抗骨髓炎片对家兔骨髓炎的改善作用研究

目的 探讨抗骨髓炎片对家兔慢性骨髓炎的作用。方法 采用右胫骨骨髓腔内注射金黄色葡萄球菌的方法建立家兔慢性骨髓炎模型,随机分为4组：抗骨髓炎片高、低剂量（480、240 mg/kg）组,庆大霉素（60 mg/kg）组,模型组（等体积0.5% CMC-Na）;另取家兔向骨髓腔内注入生理盐水,作为假手术组（等体积0.5% CMC-Na）,术后当天开始ig给药,每天1次,连续6周。术后第6周对右胫骨行X-线检查并做Laurence评分;术后第2、4、6周采血,血细胞分析仪进行白细胞计数,ELISA法测定血清溶菌酶、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）含量。结果 模型组家兔均有典型骨髓炎表现,抗骨髓炎片高、低剂量对骨髓炎症状有显著缓解,Laurence评分与模型组比较显著降低（P<0.01）;与模型组比较,抗骨髓炎片高、低剂量组的白细胞计数、血清TNF-α和IL-6含量在术后2、4、6周均明显降低（P<0.01）,高剂量组血清溶菌酶含量在术后2、4、6周均明显升高（P<0.01）,低剂量组血清溶菌酶含量在第4、6周亦明显升高（P<0.05）。结论 抗骨髓炎片对家兔慢性骨髓炎发挥显著改善作用,可能与抑制致病菌、提高机体免疫力、下调炎性因子等途径有关。     

益气活血类中成药治疗脑梗死恢复期的网状Meta分析

目的 基于网状Meta分析方法,比较不同益气活血类中成药在脑梗死恢复期治疗方面的差异。方法 系统检索国内外中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Cochrane、EMbase等数据库,检索时限为自建库至2021年2月。查重筛选后,2名作者背对背提取文献资料,并采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具评价文献质量,采用Stata 16和GeMTC 14.3进行网状Meta分析。结果 最终纳入45项研究,4355例患者,涉及6种益气活血类中成药。网状Meta分析显示,在改善总有效率方面,概率排序为脑心通胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.59）>复方地龙胶囊/片＋西医常规治疗（0.18）>消栓肠溶胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.09）>灯盏生脉胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.08）>脑脉泰胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.06）>通心络胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.00）>西医常规治疗（0.00）;在降低神经功能评分方面,概率排序为消栓肠溶胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.67）>通心络胶囊+西医常规治疗（0.21）>复方地龙胶囊/片＋西医常规治疗（0.06）>脑心通胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.03）>灯盏生脉胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.02）>脑脉泰胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.01）>西医常规治疗（0.00）;在提高日常生活能力评分方面,概率排序为消栓肠溶胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.60）>脑心通胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.29）>通心络胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.07）>复方地龙胶囊/片＋西医常规治疗（0.04）>灯盏生脉胶囊＋西医常规治疗（0.01）>西医常规治疗（0.00）。结论 不同益气活血类中成药联合西医常规治疗在脑梗死恢复期的疗效方面均优于单用西医常规治疗,但因各中成药在不同结局指标中疗效排序差异较大,且纳入文献质量不高,故尚需开展大规模、高质量临床研究。     

Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Ofloxacin Tablets using Natural Gums as Binders

Natural gums are economical, easily available, and useful as tablet binders. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to formulate Ofloxacin tablets using three natural binders, namely Acacia arabica, Hibiscus esculentus, and xanthan gum. Such six batches of Ofloxacin tablets were prepared by using different types and amounts of the natural binders by the wet granulation method. The tablets were analyzed for their hardness, friability, and weight variation, and in vitro release was performed in a phosphate buffer at pH 6.8. The prepared tablets were also evaluated for their various release kinetics and similarity factors f₂. The physical properties of the tablets containing the natural binders showed sufficient hardness, desirable disintegration time, and low friability. Their better percentage of drug release was observed as compared to the marketed formulation showing more than 85% drug release within 45 minutes. The in vitro release data was well-fitted into zero-order and the values of release exponent ‘n’ were between 0.303 and 0.514. The high similarity factor f₂ of 64.50 was achieved with the best batch in comparison to the marketed tablets. The results obtained indicated that the gum Acacia arabica performed as well as gelatin compared to the other binders for the Ofloxacin tablet formulation.     

液相色谱-串联质谱联用法测定心脑欣片中甜菜碱含量

目的：建立测定心脑欣片中甜菜碱含量的方法。方法采用液相色谱-串联质谱联用（LC - MS / MS）法测定甜菜碱的含量,以电喷雾离子源（ESI）正离子模式将样品离子化,多反应监测（MRM）模式下对甜菜碱（ m / z 118.20→57.92和118.20→59.00）进行测定。色谱柱为 Venusil HILIC 柱（100 mm×2.1 mm,3μm）,流动相为乙腈-水（80：20）,流速为0.3 mL / min。结果甜菜碱进样质量浓度在4.44-177.6 ng / mL 范围内与峰面积积分值线性关系良好（ r =0.9999）,平均回收率为99.45%,RSD 为1.43%（ n =6）。结论该方法简便、可靠、准确,可作为测定心脑欣片中甜菜碱含量的方法。     

