杨志旭治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎用药规律

目的：探析杨志旭教授治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎）的用药规律。方法：收集2020年2月1日至3月21日杨教授在武汉市金银潭医院救治新冠肺炎患者的50张处方,采用频数法分析用药规律。结果：50张处方涉及57味中药,合计用药频次646次,使用频次>30次的分别为黄芪、贯众、金银花、苦杏仁、百合、麻黄、茯苓、瓜蒌;四气中以寒性多见;五味位居前3位的是甘、苦、辛;归经位居前3位的是肺经、胃经、脾经;功效位居前3位的是清热药、化痰止咳药、补虚药。结论：杨志旭教授治疗新冠肺炎寒温并用、甘苦兼施,以治肺为主,注重固护脾胃,将清热药、化痰止咳药、补虚药协同配伍,以扶正解毒贯穿治疗始终,并根据疾病特点随症加减。     

Raising awareness of learning disability needs in acute sector care: A reflective account of a workshop from the guest facilitator perspective

Nurse education has an essential role to play in reducing health inequality for people with learning disability [Michael, J., 2008. Healthcare for All: Report of the Independent Inquiry into Access to Healthcare for People with Learning Disabilities. Aldridge Press, London]. Many nurse education providers will need to use guest facilitators in order to raise awareness of best practice in caring for this client group for non learning disability branch students and their experiences as nurse educators will be of growing interest. This article critically reflects on an educational session for pre-registration adult branch nursing students which used a variety of teaching methods to facilitate a reflective, student centred, experiential learning approach. Self assessment based on the change between two self rating scales was used to assess learning, the session itself was evaluated by students using a feedback form and through the formal assessment of teaching by a nurse tutor. This article critically evaluates the preparation, delivery and evaluation of the session, emphasising the perspective of the guest facilitator – a practicing community learning disability nurse. The conclusion reflects on key learning from the teaching experience.     

基于数据挖掘的中医药治疗鼻咽癌放疗后口干用药规律分析

目的:使用中医传承辅助系统(TCMISS)对中医内服方药治疗鼻咽癌放疗后口干用药、证型规律等进行分析.方法:检索并筛选1990年1月至2020年5月中国知网(CNKI)、维普资讯中文期刊服务平台及万方数据知识服务平台中关于中医药治疗鼻咽癌放疗后口干临床研究中的中药处方,利用TCMISS构建数据库后,运用关联规则及复杂系...     

柴胡-黄芩药对防治新型冠状病毒肺炎网络药理学分子机制研究

目的基于网络药理学研究柴胡-黄芩药对防治新型冠状病毒肺炎的药物成分,预测作用靶点,并探讨其潜在的作用机制。方法通过中药系统药理学数据库(TCMSP)收集柴胡-黄芩药对的药物成分及相应作用靶点;运用STRING数据库与Cytoscape软件构建"药物成分-靶点"网络和蛋白相互作用网络;通过ClueGO对靶点的基因本体(GO)及KEGG通路进行富集分析。结果以口服生物利用度(OB)和类药性(DL)两个参数为标准,共筛选得到52个药物成分;疾病相关的作用靶点共刷选出41个;通过富集分析得出多条相关的基因本体(GO)功能和KEGG通路。结论该研究结果初步预测了柴胡-黄芩药防治新型冠状病毒肺炎的的主要药物成分、靶点和信号通路,为进一步开展其作用机制的研究提供了新思路和新方向。     

中药治疗特发性肺纤维化系统评价/Meta分析的再评价＊

目的 对中药治疗特发性肺纤维化系统评价/Meta分析进行再评价研究，以期为临床医师及研究者提供更科学的决策支持。方法 检索中药治疗特发性肺纤维化系统评价/Meta分析的文献，筛选文献后提取资料，采用AMSTAR2（A Measurement Tool To Assess Systematic Reviews 2）量表和GRADE（Grade of Recommendation，Assessment，Development，and Evaluation）系统工具进行评估。结果 共纳入14篇文献，106次结局指标；AMSTAR2量表结果示3篇属于低质量，11篇属于极低质量；GRADE分级显示，10次结局指标证据质量等级中等，83次等级低，13次等级极低。结论 中药治疗特发性肺纤维化系统评价/Meta分析的方法学质量为低、极低，结局指标的证据质量等级多为低，高质量、证据强度高级别的系统评价亟需开展，从而作为高级别证据来指导临床。     

