Protective effect of lactobacillus acidophilus and lactobacillus casei on encephalomyocarditis‐virus‐induced disease in mice

Treatment of mice with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei enhances their resistance to the encephalomyocarditis virus infection. The protective action of lactobacilli on the course of model viral infection was the strongest in mice to which L. acidophilus and L. casei were given intraperitoneally four days prior to infection. The protective action may be due to a specific action on the immune system.     

嗜酸性乳酸杆菌抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

接种肉瘤180,艾氏腹水癌和路易氏肺癌的小鼠,喂饲嗜酸性乳酸杆菌(Shahani 株)发酵乳后,小鼠肉瘤180和艾氏腹水癌生长受抑制。与对照组比较.差异明显(P<0.05).但它对路易氏肺癌自发性肺转移无影响。此外,发现 C_(57)BL/6小鼠喂饲该细菌发酵乳后,脾细胞和胸腺细胞对 ConA 刺激的增殖反应,腹腔巨噬细胞 C_(3b)受体活性以及脾细胞和腹腔渗出细胞所介导的对 L_979纤维母细胞瘤细胞的毒性作用都比对照组明显增强。     

In vitro antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine added to glass-ionomer cements

Abstract— The aims of the present study were to investigate the antibacterial properties of glass-ionomer cements containing different concentrations of chlorhexidine and the possible release of chlorhexidine from the compound. Chlorhexidine gluconate or diacetate was mixed with glass-ionomer cements and tested in vitro against strains of Lactobacillus casei and mutans streptococci. A spectrophotometric test was used to monitor the release of chlorhexidine from the mixture. In a broth culture test, the higher the concentrations of chlorhexidine in the mixture, the longer the time of antibacterial effect on Streptococcus mutans and the greater the tendency of the material to deteriorate. Agar diffusion tests revealed bacterial inhibition in a dose-response manner. The tested bacterial strains were similarly inhibited and the antibacterial properties decreased with time. A minor portion of added chlorhexidine was released from the cement. The deterioration of the cements indicates that the material could be useful as a varnish-like chlorhexidine carrier.     

Effects on antitumor activity and cytokine production in the thoracic cavity by intrapleural administration of Lactobacillus casei in tumor-bearing mice

The effects Lactobacillus casei YIT9108 (LC 9018) on antitumor activity and cytokine production in Meth A fibrosarcoma (Meth A)-bearing BALB/c mice were examined. Intrapleural (i.pl.) administration of LC 9018 was effective in prolonging the survival of Meth A-bearing mice, and frequently cured mice of the tumor. However, the results also indicated that the effect of LC 9018 was in part inhibited in mice treated with anti-CD3 or anti-CD8 antibody, but not affected in anti-CD4 antibody-treated mice. In contrast, LC 9018 had little effect on Meth A-bearing SCID or nude mice. These results demonstrated that CD8⁺ T cells participated in prolonging the survival of Meth A-bearing mice. Moreover, the examination of the production of several cytokines revealed that the production of interferon-γ and interleukin-6 was, in particular, augmented in the exudated fluid of the thoracic cavity in BALB/c mice injected with LC 9018 i.pl. These results suggested that i.pl. administration of LC 9018 induced those cytokines which had the potential to activate the thoracic macrophages or proliferate the thoracic lymphocytes to the cytotoxic T cells. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that the prolonging effects on survival by i.pl. administration of LC 9018 depended on CD8⁺ T cells, and the i.pl. administration of LC 9018 into i.pl. Meth A-bearing mice induced several cytokines which participated in the subsequent immunoresponses. Received: 24 June 1996     

肠源性感染—无菌和SPF动物的实验研究

肠道内细菌通过肠粘膜屏障侵入到肠道以外部位形成感染的过程称之为“细菌移居”或肠源性感染。本实验利用无菌和无特殊致病菌动物进行研究,证实肠道中的常驻菌乳酸杆菌和非常驻菌肠炎沙门氏菌,均能够通过破坏肠粘膜的机械性屏障侵入体内形成肠源性感染。肠道中细菌主要是通过细胞内途径穿过肠粘膜屏障。肠粘膜上皮细胞内的溶酶体是肠粘膜抗感染防御屏障中的重要成分。     

Development of lactobacilli therapy to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections in females

