癌症患者照顾者角色过渡体验质性研究的Meta整合

目的 系统评价癌症患者照顾者角色过渡体验,明确其支持需求,为后续制订针对性干预措施提供依据。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Embase、EBSCO、Web of Science、中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中收录的有关癌症患者照顾者角色过渡体验的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2022年3月。采用澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准进行文献质量评价,采用汇集性整合的方法进行结果整合。结果 共纳入14篇研究,提炼出65个研究结果,将相近的结果归纳组合成9个新的类别,综合得到3个整合结果：癌症诊断过程漫长复杂,诊断告知方面存在很大挑战,初期照顾者应对困难;采取不同的应对策略帮助患者更好地应对疾病带来的挑战,以期逐渐适应照顾者角色;通过照顾经历获得新衍生的意义和角色成长。结论 医护工作者应关注癌症患者照顾者向新角色过渡的真实体验,可根据照顾者角色特点进行针对性的能力培养及心理干预,促进其角色成功过渡,为后期拟订以家庭为中心的过渡护理计划提供参考依据。     

Facility-Level Case Report of Nursing Care Processes for Patients With Suspected 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease in Shanghai,China

IntroductionCoronavirus disease emerged in Wuhan, China, on December 31, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. Few studies have described the nursing care provided to patients in isolation between suspicion of having the disease and a confirmed diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to describe the treatment of, and nursing care processes for, patients suspected, but not yet confirmed, of having coronavirus disease at 1 facility in Shanghai, China.MethodsFor this retrospective facility case review and patient health record study, data were collected on all patients with suspected coronavirus disease who were treated between January 22, 2020, and February 29, 2020, at 1 hospital. The facility’s nursing care processes were described in detail.ResultsA total of 119 patients were suspected of having coronavirus disease on the basis of the screening criteria. Nine (7.6%) patients had confirmed coronavirus disease and were transferred to a higher level of care. The remaining 110 (92.4%) were treated and discharged. No cross-infection between patients and hospital staff or other patients was detected. The patients’ symptoms included fever (n = 98, 82.4%), cough (n = 79, 66.4%), dizziness (n = 28, 23.5%), headache (n = 26, 21.8%), fatigue (n = 26, 21.8%), myalgia (n = 16, 13.4%), rhinorrhea (n = 6, 5.0%), diarrhea (n = 5, 4.2%), severe nasal congestion (n = 4, 3.4%), and dyspnea (n = 1, 0.8%).DiscussionCoronavirus disease is very contagious. Nurses need to understand the symptoms and treatment of the disease as well as nursing procedures, and learn how to cut off transmission routes, control transmission sources, and use protective equipment correctly to prevent transmission of the disease within the hospital.     

炎症性肠病患者症状群评估量表的编制及信效度检验

目的 编制科学、规范的炎症性肠病患者症状群评估量表,并进行信效度检验。 方法 以症状经历模型为指导,通过文献回顾、德尔菲专家函询形成量表初稿;对条目进行描述性定义后进行小样本预调查,根据患者反馈完善量表。便利选取2019年6月—9月在江苏省4所三级甲等综合医院消化科门诊就诊或住院的150例炎症性肠病患者进行问卷调查。运用SPSS 20.0对数据进行项目分析,测定量表的信效度。 结果 最终形成的炎症性肠病患者症状群评估量表包括18个条目,量表的内容效度指数为0.850,各条目的内容效度指数为0.941~1.000。探索性因子分析提取出5个公因子,累计方差贡献率为77.390%。各因子与总量表间呈正相关,相关系数为0.580~0.857,总量表与炎症性肠病生活质量问卷的相关系数为0.925。总量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.900,重测信度为0.856。 结论 炎症性肠病患者症状群评估量表具有良好的信效度,可引导医护人员精准、针对性地评估患者,为患者制订个性化的症状管理措施提供依据。     

宫颈癌根治术后患者康复期症状体验及心理感受的质性研究

目的 探讨宫颈癌根治术后患者康复期症状体验和心理感受,以期为医护人员全面掌握患者术后症状表现并完善症状管理、促进患者术后康复提供依据。方法 采用现象学研究法,对12例宫颈癌根治术后康复期患者进行半结构式访谈,运用Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行分析。结果 归纳出4个主题,生理层面：疲劳感、排尿功能障碍、下肢功能受损;心理层面：病耻感、未实现疾病自我预防的遗憾、疾病复发的忧虑;家庭层面：夫妻亲密度的改变、恢复正常性生活的困扰;社会层面：社会价值感及自我认同感降低、社交活动及工作方式的改变。结论 宫颈癌根治术后患者康复期面临多方面的困扰,医护人员在康复期应及时对患者的身心健康进行有效的评估和干预,以改善患者的身心健康,提高其生活质量。     

中医医院创建优质护理示范病房体会

介绍我科开展优质护理及中医护理工作情况及具体做法。在开展优质护理服务工作过程中,我科分别从基础设施建设、中医的整体护理观念、辨证施护、情志护理、饮食护理和治未病等几个方面分别介绍。创建优质护理示范病房使患者真正体验到中医护理及优质护理服务,提高生活质量和满意度,突出了中医特色,推动了优质护理服务示范工程的开展。     

