麻黄药材的质量分析研究

目的通过对多批次草麻黄药材质量进行分析比较,确定可行的麻黄碱与伪麻黄碱的含量限度,为其质量控制提供科学依据,为麻黄药材质量分析提供新方法.方法采用RP-HPLC法测定麻黄碱、伪麻黄碱的含量,Kromasil RP-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相:0.3%磷酸-甲醇(10:90),检测波长:213 nm.结果 14批草麻黄药材中麻黄碱及伪麻黄碱含量差异较大,其中麻黄碱含量在0.361～1.538%,伪麻黄碱在0.332～2.087%之间.通过多批次样品含量比较,建议草麻黄药材中麻黄碱的含量不低于1.082%,伪麻黄碱含量不低于1.008%.结论经过系统的方法学考察,所建立的测定方法具有操作简便、稳定、专属、可重复的特点,可用于麻黄药材及含麻黄复方制剂的质量控制.     

马齿苋配伍益母草治疗药物流产后阴道流血113例分析

目的:回顾性分析马齿苋配伍益母草(又称缩宫灵)在治疗药物流产(药流)后阴道流血的疗效.方法:门诊药流后阴道流血的妇女286例,将其分成3组:观察1组服缩宫灵,观察2组单服益母草;3组为对照组不加任何药物,比较3组阴道流血的情况.结果:观察1、2组完全流产率高于对照组,阴道流血量少于对照组,阴道流血时间短于对照组,有统计学差异(P＜0.01).观察1组阴道流血量及阴道流血时间与观察2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),但两组完全流产率相近,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).3组不良反应比较无差异(P＞0.05).结论:缩宫灵可减少药流后阴道流血量,缩短流血时间,不加重不良反应,提高药流成功率.     

贯黄感冒颗粒(无糖型)质量标准研究

目的建立贯黄感冒颗粒(无糖型)的质量控制标准。方法采用薄层色谱法鉴别制剂中的路边青和马来酸氯苯那敏；采用高效液相色谱法对马来酸氯苯那敏进行含量测定。结果马来酸氯苯那敏线性范围在0．2～1．2ug，相关系数r=0．9999；回收率96．8％，变异系数为1．2％(n=5)。结论本法简便，快速，测定结果准确，可以用于贯黄感冒颗粒(无糖型)的质量控制。     

鹅不食草煎液对小鼠肝损伤的保护作用

目的:观察鹅不食草煎液对小鼠3种肝损伤模型的保护作用.方法:采用四氯化碳(CCl4)、对乙酰氨基酚(APAP)、D-氨基半乳糖 脂多糖(D-GalN LPS)致3种小鼠肝损伤模型,测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT).结果:鹅不食草煎液能明显降低CCl4,APAP,D-GalN LPS引起的肝损伤后小鼠血清中升高的ALT水平.结论:鹅不食草煎液对实验性肝损伤有明显的保护作用.     

夏至草提取物对急性血瘀大鼠淋巴微循环的作用

目的:观察夏至草提取物(HLE)对急性血瘀大鼠淋巴微循环的作用.方法:(Dextran)以10ml/kg经静脉注射,1 min注完,诱导大鼠急性血瘀症模型,6 min后治疗组按1.0g/kg(含生药)从颈静脉注射HLE,对照组颈静脉注射等量的生理盐水,通过显微电视录像观察肠系膜微淋巴管(ML)收缩性的变化.结果:夏至草提取物使ML自主收缩频率、收缩活性指数(Index Ⅰ)、总收缩活性指数(IndexⅡ)、淋巴动力学指数(LD-Index)和血压显著高于对照组(P《0.05～0.01).结论:夏至草提取物对急性血瘀大鼠淋巴微循环障碍有非常好的改善作用.     

广藿香挥发油气相色谱指纹图谱再研究

目的:建立广藿香挥发油的特征指纹图谱,用于广藿香的品质控制及产地鉴别.方法:采用GC法对高要、石牌、吴川、遂溪、雷州及海南万年产广藿香挥发油进行GC图谱的比较分析.结果:以11个共有峰为评价指标,GC分析色谱条件的精密度、稳定性、重复性良好;同产地、不同采收期广藿香的主成分基本相同,但含量有差异;不同产地的广藿香其各组分的含量有较大的差异.结论:以11个共有峰作为广藿香挥发油特有的指纹图谱,以广藿香酮与广藿香醇的峰面积比值作为鉴别不同产地的广藿香的指标参数,建立了可用于广藿香道地性鉴别及品质评价的气相色谱指纹图谱标准.     

