Paeoniae Radix,a traditional Chinese medicine,and CYP2C9 activity

Paeoniae Radix (PR) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. A slight effect of PR on the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin that is mainly metabolised by CYP2C9 has been reported. The aim of this pilot study was to clarify if PR has an effect on losartan oxidation used as a measure of CYP2C9 activity. Three healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of losartan before and after PR treatment. Losartan and E-3174, an active metabolite of losartan, were analysed in 8 hour urine. PR did not seem to have an effect on CYP2C9 activity when the losartan/E-3174 ratios were compared before and after PR treatment (P = 0.56) although a larger study would need to be undertaken to confirm this finding.     

赤芍、大黄药对提取物中丹皮酚和大黄酸的组织分布研究

目的:建立同时测定大鼠组织中丹皮酚和大黄酸含量的高效液相色谱法。方法:采用Phenomsil BDS C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸(37∶63)为流动相,流速1.0 m L·min-1,以橙黄决明素为内标,在274 nm下进行检测。结果:丹皮酚的线性范围为Y=-0.055+0.03X(r=0.993 2),日内和日间的RSD均4.1%;大黄酸的线性范围为Y=-0.152+0.014X(r=0.993 5),日内和日间的RSD均4.9%。组织样品的稳定性符合要求。结论:所建立的大鼠组织中丹皮酚和大黄酸HPLC测定方法,适用于大鼠体内赤芍、大黄药对的组织分布研究。     

多指标正交设计优选白术-白芍药对的提取工艺

[目的]优选出最佳的白术-白芍药对提取工艺.[方法]采用正交试验和多指标综合加权评分法,以白术中的白术内酯Ⅰ、白术内酯Ⅱ、白术内酯Ⅲ、苍术素和白芍中芍药苷、氧化芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、没食子酸8个指标性成分为考察指标,对影响白术-白芍药对提取工艺的因素进行考察.[结果]最佳的白术-白芍药对提取工艺是将白术、白芍药材（3∶2,w/w）均匀混合后加入10倍量的70％甲醇溶液,回流提取3次,每次1h.[结论]该提取工艺稳定可靠,可为白术-白芍药对的进一步研究提供参考.     

桂枝汤的药理学研究 五、加味、减味桂枝汤和桂枝汤的药理作用比较

比较了桂枝汤和桂枝去芍药汤、桂枝加桂汤、桂枝加芍药汤的实验药理作用差别,发现四方均能抑制流感病毒性肺炎、提高感染小鼠的网状内皮系统廓清能力,抑制皮肤迟发性超敏反应,作用均以桂枝汤最强,其次为桂枝加桂汤。桂枝汤、桂枝加桂和桂枝加芍药汤具有镇静作用,以桂枝加桂汤最强。桂枝加芍药汤、桂枝加桂汤和桂枝汤依次有镇痛作用。四方对正常肠蠕动功能无明显有规律的影响,但均能使亢进的肠蠕动抑制。实验结果与《伤寒论》对四方所述解表、调和营卫,治胸满、脉促,奔豚气和腹满时痛的主证大体吻合。     

Effects of traditional herbal medicine, Hwaotang, on atherosclerosis using the spontaneous familial hypercholesterolemia model, Kurosawa and Kusanagi-hypercholesterolemic rabbits and the venous thrombosis rats

Hwaotang (HOT), a traditional Korean medicinal formulation, is a dried decoctum of a mixture of seven herbal medicines, consisting of Angelica gigantis Radix, Rehmanniae Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Ciniamomi Cortex, Cnidii Rhizoma, Persicae Semen and Carthami Flos. In the present study, the inhibitory effects and anti thrombic properties of HOT on the progression of atherosclerotic lesions were studied using the spontaneous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) model, Kurosawa and Kusanagi-hypercholesterolemic (KHC) rabbits and rats. Changes in blood chemistry, pathology and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation were measured in a control and HOT group. In the control group, the area of atheromatous plaques of the aorta progressed between week 12 (36.65%) and week 14 (46.22%). This progression of atherosclerotic lesions did not occur in the HOT-treated group after 12 (24.24%) and 14 (23.34%) weeks. Antioxidative effects on LDL were seen in the HOT in weeks 12 and 14. HOT improved the hypercholesterolemia in the KHC rabbits. On the other hand, HOT and five of the seven herbs, except Cnidii Rhizoma and Carthami Flos, inhibited the endotoxin-induced hepatic venous thrombosis in high cholesterol diet-treated rats. However, Ciniamomi Cortex showed a very weak inhibitory effect on the endotoxin-induced hepatic venous thrombosis. The extract also inhibited the endotoxin-induced decrease in blood platelets and fibrinogen, and endotoxin-induced increase in fibrin degradation products (FDP) on disseminated intravascular coagulation in normal rats. In conclusion, these results suggest that HOT has inhibitory effects on the development of atheromatous plaque formation in spontaneous FH rabbits. It is also suggested that the antioxidative effects of HOT on LDL led to the beneficial effects observed in this study. The protection by HOT and its herbs on the artificially induced ischemic infarction might be related to their inhibitory effects on disseminated intravascular coagulation, platelet coagulation and thrombotic action.     