青年未婚女性意外妊娠药物流产的质性研究

目的:了解青年未婚女性意外妊娠药物流产患者的真实体验。方法:采用质性研究方法,以目的抽样采用半结构访谈深度挖掘13例青年未婚女性意外妊娠药物流产患者的真实体验,使用主题分析法进行资料分析。结果:共提炼出5个主题心理负担重、避孕知识缺乏、缺乏家庭支持、妊娠与药物流产引起的躯体不适、积极应对与正性启发。结论:意外妊娠药物流产对青年未婚女性身心产生不良影响的同时激发出强烈的避孕知识需求,提醒医护人员在实施流产后关爱(PAC)服务时特别关注这一人群,积极宣传流产与避孕相关知识,使其了解未婚流产的危害,增强自我保护的意识和能力,避免重复流产的发生。     

The experiences of nurses using noninvasive ventilation: An integrative review of the literature

BackgroundNoninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a common treatment delivered in critical care and is imperative in the management of many acute respiratory illnesses. Nurses are integral to the initiation and management of NIV, but there is a paucity of evidence on the experiences of nurses in this role.ObjectivesThe aim of this integrative review was to examine the current available research focused on nurses’ experiences of using NIV across a variety of healthcare settings.MethodsDatabase searches were conducted using EBSCOhost (health) databases, MEDLINE, and Science Direct. Search terms used were combinations of ‘nurs1’ or ‘experience1’ with ‘noninvasive ventilation’, ‘non invasive ventilation’, ‘BiPAP’, ‘CPAP’, or ‘positive airway pressure’. Inclusion criteria were studies that focused on the experiences of nurses using NIV, were peer reviewed and published in English, and had research designs (collected and analysed quantitative and/or qualitative data). The studies that met the inclusion criteria were individually examined and rated in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for critical and interpretive research.ResultsThe literature search returned a possible 279 matches which were shortlisted based on the title and then again by abstract content before being reviewed in full. After application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, eight articles with a mix of qualitative and quantitative study designs were included in the review. The themes of education, communication, and guideline utilisation were common to many of the findings from both interviews and surveys.ConclusionThe research examined in this literature review reported some difficulties associated with NIV use including limited education, communication, and variable guideline use. Despite this, nurses were generally able to use NIV to provide positive patient outcomes.Clinical Trial Registration NumberNA.     

加味栝蒌薤白汤治疗宁夏地区慢性稳定型心绞痛

慢性稳定性心绞痛多发生于老年人,与患者脏腑功能失调、气血阴阳亏损相关,致肝气郁结不舒,脾胃运化失职,初期以气结血热蕴为热毒,久之则气血失调,生湿蕴痰,气滞血瘀,痰浊内生,相互结于体内,使心脉气血不得运行,阻塞而成心痛。作者通过分析宁夏地区饮食习惯,总结其慢性稳定性心绞痛患者易化湿成痰成瘀的特点,综合加味栝蒌薤白汤的理法方药,认为其既可益气补血治疗本虚,又可化痰散瘀治疗标实,在改善胸闷、心痛症状的同时补益体虚,标本兼治,疗效确切。     

Women’s experiences of abnormal Pap smear results – A qualitative study

ObjectivesTo describe women’s experiences of abnormal Pap smear result.MethodsTen women were recruited from a women’s health clinic. Qualitative interviews based on six open-ended questions were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed by content analysis.ResultsThe women believed that their abnormal Pap smear result was indicative of having cancer. This created anxiety in the women, which resulted in the need for emotional support and information. Testing positive with human papillomavirus (HPV) also meant consequences for the relatives as well as concerns about the sexually transmitted nature of the virus. Finally, the women had a need to be treated with respect by the healthcare professionals in order to reduce feelings of being abused.ConclusionsIn general, women have a low level of awareness of HPV and its relation to abnormal Pap smear results. Women who receive abnormal Pap smear results need oral information, based on the individual women’s situation, and delivered at the time the women receive the test result. It is also essential that a good emotional contact be established between the women and the healthcare professionals.     

Understanding Hispanic Patient Satisfaction with Telehealth During COVID-19

BackgroundRecent studies have described the use of telehealth for pediatric surgical care during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to evaluate equity in telehealth use by comparing rates of utilization and satisfaction with pediatric surgical telemedicine among Hispanic patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients seen by a surgical subspecialty provider in the outpatient setting at a quaternary pediatric hospital between April 1 and June 30, 2020. Patients evaluated in the same three-month period in 2019 were analyzed as a historic control. Differences in Family Experience Survey (FES) responses based on race and ethnicity and preferred language of care were assessed using univariable and multivariable generalized linear modeling.ResultsThe pandemic cohort included fewer patients of Hispanic ethnicity and fewer Spanish-speakers. After controlling for visit type, comparison of Spanish-speaking and English-speaking patients revealed that Spanish-speaking families had significantly lower scores for FES items that evaluated healthcare provider explaining (IRR 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61–0.90), listening (IRR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63–0.92), and time spent with the family (IRR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60–0.89). There were no differences in FES responses based on insurance status or degree of medical complexity.ConclusionsTelehealth services were less commonly used among Hispanic and Spanish-speaking patients. Language may differentially affect family satisfaction with healthcare and telehealth solutions. Strategies to mitigate these inequities are needed and may include strengthening interpreter services and providing language-concordant care.Level of evidenceLevel IV.