提高中药口服液澄明度方法的研究进展

中药口服液属于中成药液体制剂,澄明度好的口服液一般内在质量也比较优良。为了更好地控制中药口服液的质量,需要在制剂工艺中去除杂质以提高澄明度。目前提高中药口服液澄明度的方法主要有醇沉法、高速离心法、膜分离法、大孔吸附树脂法、澄清剂吸附法、明胶法、调节pH值法等。综述了近年来常用的改善中药口服液澄明度的新技术、新工艺及其在生产中的应用情况。     

基于超滤技术的消癌平注射液工艺改进

目的：采用超滤技术优化消癌平注射液的生产工艺。方法：采用HPLC、比色法、动态浊度法和光阻法分别检测消癌平注射液超滤前后绿原酸、总酚酸、细菌内毒素的含量变化及澄明度的合格率;比较原生产工艺和超滤膜联用技术对消癌平注射液中指标成分的影响、细菌内毒素的去除效果及澄明度的改善程度。结果：原生产工艺、30 kDa和5 kDa超滤膜联用、30 kDa和10 kDa超滤膜联用成品中绿原酸回收率分别为51.6%,52.6%,55.3%,总酚酸回收率分别为75.3%,58.2%,64.6%,细菌内毒素去除率分别为84.2%,98.4%,98.2%,成品澄明度合格率分别为80.0%,95.6%,93.3%。结论：与原工艺相比,采用截留相对分子质量30 kDa和5 kDa的超滤膜进行二级超滤时,指标性成分无明显损失,但可最大程度提高成品澄明度合格率,并能有效去除药液中细菌内毒素,保证注射剂的安全性及生产效率,适用于消癌平注射液的生产。     

ICU护士角色清晰度和道德困境对灵性照顾能力的影响

目的 探讨ICU护士的角色清晰度、道德困境对灵性照顾能力的影响,为制订针对提高ICU 护士灵性照顾能力的干预措施提供依据。方法 选取浙江省6所三级甲等综合性医院ICU的306名护士为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、灵性照顾能力量表、角色清晰度量表和道德困境量表进行调查。结果 ICU护士灵性照顾能力总分为（77.70±16.43）分,道德困境得分为59.81（15.0,88.0）分,角色清晰度总分为（32.22±5.37）分。灵性照顾能力与角色清晰度呈正相关（r=0.442,P<0.05）,与道德困境呈负相关（r=-0.424,P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析表明,教育程度、是否接受过灵性教育培训、角色清晰度及道德困境是其灵性照顾能力的影响因素（均P<0.05）。结论 ICU护士灵性照顾能力处于中等水平,有待进一步提高。护理管理者应制订相关培训项目,采取针对性措施提高ICU护士的灵性照顾能力。     

Promotion of role clarification in the Health Care Team Challenge

Interprofessional collaboration has consistently been associated with positive client-care outcomes. Role clarification is one facet of interprofessional collaboration that is thought to be crucial for effective interprofessional team functioning. Given the positive outcomes associated with interprofessional collaboration, educators have begun to integrate formal interprofessional education events into healthcare curricula. The Health Care Team Challenge (HCTC) is a collaborative competition designed to promote interprofessional competencies among students in healthcare fields. The current study empirically investigated whether this event promoted role clarification among participants. Sixteen participants in five healthcare professions (occupational therapy, physiotherapy, clinical psychology, nursing, and medicine) completed two questionnaires to assess role clarification before and after participating in this event. Results indicate that participants’ understanding of their own and other professions’ roles improved after participating in this team activity. These results suggest that the HCTC is effective in promoting role clarification and collaboration among healthcare students.     

The cyclical nature of depressed mood and future risk: Depression,rumination, and deficits in emotional clarity in adolescent girls

Deficits in emotional clarity, the understanding and awareness of one's own emotions and the ability to label them appropriately, are associated with increased depressive symptoms. Surprisingly, few studies have examined factors associated with reduction in emotional clarity for adolescents, such as depressed mood and ruminative response styles. The present study examined rumination as a potential mediator of the relationship between depressive symptoms and changes in emotional clarity, focusing on sex differences. Participants included 223 adolescents (51.60% female, Mean age = 12.39). Controlling for baseline levels of emotional clarity, initial depressive symptoms predicted decreases in emotional clarity. Further, rumination prospectively mediated the relationship between baseline depressive symptoms and follow-up emotional clarity for girls, but not boys. Findings suggest that depressive symptoms may increase girls' tendencies to engage in repetitive, negative thinking, which may reduce the ability to understand and label emotions, a potentially cyclical process that confers vulnerability to future depression.     

职场排斥与抑郁:自我概念清晰性的中介作用

目的 探讨职场排斥与抑郁的关系以及自我概念清晰性在这种关系中的中介作用.方法 采用网络调查的方式.以246名职场人士为研究对象,施测了职场排斥量表、自我概念清晰性量表和流调中心用抑郁量表.结果 ①职场排斥与抑郁呈中等程度的正相关(r=0.422,P＜0.01),职场排斥与自我概念清晰性呈显著负相关(r=-0.273,P...     

冻融对蚕砂提取液澄清效果的影响研究

目的:蚕砂提取液在醇提及酸沉后仍存在悬浮物,影响了提取液的澄清效果,而且提取液中的多糖以及可溶性蛋白对后续纯化过程中采用的树脂柱损害较大.该文旨在通过改进工艺的方法使提取液达到澄清要求,并减小对树脂柱的污染.方法:在工艺的澄清过程中增加冻融预处理,通过实验方法研究了冻融中3种不同的解冻方法对蚕砂提取液澄清效果的影响,并以提取液多糖含量、蛋白质含量、透射比以及有效成分处理前后的收率作为效果评定指标.结果:通过对3种冻融方法进行实验研究,表明冻融中的解冻选用微波方法最为适宜.结论:在澄清过程中增加冻融预处理方法,不仅可以有效提高蚕砂提取液的澄清效果,减小对后续纯化中树脂柱的损害,而且也很好地保留了提取液中的有效成分.     

血浆代用品注射液生产工艺的优化

目的对羟乙基淀粉类代血浆注射液的制备工艺进行研究,确定切实可行的生产工艺。方法分析影响羟乙基淀粉类代血浆注射液成品质量的因素,采用单因素方法,以成品的含量、可见异物的合格率及成品率为评价指标,考察了不同因素对注射液质量的影响。结果溶液温度、过滤温度、煮沸时间、药液pH值、活性炭用量及灭菌条件等因素对注射液的质量均有影响。最佳生产工艺条件为:在80℃以上溶解原料,加入0.1%的活性炭,煮沸30min,将药液pH值调至3.5~5.5,采用121℃,12min灭菌,即能得到质量可靠稳定的产品。结论该生产工艺设计合理,切实可行,代血浆类注射液质量稳定。