山青之片对大鼠血脂影响的实验研究

目的:观察山青之片的抑制血脂升高作用。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为对照组和低、中、高剂量给药组。低、中、高剂量分别0.2g/kg、0.4g/kg、1.2g/kgBW/d。经口给药30天后采血,检测血清TC、TG、HDL-C三项血脂指标。结果:与对照组相比,中、高剂量组能明显抑制大鼠血清TC及TG含量的升高,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:一定剂量的山青之片可能具有抑制血脂升高的作用。     

赤芍药理作用的研究进展

赤芍为毛茛科植物芍药或川赤芍的干燥根,具有清热凉血、通经及清肝消痈的功效。本文通过调研国内杂志及近十年的国外杂志,对赤芍的药理作用及其在中药复方中的应用进行了总结,为其研究开发治疗心脑血管疾病及其他疾病的药物提供有价值的参考。     

白芍-甘草药对不同配伍比例提取物中有效成分溶出规律的研究

目的 通过建立RP-HPLC法测定白芍-甘草药对中12种有效成分,并用此方法探讨有效成分随白芍-甘草配比变化的溶出规律。方法 采用Dikma Technologies-C₁₈色谱柱（200 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相为乙腈（A）-0.1%磷酸水溶液（B）,梯度洗脱：0～5 min,5%～10% A;5～10 min,10%～12% A;10～15 min,12%～14% A;15～20 min,14%～16% A;20～25 min,16%～18% A;25～30 min,18%～20% A;30～40 min,20%～25% A;40～50 min,25%～40% A;50～62 min,40%～55% A;62～72 min,55%～70% A;72～85 min,70%～55% A;85～95 min,55%～5% A,体积流量1.0 mL/min,检测波长为267 nm（0～13 min）、258 nm（13～17 min）、230 nm（17～27 min）、276 nm（27～32 min）、230 nm（32～42 min）、360 nm（42～46 min）、276 nm（46～50 min）、230 nm（50～53 min）、275 nm（53～55 min）、250 nm（55～95 min）,柱温30 ℃。结果 在所观察的白芍-甘草的9个配伍比例（0∶1、0.3∶1、0.6∶1、1∶1、2∶1、3∶1、4∶1、5∶1、1∶0）中,以1∶1、3∶1组有效成分溶出量最高,另外0.6∶1组也较高。结论 以现代研究方法证实了张仲景《伤寒论》芍甘汤中配伍比例1∶1的科学性,也进一步从有效成分上证实了现代临床经典比例3∶1配伍的合理性。     

白芍提取物及其有效成分抗氧化活性的研究

目的考察白芍粗提物及其有效成分五没食子酰基葡萄糖(pentagalloylglucose,PGG)抗氧化活性。方法用乙醇为提取剂超声提取白芍中有效成分PGG;用高速逆流法分离纯化PGG;用高效液相色谱及质谱法分析、鉴定PGG;以维生素C(vitaminc,Vc)为阳性对照,用1,1-二苯基-2-苦基苯肼自由基法(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)和Fe3+-三吡啶三吖嗪法(ferricreducing-antioxidant power,FRAP)法评价白芍粗提物及PGG的抗氧化活性。结果从白芍中分离纯化得到PGG,其纯度为95.7%。DPPH实验表明,白芍粗提物及PGG对DPPH自由基均有较强的清除作用,其残留率的IC50为PGG<白芍粗提物白芍粗提物>Vc。FRAP实验结果表明,与白芍粗提物及Vc相比较,PGG抗氧化作用最强,尤其在浓度较低(如10μg/mL)时,其FRAP值大于白芍粗提物并远远大于Vc;当浓度增大时,各物质FRAP值均增大,抗氧化能力增强。但Vc增加得更为显著,在100μg/mL时,Vc的FRAP值为420.8μmol/L,已接近白芍粗提物的FRAP值,但仍低于PGG的FRAP值567.1μmol/L。结论中药白芍中含有抗氧化有效成分PGG,PGG的抗氧化作用远大于阳性对照药Vc,PGG将有可能成为一种潜在的天然高效抗氧化剂,具有广泛的临床应用前景。