额力根古日古木-7治疗酒精性肝病的疗效观察

目的观察额力根古日古木-7治疗酒精性肝病的临床疗效和安全性。方法选取内蒙古民族大学附属医院2011年5月—2013年5月收治的60例酒精性肝病患者,随机分为治疗组(30例)和对照组(30例),两组均行严格戒酒,加强营养等支持治疗;对照组口服护肝片,4片/次,3次/d;治疗组口服蒙药额力根古日古木-7,5 g/次,2次/d。两组均治疗1个月。治疗结束后,比较两组患者的临床疗效和治疗前后患者的症状积分、肝功能指标、肝/脾CT比值变化。结果治疗后治疗组患者总有效率93.33%,对照组为70.00%,两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前后两组患者蒙医症候积分、肝功能、肝/脾CT比值均得到明显改善,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论额力根古日古木-7治疗酒精性肝病有很好的疗效,可有效恢复患者的肝功能,治疗过程中的不良反应较少,值得临床应用。     

某平板电脑显示模组项目职业病危害控制效果评价

目的为预防控制职业病危害、保护劳动者健康,对某平板电脑显示模组生产企业进行职业病危害控制效果评价。方法采用职业卫生调查、职业健康检查、职业卫生检测和检查表等方法对某平板电脑显示模组项目进行职业病危害定性和定量评价。对无接触限值、无检测方法的物质进行风险评估。结果该项目存在的职业病危害因素为：甲苯、甲醇、丙酮、丁酮、环己酮、甲缩醛、N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺（DMAA）、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氟化氢、乙酸、粉尘（其他粉尘）、矽尘、噪声、高温、工频电场、激光等。噪声合格率为84.4%,其余各种职业病危害因素检测结果均符合国家卫生标准。结论该建设项目职业病危害较重,针对各职业病危害因素采取了相应的防护措施,产生的职业病危害因素可得到预防和控制。     

The pharmacokinetics of the effervescent vs. conventional tramadol/paracetamol fixed-dose combination tablet in patients after total gastric resection

BackgroundTramadol/paracetamol is a fixed-dose combination prescribed for the relief of moderate to severe pain. The combination acts synergistically and guarantees the rapid onset of paracetamol and the prolonged analgesic effect of tramadol with good tolerability. These drugs are often used in various formulations in the treatment of patients with postoperative pain, e.g. after stomach resection. Gastrectomy leads to pathophysiological changes within the alimentary tract, which may affect the process of drug absorption. The aim of the research was an analysis of the pharmacokinetics of tramadol/paracetamol from effervescent and conventional tablets in patients after total gastrectomy.MethodsThe research was carried out on patients after gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. The patients received two tramadol/paracetamol fixed-dose combination tablets in a single orally administered dose of 75/650 mg (2 × 37.5/325 mg). The patients were subjected to one of the two study drug group with: I. effervescent tablet (ET) (n = 14; mean [SD] age, 63.4 [10.1] years; weight, 75.5 [15.3] kg; and BMI, 26.0 [4.6] kg/m²) and II. conventional tablet (CT) (n = 12; mean [SD] age, 66.8 [7.7] years; weight, 79.8 [17.8] kg; and BMI, 27.4 [5.3] kg/m²). Blood samples were collected within 10 h after the drug administration. The plasma concentrations of tramadol and paracetamol were measured with validated HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) method with UV detection.ResultsThe comparison of the paracetamol and tramadol C_max ratio for the ET group with that of the CT group gave ratios of 1.16 [90% confidence interval (CI) 1.06, 1.27] and 0.86 (90% CI 0.72, 1.02), respectively. The comparison of the paracetamol and tramadol AUC_0–t ratio for the ET group with that of the CT group showed ratios of 0.99 (90% CI 0.88, 1.10) and 1.00 (90% CI 0.82, 1.22), respectively. The comparison of the difference for the effervescent and conventional formulation gave an estimated decrease in t_max of 0.5 h for paracetamol and 0.13 h for tramadol.ConclusionsIn view of the changes in the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol and tramadol in the patients after gastric resection for both formulations compared the conventional tablet seems to be more appropriate due to the comparable rate of absorption of both substances, higher concentrations of tramadol and comparable exposure to paracetamol.     

健脾止遗片对儿童遗尿症的临床疗效观察

目的验证健脾止遗片对儿童遗尿症的治疗作用。方法将诊断为脾肺气虚型遗尿症的412例患儿,随机分为2组,治疗组309例,采用健脾止遗片治疗,对照组103例,采用遗尿停胶囊治疗,2周为1个疗程。治疗4个疗程后,统计分析疗效。结果治疗组临床痊愈率43．67％,总有效率91．33％;对照组临床痊愈率36．00％,总有效率90．00％,组问比较,治疗组疗效优于对照组（P〉0．05）;在改善睡中遗尿、尿频量多方面,治疗组疗效优于对照组（P〉0．05）。结论健脾止遗片对脾肺气虚型儿童遗尿症具有显著的治疗作用,尤其在改善睡中遗尿、尿频量多方面具有较好的疗效。     

肾炎清片对无症状性血尿患者IL-6和VEGF水平的影响

目的 探讨肾炎清片对无症状性血尿患者IL-6和VEGF水平的影响.方法 将76例临床诊断为无症状性血尿患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各38例,对照分析肾炎清片治疗前和治疗后无症状血尿患者的IL-6和VEGF的水平.结果 肾炎清片治疗组无症状性血尿患者的IL-6和VEGF的水平较对照组明显降低,结果显示组间的差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 肾炎清片能够改变无症状性血尿患者IL-6和VEGF的水平,可能对无症状性血尿患者血尿症状的改善具有一定的作用.