Ephedra alkaloid contents of Chinese herbal formulae sold in Taiwan

Consumption of Ephedra alkaloids is prohibited in‐competition by the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA). In Taiwan, colds are often treated with Chinese herbal formulae containing Herba Ephedrae. We screened products sold in Taiwan and preliminarily assessed their relationships with WADA threshold violations. Fifty‐six concentrated powder products, including 19 Chinese herbal formulae that contained Herba Ephedrae, were collected. The content of Ephedra alkaloids, namely ephedrine (E), methylephedrine (ME), norpseudoephedrine (NPE; cathine), pseudoephedrine (PE), and norephedrine (NE; phenylpropanolamine), was determined using a validated high‐performance liquid chromatography method. The results revealed that the phenotypic indicators of the collected products, E/PE and E/total ratios, were 1.52–4.70 and 0.49–0.72, respectively, indicating that the Herba Ephedrae species in these products was probably E. sinica or E. equisetina, but not E. intermedia. The contents of E, ME, NPE, PE, and NE and the total alkaloid contents in the daily doses of the products were 0.45–34.97, 0.05–4.87, 0.04–3.61, 0.15–12.09, and 0.01–2.00 mg and 0.68–53.64 mg, respectively. The alkaloid contents followed a relatively consistent order (E > PE > ME ≈ NPE > NE), even for products from different manufacturers. We calculated that single doses of 50.0% and 3.6% of the products would result in the WADA thresholds of E and NPE being exceeded, respectively. Our data provide critical information for athletes and medical personnel, who should be wary of using complex Chinese herbal formulae in addition to over‐the‐counter products.     

Anti-complementary effect of polysacchride B3-PS1 in Herba Scutellariae Barbatae (Scutellaria barbata)

The polysaccharide B3-PS1 was extracted and purified from Herba Scutellariae Barbatae (Scutellaria barbata D. Don), through bioactivity-guided fractionation. Average molecular weight of B3-PS1 was about 1,700,000?Da with a composition of Gal, Glc, Man and Ara in the ratio of 4.3:1.6:1.1:1.0, and trace of Rha, Fuc and Xyl. Preliminary data showed that 1) B3-PS1 inhibited complement activation of the classic pathway with CH₅₀ value of 0.12?±?0.02?mg/ml and of the alternative pathways with AP₅₀ value of 0.36?±?0.05?mg/ml; 2) B3-PS1 interacts with C1q, C1r, C1s, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C9 through a hemolytic assay. These results strongly suggested that B3-PS1 could be a potential candidate in treating those complement-associated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, and Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).     

不同产地肉苁蓉中麦角甾苷含量测定

目的测定同属肉苁蓉、管花肉苁蓉、盐生肉苁蓉及其不同产地药材中麦角甾苷含量。方法采取麦角甾苷稀甲醇溶液予200~400 nm波长扫描,以332 nm为检测波长。精密吸取对照品溶液1、2、4、6、8μL进样,按拟定的色谱条件测定。分别以乙酸乙酯、氯仿、石油醚、乙醚脱脂,然后以甲醇提取,测定含量。精密称取已测知含量的样品适量,添加适量麦角甾苷对照品并测定。结果麦角甾苷在0.1~0.8μg范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系。不同地区肉苁蓉麦角甾苷含量差异巨大。结论中药产地因素不可忽略,检测样品越多,含量变异程度越大。     

HPLC测定麻黄及其制剂中3种生物碱含量

目的 建立HPLC同时测定麻黄及其制剂中3种生物碱含量。方法 以乙腈-甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(1.5∶4∶94.5)为流动相,同时测定麻黄、金麻杏止咳片和麻杏止咳片中3种生物碱的含量。结果 盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸伪麻黄碱、盐酸甲基麻黄碱的进样量分别为0.102 9~0.686,0.025?11~0.167 4,0.022 23~0.148 2 μg,分别与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率分别为100.56%,97.84%和98.42%,RSD分别为0.20%、0.94%和1.31%(n=6)。结论 所建立的HPLC可通过测定3种生物碱的含量综合评价麻黄及其制剂的质量。