联合应用SSH和cDNA表达谱芯片筛选肝星状细胞早期活化的相关基因

目的利用抑制消减杂交(suppressionsubtractivehybridization,SSH)和cDNA表达谱芯片筛选早期活化的肝星状细胞(hepaticstellatecell,HSC)和大鼠正常肝脏组织、轻度肝纤维化组织、重度肝纤维化组织中差异表达的基因。方法从SSH构建的大鼠轻度肝纤维化、重度肝纤维化2个差异cDNA文库中挑选1000条上调显著的基因,与正常大鼠4136条基因克隆制作成一张芯片,筛选早期活化的肝星状细胞相关基因。结果获得与HSC早期活化相关的上调基因有202条,下调基因有80条,其中血清和糖皮质激素调节蛋白激酶(serumandglucocorticoidsensitivekinase,SGK)在正常大鼠基因克隆和2周及8周SSH上调差异基因中均呈上调信号。结论联合应用SSH和cDNA表达谱芯片是筛选和鉴定不同样本中差异表达基因的快速、经济和有效的方法;SGK可能作为多种细胞信号传导通路和细胞磷酸化级联反应的一个功能性交汇点,参与了肝星状细胞的早期活化和信号传导。     

Bilateral Hematogenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa Endophthalmitis After Lung Transplantation

Pseudomonas aeruginosa commonly colonizes the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the occurrence of bacteremia with metastatic infection to the eye causing endogenous endophthalmitis is very rare. In the setting of lung transplantation, the significance of P. aeruginosa bacteremia in patients with CF whose airways are colonized before transplantation is unknown. We report a case of bilateral P. aeruginosa endogenous endophthalmitis in a patient with CF after lung transplant without documented bacteremia. The patient presented with acute eye symptoms in the presence of a left atrial thrombus and the disease followed a rapidly progressive course requiring aggressive medical-surgical treatment. Typically P. aeruginosa endophthalmitis has been associated with a poor visual prognosis. However, with combined medical-surgical management this patient retained useful vision in one eye without having retinal detachment or requiring enucleation. Endogenous endophthalmitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ocular complaints in patients with CF after lung transplant.     

胶原血管病合并肺间质纤维化35例临床分析

回顾性分析我院35例胶原血管病(CVD)合并肺间质纤维化(PF)患者的临床资料。该组患者除有CVD病史或CVD相应特征外,突出的临床症状是胸闷、气短、咳嗽、咳痰,最常见的肺部体征为吸气末“Velcro”性捻发音。胸片/胸部HRCT显示以双下肺野弥漫网结节影改变为主,部分患者可见胸膜增厚。肺功能改变以限制性通气功能障碍和弥散障碍为特征,血气分析提示低氧血症或轻度过度通气。类风湿性关节炎、进行性系统性硬皮病和干燥综合征合并肺间质纤维化的患者最多,大多数病人的临床表现、肺功能、X线胸片和胸部CT均类似于特发性肺间质纤维化,应注意两者的鉴别。     

应用抑制消减杂交和cDNA表达谱芯片筛选肝星形细胞持续活化的相关基因

目的：利用抑制消减杂交（suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH）和cDNA表达谱芯片筛选早期活化的肝星状细胞与大鼠正常肝脏组织、轻度肝纤维化组织、重度肝纤维化组织中差异表达的基因.方法：从SSH构建的大鼠轻度和重度肝纤维化中两个差异cDNA文库中挑选1 000条上调显著的基因,与正常大鼠4 136条基因克隆制作成一张芯片,筛选持续期活化的肝星状细胞相关基因.结果：获得与HSC持续活化相关的上调基因633条,下调基因715条,其中血清和糖皮质激素调节蛋白激酶（SGK）在正常大鼠基因克隆和2、8周SSH上调差异基因中均呈上调信号.结论：联合应用SSH和cDNA表达谱芯片是筛选和鉴定不同样本中差异表达基因的快速、经济和有效方法;SGK可能作为多种细胞信号传导通路和细胞磷酸化级联反应的一个功能性交汇点,参与了肝星状细胞的早期活化和信号传导.     