经方中半夏的配伍应用规律浅析

详查配伍应用半夏的47首经方、相关77段条文,通过考据药物的应用,认为经方中均选取生半夏,反复热水烫洗后煎煮或伍之蜜、姜汁可达到安全用药的要求。通过对经方比例、病位主症的分析,总结出以下规律:1)半夏主要功效是"下气",配伍他药调畅气机。2)半夏主治病位多在脾胃肠、肺。3)治本为主者,半夏用量多于生姜,治标为主或标本同治者生姜用量多于半夏。4)与乌头、附子相反只是相对而非绝对。5)半夏治痰饮不必拘于寒热。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎的中医辨治探析

基于远程会诊新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)临床资料,结合中医温病理论及国家卫生健康委员会新冠肺炎诊疗方案(试行第五版、试行第六版),提出新冠肺炎以温病卫气营血辨证进行分型,治疗应重视宣降肺气、适时补气健脾、及早通络活血、注意寒温并用、宜施芳香药物、祛湿勿忘四法、判断伤阳伤阴的治则治法,并提出中药煎服方法。     

薄荷-荆芥药对与单味药挥发性成分分析及体外抑菌作用比较

目的:研究薄荷、荆芥配伍前后挥发油成分变化及体外抑菌作用比较,为薄荷-荆芥药对物质基础研究提供实验依据。方法:分别用水蒸气蒸馏法提取薄荷-荆芥药对及薄荷、荆芥单味饮片挥发油,通过GC-MS对其挥发性成分进行对比分析,并进行体外抑菌作用比较。结果:在薄荷挥发油中共鉴定出50种化合物,在荆芥挥发油中共鉴定出41种化合物,在薄荷-荆芥药对挥发油中共鉴定出60种化合物。3种挥发油样品共有化合物27种,薄荷-荆芥药对挥发油中新测得5种化合物,9种化合物未检测到。在体外抑菌作用上,薄荷-荆芥药对及其单味药挥发油对粪肠球菌(ATCC2922),金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC2923),大肠埃希菌(ATCC35218),大肠埃希菌(ATCC25922)均有抑菌作用,其中薄荷-荆芥药对挥发油对粪肠球菌(ATCC2922)和金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC2923)的抑菌作用强于薄荷、荆芥单味药挥发油,对大肠埃希菌(ATCC35218和ATCC25922)的抑制作用,药对挥发油=薄荷挥发油荆芥挥发油。结论:薄荷-荆芥药对挥发油成分组成和相对含量较薄荷、荆芥单味药均有一定变化,薄荷-荆芥药对挥发油的体外抑菌作用略优于单味药挥发油。     

基于脾胃升降理论浅谈花类药在口臭中的应用

口臭的病位主要在脾胃,病机为脾胃蕴热、肺火熏蒸,多以泻脾胃积热、清心泻脾、清肺火等清热之法为治疗大法,常用清胃散、泻黄散等为主方。在辨证的基础上,合理使用花类药物,可通过直接调理脾胃气机,或是通过芳香燥湿、醒脾和胃、调节他脏气机等使脾胃气机升降正常,脾胃气机升降有序,脾可升清,胃可降浊,湿可除,郁热可散,随证加减,口臭自除。     

Short-term pain for long-term gain: The role of experiential avoidance in the relation between anxiety sensitivity and emotional distress

Research has provided evidence of an interactive effect between anxiety sensitivity (AS) and experiential avoidance (EA) in predicting both anxiety and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptomatology. Additionally, theory suggests that EA alleviates distress in the short-term, but exacerbates it in the long-term. The present cross-sectional study was developed to replicate the noted findings and examine the interaction (EA × AS) in the context of an emotionally evocative task. It was predicted that, among high AS participants, high EA would (a) reduce the likelihood of experiencing short-term increases in negative affect following the task, and (b) increase the likelihood of anxiety and PTS symptomatology. Undergraduate participants (N = 199) completed a battery of self-report questionnaires and an emotionally evocative task. As predicted, positive associations were observed between AS and both anxiety and PTS symptoms, but only among high EA participants. Additionally, AS only predicted increases in negative affect following the emotionally evocative task for those with lower levels of EA, thus providing empirical evidence of the affect regulatory function of EA among those who fear anxiety-related bodily sensations. These findings help to elucidate the motives for the use of avoidance among those high in AS. Conceptual and clinical implications are discussed.