安妥明对高胆固醇血症大鼠血脂、LCAT及过氧化酯质的影响

本实验探讨安妥明对实验性高胆固醇血症大鼠脂质代谢紊乱的影响。实验结果表明安妥明除具有已知的降低血清T—C、LDL—C和VLDL—C作用外,还可明显升高高胆固醇血症大鼠的血清HDL—C水平和LCAT活性,同时能明显降低血清及肝脏IPO的形成。进一步观察表明,安妥明对高密度脂蛋白亚组份的作用是使HDL_2-C升高,而对HDL_3-C无明显影响。     

病毒性肝炎病人血浆VitE水平及其临床意义

观测了急性肝炎和重症肝炎病人血浆ＶｉｔＥ及Ｌｐｏ水平及其动态变化。急性肝炎和重症肝炎病人血浆ＶｉｔＥ低于对照组，Ｌｐｏ高于对照组，均以重症肝炎更明显，且死亡病例血浆ＶｉｔＥ低于存活者。部份病人口服ＶｉｔＥ不能提高其血浆水平，并随病情加重而逐渐降低。讨论了病毒性肝炎病人血浆ＶｉｔＥ降低与Ｌｐｏ升高的关系及其临床意义，认为动态观测血浆ＶｉｔＥ可作为判断重症肝炎病情进展及预后的参考。     

A critical assessment of allergen component-based in vitro diagnosis in cherry allergy across Europe

BACKGROUND: Food allergy to cherry occurs throughout Europe, typically with restricted oral reactions in the central and northern parts but with frequent systemic reactions in the Mediterranean region. Previous studies have demonstrated insufficient sensitivity of commercially available cherry extract reagents in the diagnosis of cherry allergy. OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic performance of specific IgE tests based on recombinant cherry allergens in comparison with an extract-based assay and to skin prick test (SPT). A secondary objective was to analyse the frequency of systemic reactions in cherry-allergic subjects across Europe, including the largest population of LTP-sensitized subjects from central Europe studied to date. METHODS: A total of 186 subjects from central Europe and Spain were studied. Serum IgE was analysed with ImmunoCAP tests carrying rPru av 1, 3 and 4, combined and separately, and cherry extract. RESULTS: Among the central European cherry allergics, the mix of rPru av 1, 3 and 4 had a sensitivity of 95%, compared with 65% for cherry extract, and the IgE binding capacity of the recombinant mix was considerably higher. The sensitivity of the two tests was more comparable in the Spanish population, 95% and 86%, respectively. The recombinant allergen ImmunoCAP equalled SPT in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Consistent with previous reports, major geographic differences in sensitization pattern and prevalence of systemic reactions were found. A significantly higher rate of systemic reactions was found in Spanish patients sensitized to Pru av 3 whereas German patients sensitized to LTP only had oral allergy syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: The recombinant cherry allergen ImmunoCAP is a highly sensitive diagnostic tool, clearly superior to any diagnostic method based on cherry extract. Three cherry allergens are sufficient for detecting sensitization in 95% of cherry-allergic subjects. Systemic reactions are common in LTP-sensitized individuals but seem to require at least one additional causative factor.     

胆固醇性肺炎的影像学表现

目的 探讨胆固醇性肺炎的影像学表现。方法 回顾性分析3例经病理证实的胆固醇陛肺炎的胸部X线片及CT表现，并复习相关文献。结果 3例胆固醇性肺炎X线片及CT均表现为肿块样病灶，其中2例伴有空洞和液平面，1例CT增强出现多环状强化。临床病程非常长，抗炎效果差；光学显微镜下可见大量富含胆固醇结晶的泡沫细胞。结论 胆固醇性肺炎是1种罕见的慢性特发性疾病，影像学表现对其诊断有定的价值。     