可乐定和普萘洛尔对实验性肾性高血压糖尿病性心肌病的影响

可乐定和普萘洛尔治疗肾性高血压糖尿病性心肌病大鼠的心肌组织学改变,表明可乐定和普萘洛尔均使大鼠血压下降,体重恢复,心肌灶性坏死和纤维化减少。普萘洛尔组血管周围纤维化好转比可乐定组明显,可乐定组心肌纤维化改善较普萘洛尔组明显。其机制可能与抗交感紧张和减少儿茶酚胺对心肌损伤有关。     

C57BL/6J和C3H/HeN小鼠放射性肺损伤进程的比较研究

目的比较C57BL/6J和C3H／HeN两种小鼠放射性肺损伤进程的异同。方法采用20Gy^60Coγ射线照射C57BL/6J和C3H／HeN两种小鼠复制动物模型，应用天狼猩红染色、羟脯氨酸含量测定、免疫组织化学等方法检测Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原分布、羟脯氨酸含量、纤连蛋白（FN）、层粘连蛋白（LN）和α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α—SMA）表达变化。结果照后1、3和6个月C57BL/6J小鼠肺组织病变经历炎症期、增生期和纤维化期，胶原沉积增多，照后1和3个月FN表达明显高于对照组（P〈0．01），照后6个月逐渐减少，LN表达在照后呈渐进性增加，α-SMA表达比C3H／HeN强；照后1、3和6个月C3H／HeN小鼠肺组织主要表现为间质性炎症改变，FN表达于照后1、3和6个月与对照组相比无明显变化，LN表达于照后1和3个月明显增强，6个月逐渐减少。结论20Gy^60Coγ射线照射成功复制易，抗放射性肺纤维化动物模型。C57BL/6J小鼠发生放射性肺纤维化，以胶原沉积增多出现早且显著为特征；C3H／HeN小鼠未发生放射性肺纤维化。     

Some investigations into the nature and cause of massive fibrosis (MF) in the lungs of South African gold, coal, and asbestos mine workers

Samples from fibrotic lung lesions greater than 1 cm in diameter macroscopically (by definition, massive fibrosis; MF) were taken from the lungs of 9 randomly selected post-mortem cases of mine workers all showing a background of a pneumoconiosis. These samples were studied histologically, biochemically, and by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. As controls for the biochemical and X-ray diffraction investigations, nonfibrosed lung tissue was taken from the same specimens. The findings suggest that the higher quartz content may be the primary cause responsible for the MF formation in this series of cases, while other factors such as tuberculosis may play a part according to some relevant literature on MF. Although an area of MF appears macroscopically to be a solid lesion, on microscopy this is not the case and the lesion is composed of dense and sparse collagen bundles and cellular elements.     

Inflammation and the Aging Process: Devil or Angel

Inflammation is often viewed as a pathologic mechanism leading to tissue damage and interference with function, such as the process of chronic tissue scarring or fibrosis. However, it is important to note that inflammation is a crucial component of normal tissue repair as well as being fundamental to the body's defense against infection. Considering inflammation as a "causative agent in aging" belies the underlying mechanisms whereby the acute inflammatory response is necessary for survival, and efforts to reduce and control the inflammatory response leave the host susceptible to infectious agents and improper healing. Chronic inflammation inevitably has initiating mechanisms that include immune, autoimmune, and metabolic pathways, leading to the activation and presence of the host-protective response. It is more appropriate to target the underlying initiating conditions than the inflammatory process that ensues and treat the basic mechanisms of disease rather than interfere in a very important protective mechanism of the host.     

还原型谷胱甘肽对大鼠肝星状细胞TIMP—1表达的影响

目的 研究还原型谷胱甘肽对大鼠肝星状细胞（hepatic stellate,cells,HSC)中金属蛋白酶1组织抑制因子（TIMP－2）表达的影响。从分子和蛋白水平探讨还原型谷胱甘肽对大鼠肝纤维化的作用和可能机制。方法 采用50％CCl4制备大鼠肝纤维化模型，在造模过程中给予还原型谷胱甘肽进行干预。应用RT－PCR才Western Blot技术，在分子和蛋白水平检测体外分离大鼠HSC中的TIMP－1的表达情况。结果 还原型谷胱甘肽干预组与模型组和正常对照组相比，HSC中TIMP的表达降低（P＜0．05）。结论 还原型谷胱甘肽的干预可下调大鼠HSC中TIMP－1的表达，对实验性肝纤维化起到减轻作用。     

慢性肾脏病患者肾组织蛋白酶B的表达及意义

目的 探讨慢性肾脏病患者肾组织蛋白酶B(cathepsin B，CB)的表达及其与肾组织纤维化的关系。方法 采用免疫组织化学SP法和计算机图像分析系统检测肾组织CB、IV型胶原的表达情况，并以体视学多能目镜测试系统对肾活检组织病理切 片进行形态计量，计算硬化肾小球比率及病变肾小管肾间质比率。结果 CB在近曲小管表达最高，在肾小球和肾小管其他部位表达较少。轻度纤维化组和中度纤维化组CB的表达明显低于无纤维化组。CB表达与Ⅳ型胶原表达、病变肾小管肾间质比率及硬化肾小球比率呈显著负相关。结论 CB主要在肾近曲小管表达，其表达成少是细胞外基质(extracellular matrtx，ECM)降解减少的原因之一，参与肾组织纤维化的发生机制。