还原型谷胱甘肽对恶性肿瘤化疗后肝损伤的疗效观察

[目的]观察还原型谷胱甘肽（glutathione,GSH）对化疗药物性肝功能损害的防治作用.[方法]将56例恶性肿瘤患者随机分为观察组及对照组,观察组化疗时联合使用GSH,对照组化疗时联合使用复方甘草酸铵,分别对两组患者治疗后肝功能情况进行观察和比较.[结果]观察组肝功能损伤率低于对照组（P＜0.05）.[结论]GSH对恶性肿瘤化疗药物性肝功能损害具有较好的防治作用.     

α-硫辛酸对溃疡性结肠大鼠模型脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨抗氧化剂α-硫辛酸对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠的保护作用及可能机制。方法 健康SD大鼠30只,随机分为对照组、模型组及硫辛酸组,采用三硝基苯磺酸（TNBS）制备大鼠UC模型,对照组给予等量生理盐水灌肠,硫辛酸组于造模后给予α-硫辛酸盐液100mg/（kg·d）腹腔注射。生化方法检查大鼠结肠组织丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和髓过氧化物酶（MPO）含量;同时观察大鼠疾病活动指数（DAI）、肠道大体形态及组织学评分情况。结果 与对照组相比,模型组大鼠肠粘膜MDA、MPO含量显著增高（P〈0.01）,SOD活性和GSH含量明显降低（P〈0.01）,大鼠DAI及肠道大体形态、组织学评分模型组明显升高（P〈0.01）;与模型组相比,硫辛酸组大鼠肠组织MDA、MPO含量,DAI及肠道大体形态、组织学评分明显降低（P〈0.01）,SOD活性和GSH明显升高（P〈0.01）。结论 α-硫辛酸通过抗氧化作用对UC大鼠具有保护作用。     

Dietary intervention with green dwarf banana flour (Musa sp AAA) prevents intestinal inflammation in a trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid model of rat colitis

Dietary products are among the therapeutic approaches used to modify intestinal microflora and to promote protective effects during the intestinal inflammatory process. Because the banana plant is rich in resistant starch, which is used by colonic microbiota for the anaerobic production of the short-chain fatty acids that serve as a major fuel source for colonocytes: first, green dwarf banana flour produces protective effects on the intestinal inflammation acting as a prebiotic and, second, combination of this dietary supplementation with prednisolone presents synergistic effects. For this, we used the trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) model of rat colitis. Our results revealed that the protective effect produced by a combination of 10% green dwarf banana flour with prednisolone was more pronounced than those promoted by a single administration of prednisolone or a diet containing 10% or 20% banana flour. This beneficial effect was associated with an improvement in the colonic oxidative status because the banana flour diet prevented the glutathione depletion and inhibited myeloperoxidase activity and lipid peroxidation. In addition, the intestinal anti-inflammatory activity was associated with an inhibition of alkaline phosphatase activity, a reduction in macroscopic and microscopic scores, and an extension of the lesions. In conclusion, the dietary use of the green dwarf banana flour constitutes an important dietary supplement and complementary medicine product to prevention and treatment of human inflammatory bowel disease.     

Supplementation of broccoli or Bifidobacterium longum–fermented broccoli suppresses serum lipid peroxidation and osteoclast differentiation on alveolar bone surface in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

High-cholesterol diet enhances osteoclastic activity on alveolar bone by increasing serum lipid peroxidation. We hypothesized that supplementation with dietary antioxidants, such as found in broccoli and its fermented products, might suppress increases in serum lipid peroxidation, contributing to the inhibition of osteoclastic activity after high-cholesterol diet intake. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of broccoli and fermented broccoli consumption on serum lipid peroxidation and osteoclast differentiation in alveolar bone of rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. In this 12-week study, rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 6/group): a control group (fed regular diet) and 3 experimental groups (fed a high-cholesterol [1% wt/wt] diet, or a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either broccoli powder [5% wt/wt] or Bifidobacterium longum–fermented broccoli powder [5% wt/wt]). Serum hexanoyl-lysine (HEL) levels were measured as a parameter of lipid peroxidation. The number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)–positive osteoclasts in alveolar bone was enumerated to evaluate osteoclast differentiation. When compared with regular diet, the high-cholesterol diet increased serum HEL levels and resulted in a higher number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts at 12 weeks. The high-cholesterol diet supplemented with broccoli or B. longum–fermented broccoli showed lower levels of serum HEL and fewer TRAP-positive osteoclasts than the high-cholesterol diet at 12 weeks. In conclusion, consumption of broccoli, or its fermented product, inhibited the effects of a high-cholesterol diet on osteoclast differentiation in rat alveolar bone by suppressing serum lipid peroxidation.     

Dunaliella salina extract effect on diabetic rats: Metabolic fingerprinting and target metabolite analysis

Antioxidant therapy has been proposed to improve the oxidative stress status of diabetic patients. Natural products are a source of substances such as carotenoids, with known antioxidant properties with possible benefits on diabetes. Among them, Dunaliella salina is a microalga with high content in carotenoids that can be extracted via an environmentally clean process such as supercritical fluid extraction with CO₂.     

Mutual anti-oxidative effect of gossypol acetic acid and gossypol–iron complex on hepatic lipid peroxidation in male rats

Gossypol displays anticancer behavior and anti-fertility in males. Male rats were treated with either gossypol acetic acid (GAA) or gossypol–iron complex (GIC). Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) activity elevated of GAA. However, GIC-treated animals showed a decrease in hepatic glutathione (GSH) content with increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Whereas, GSH-Px specific activity increased in GAA group. GAA and GIC induce significant increases in the hepatic NEFA with remarkable decrease in the total saturated fatty acids with a significant increase of PUFA.     

氯丙烯对大鼠神经组织抗氧化系统的影响

长期低浓度接触氯丙烯 (ａｌｌｙｌｃｈｌｏｒｉｄｅ)可引起神经衰弱综合征和对称性轴突变性型周围神经病[1,2 ] 。动物超微神经病理观察发现神经轴浆内微管 (ｍｉｃｒｏｔｕ ｂｕｌｅｓ,ＭＴ)和神经丝 (ｎｅｕｒｏｆｉｌａｍｅｎｔｓ ,ＮＦ)大量堆积 ,单位面积内数量明显减少[3 ] 。这种病理改变与Ｃａ2 + 增加有关[4] 。自由基可引起细胞损伤[5] 。然而 ,氯丙烯是否能引起神经组织内抗氧化系统功能的改变 ?这些改变与Ｃａ2 + 增加是否有关 ?国内外报道不多。为此 ,我们选择一氧化氮、一氧化氮合酶 (ＮＯｓｙｎｔｈａｓｅ ,ＮＯＳ)、超氧化…     

In vitro effect of n-nitrosodiethylamine on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in human erythrocytes

Human erythrocytes were used in vitro to investigate the effect of the hepatocarcinogen N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) on lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR). LPO and erythrocyte haemolysis increased with increasing concentrations of NDEA and with increased exposure time. CAT activity decreased while GR activity increased with both the increasing concentrations of NDEA treatment and exposure time. However, no alteration was observed in SOD enzyme activity. The inhibitory effects of antioxidants and free radical scavengers such as EDTA, succinic acid, sodium benzoate and ascorbic acid were observed. These agents lowered NDEA-induced LPO and haemolysis in erythrocytes. This might indicate that the generation of free radicals and subsequent LPO may play a role, at least in part, in inducing NDEA toxicity.