高脂血清对人内皮细胞前列环素、脂质过氧化物的影响及维生素E的保护作用

实验比较了高脂兔血清（ＨＲＳ）和正常兔血清（ＮＲＳ）对培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞（ＥＣ）脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）的形成和ＥＣ利用外源性花生四烯酸（ＡＡ）合成前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）能力的影响；同时观察了抗氧化剂ＶｉｔＥ对ＥＣ的保护作用。结果表明，ＨＲＳ对ＥＣ合成ＰＧＩ２的影响有一时间和浓度相关的反应过程。用ＨＲＳ孵育培养呈融合状的ＥＣ，在４８ｈ前刺激ＰＧＩ２的产生，４８ｈ达最高值，然后急骤下降；而ＬＰＯ含量随着孵育时间的延长呈直线上升（ｒ＝０．９８７）。随着ＨＲＳ浓度的增加，ＬＰＯ含量逐渐升高，ＥＣ合成ＰＧＩ２能力呈下降趋势。ＶｉｔＥ可阻止ＨＲＳ引起的ＥＣ中ＬＰＯ含量的增加和ＰＧＩ２合成能力的下降。     

猕猴桃中药复方制剂对血清SOD及MDA含量的影响

猕猴桃中药复方制剂系采用猕猴桃汁为基质，配加绞股蓝、丹参等中药的有效成分制成。为了研究它的保健作用，在６３例５０岁以上、无急性疾病的中、老年人，３６例３０～４９岁健康的青年，３２例１４～１７岁健康的少年中进行试验，１０ｍｌ每日２次连续服用３０天后，中老年人血液ＳＯＤ显著增高，７０岁以上老人平均增高２．８倍，血清ＭＤＡ明显下降，７０岁以上平均下降８７．５％。     

丹参对缺血—再灌流兔肾皮质过氧化脂质含量的影响

家兔静脉注射丹参(2g/kg)后,左肾缺血60min再灌流30min,其皮质内过氧化脂质(LPO)含量比注药前自身右肾的含量下降26.68％。丹参组缺血—再灌流肾LPO含量下降的幅度也显著大于葡萄糖组、提示丹参可能具有较强的抗氧化作用,对防治肾缺血—再灌流损害具有积极意义。     

促渗剂对水合胼胝类脂热转变影响的差示扫描热分析研究

从人胼胝组织提取出类脂经水合后代替人皮肤角质层用作差示扫描热分析研究促渗剂作用的简单模型。研究了１，８－桉油精，月桂氮酮和丙二醇等促渗剂对水合胼胝类脂热转变特征的影响。三种促渗剂均不同程度地降低水合胼胝类脂的热变温度，作用强弱依次为１，８－桉油精＞月桂氮酮＞丙二醇。丙二醇与１，８－桉油精或月桂氮酮混合应用时对热转变的影响具有协同作用。结果提示促渗剂可能改变脂质分子的排列和增加其流动性。同时，水的存在对脂质分子物理结构的形成具有重要作用。     

实验性糖尿病大鼠肾脏损害和脂质过氧化物水平的动态研究

动态观察实验性糖尿病大鼠于发病后２、４、６、１２、和１６周肾脏损害指标和肾脏脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）水平的变化。结果表明，发病后各观察时间．或糖尿病大鼠２４ｈ尿Ａｌｂ、β２──ＭＧ排泄量和尿ＮＡＧ活性均明显增高，而２４ｈ尿ＴＨＰ排泄量显著降低，肾脏ＬＰＯ水平明显升高。其中尿ＮＡＧ活性、ＴＨＰ排泄量和肾脏ＬＰＯ水平均随病程延长而更趋明显。这些结果提示，在糖尿病早期除有肾小球功能损害外，肾小管也明显受损，过氧化损伤在糖尿病肾病发病中可能是重要因素之一。尿Ａｌｂ、β２──ＭＧ、ＴＨＰ含量和ＮＡＧ活性可作为糖尿病肾病早期肾损害的敏感指标。     

有机锗对大鼠实验性矽肺形成及脂质过氧化水平的影响

采用硫代巴比妥酸比色法和亚硝酸盐形成法，分别测定了实验性矽肺大鼠血清过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）及超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）同工酶活力，同时观察了β羧乙基锗倍半氧化物（Ｇｅ－１３２）对实验性大鼠矽肺形成的阻断作用及对自由基代谢的影响。结果显示矽肺大鼠血清ＬＰＯ含量显著高于对照组，而血清总ＳＯＤ和ＣｕＺｎＳＯＤ活力显著下降。提示矽肺的发生可能与机体自由基代谢的失衡有关。使用Ｇｅ－１３２可显著提高大鼠机体的抗氧化能力，降低脂质过氧化作用，并可明显干预矽肺病变的形成。