIST without rapid growth on follow up can be endoscopically followed.     

B超引导下经皮肺穿刺针吸活检对周围型肺肿块的诊断价值

目的探讨Ｂ超引导下经皮肺穿刺针吸活检对周围型肺肿块的诊断价值。方法对３１例患者施行Ｂ超引导肺穿刺针吸活检５６次，进行细胞学和细菌学检查。结果穿刺取材成功率为９３．６％，所获细胞学资料与手术病理诊断或临床治疗随访对照，定性诊断符合率为８９．７％。结论该诊断方法简便实用，并发症轻微，适于临床推广应用。     

银质针灸治疗下腰部软组织疼痛

Chronicsofttissuelesionisaspeciallymedicalterm，andanimportantpathologicalchangesofdiseases，suchaschronicoveruseinjuriesandconversionofacuteinjuriesinlowbackorfrominter－vertebraldiscprotrusion，anddislocationofintervertebraljointsaswell，whichmainlycauseseverepaininlowback犤１犦．Manypresentmethods（oralmedicine，massage，anestheticblock，physicalthera－piesetc．）havebeenusedforrelievingthepain，whichdemandsagreatfiscalsupportannually．Unfortunately，thereportsonthemechanismsandeffectofthem…     

细针抽吸活检术诊断脾结核

脾结核发病较少见，临床症状表现也不典型，常易误诊为其他病变如淋巴瘤、脓肿等，影像表现未见特异征象，极易误诊。现将我院收治的3例脾结核临床特点、影像表现进行介绍。特别是在B超或CT引导下的细针抽吸活检术应用，旨在提高对本病认识、及时正确诊断，避免误诊。     

Needle electromyography

Physiologic assessment of diseases of the motor unit from the anterior horn cells to the muscles relies on a combination of needle electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS). Both require a unique combination of knowledge of peripheral nervous system anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, diseases, techniques, and electricity is necessary. Successful, high‐quality, reproducible EMG depends on the skills of a clinician in patient interaction during the physical insertion and movement of the needle while recording the electrical signals. These must be combined with the skill of analyzing electric signals recorded from muscle by auditory pattern recognition and semiquantitation. 10 , 52 This monograph reviews the techniques of needle EMG and waveform analysis and describes the types of EMG waveforms recorded during needle EMG. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 39: 244–270, 2009