Urinary tract infections remain a common urogynecological problem. Although antibiotic therapy invariably eradicates bacteria from the bladder, it can also disrupt the genital flora and lead to emergence of drug-resistant uropathogens. A new therapeutic agent has been developed to prevent recurrence of uncomplicated, lower urinary tract infections in adult females. This unique product contains Lactobacillus casei var rhamnosus GR-1 and L. fermentum B-54, selected for their ability to adhere to uroepithelial cells in vitro and produce inhibitory substances against uropathogens, particularly Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species. In addition, unlike the majority of lactobacillus isolates, the strains GR-1 and B-54 resist the action of spermicide. The bacteria are freeze-dried in gelatin suppositories and instilled intravaginally. Weekly therapy in 8 patients has led to a 78.7% reduction in infection rate, without any major side effects. The results illustrate the potential effectiveness of this therapy in patients with recurrent urinary tract infections.     

乳杆菌对致病性大肠杆菌感染小鼠肠黏膜屏障功能的影响

目的:研究乳杆菌对致病性大肠杆菌感染小鼠肠黏膜屏障的保护作用.方法:将BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组、致病性大肠杆菌感染组、乳杆菌JCM1081灌胃组、乳杆菌治疗组等,实验进行14 d.观察各组小鼠肠黏膜形态变化、肠道菌群变化、细菌移位以及肠黏膜钙黏蛋白表达的差异.结果:致病性大肠杆菌感染组小鼠与对照组相比,肠黏膜形态有明显改变,肠道内厌氧菌数量显著下降,肠杆菌和肠球菌数量明显增加,在肝、脾、肾以及肠系膜淋巴结中有细菌存在,但肠黏膜钙黏蛋白无明显变化.乳杆菌灌胃组小鼠各项指标无显著变化.乳杆菌治疗组小鼠各项指标变化程度较致病性大肠杆菌感染组显著减轻.结论:乳杆菌能黏附定植于肠黏膜并形成生物屏障,起着保护肠黏膜免受损伤的作用.     

嗜酸性乳杆菌培养上清液对实验性腹泻的作用

 目的研究嗜酸性乳杆菌LA14菌株耗尽培养上清液(spent culture supernatant,SCS)对小鼠实验性腹泻的影响。方法小鼠100只,随机分为10组。采用小鼠灌胃给予80 g·L-1的番泻叶水煎剂(25 mL·kg^-1)或蓖麻油(15 mL·kg^-1),造成小鼠实验性腹泻动物模型,造模前分别以SCS、活菌、SCS+活菌25 mL·kg^-1·次^-1给小鼠灌胃,以及思密达冲剂3 g·kg^-1·次^-1给小鼠灌胃,每天2次,连续3 d。造模后连续观察6 h内小鼠腹泻累积次数、腹泻发生率和稀便率。结果在SCS组、活菌组以及SCS+活菌组,两种实验性腹泻小鼠的稀便率均有降低,与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.05或P<0.01),同时各时间点腹泻累积次数也有所下降,与模型组比较差异显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论嗜酸性乳杆菌SCS和活菌均有一定的抗小鼠实验性腹泻的作用。     

阴道微生态平衡在细菌性阴道病治疗中的意义

目的:研究通过阴道内微生态平衡状态的维持对于治疗细菌性阴道病的价值。方法:根据Amsel标准确诊的细菌性阴道病患者32例(其中2例患者失访)随机分为4个实验组:单用定菌生组,联合组,序贯组,对照组。结果:停药3d后4组患者的临床症状、实验室检查结果均无显著性差异(P(0.05)。停药1个月后组1、2、4比实验组3患者的乳酸杆菌计数明显增加,在统计学上有显著性差异(P=0.0005),而其他无显著性差异(P(0.05)。结论:①阴道乳酸杆菌数量的降低与细菌性阴道病的初发及复发有明显相关性:在细菌性阴道病初发或复发患者阴道乳酸杆菌数量明显降低(在本研究中患病者阴道乳酸杆菌数量小于30个/1000倍视野)。②细菌性阴道病治疗方法的选择:阴道内单用定菌生10d、定菌生联合甲硝唑10d及单用甲硝唑10d的治疗方法均为效果较好的选择;而先用甲硝唑5d再用定菌生5d的序贯疗法不可取。③维持阴道微生态平衡对于治疗细菌性阴道病有较高价值。