抗肿瘤多肽类药物的来源及其机制的研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为严重影响人类健康的一种疾病,其治疗手段一直是人们所探索的内容,药物治疗就是其中一种治疗方法。与传统化疗药物相比,抗肿瘤多肽类药物以其分子量小、特异性强、毒性低等特点作为新的治疗肿瘤药物一直广受人们关注。多肽的来源广泛,有存在于天然动植物及微生物体内,也可以通过蛋白质酶解或人工合成得到。近年来,越来越多的多肽类药物被发现除抗菌外还具有抗肿瘤的作用,其抗肿瘤的机制多种多样但尚未完全清楚,是许多研究者研究的重点。本文从多肽类药物的来源与特点及它们的抗肿瘤机制等方面对多肽类药物的研究进展进行综述。     

三七抗肿瘤作用实验研究概况

三七根中可分离出三七皂苷R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6和人参皂苷Rb1、Rd、Re、Rg1、Rg2、Rh1等多种单体皂苷成分,三七总皂苷含量高达12%。已经明确三七总皂苷和部分三七单体皂苷在抗肿瘤方面具有的多种活性:直接抑制肿瘤细胞、促肿瘤细胞凋亡、诱导肿瘤细胞分化、逆转肿瘤细胞多药耐药、抗肿瘤转移等作用。三七在抗肿瘤方面具有很大研究潜力与开发前景,如果能从细胞、分子,或基因水平上更深入进行研究,明确其抗肿瘤的多种机制,将对临床合理应用三七治疗肿瘤产生更重大意义。     

Supervivencia a largo plazo de los fármacos biológicos anti-TNF subcutáneos administrados durante los años 2008-2012 en una cohorte de pacientes con artritis reumatoide

Objective

To compare the survival of subcutaneous anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drugs used between 2008 and 2012 prescribed in accordance with clinical practice.

帕瑞昔布钠的作用机制及最新进展

帕瑞昔布钠是一种新型的COX-2特异性的抑制剂,现已广泛用于临床上预防和治疗中重度疼痛。但近年来发现,帕瑞昔布钠除了具有镇痛作用外还存在其他的一些非镇痛效应。帕瑞昔布钠具有减少脑缺血时神经元的损伤、保护/恶化缺血器官、抗肿瘤以及抗新生血管的形成作用等。这些非镇痛效应为临床上扩大帕瑞昔布钠的应用范围,提供了理论依据。本文对帕瑞昔布钠近年来的作用机制以及最新进展进行综述。     

不同类别抗瘤中药制剂体外影响结直肠癌细胞生长增殖的结局比较

目的 对比分析常用抗瘤中药制剂对结直肠癌细胞生长增殖的影响.方法 将小鼠结直肠癌Colon26细胞以不同浓度分别与亚砷酸（As2O3）、盐酸川芎嗪（LHC）、黄芪（AMB）、苦参素（MOX）、猪苓多糖（PUPS）、青蒿琥酯（ART）、丹参（SMB）、刺五加（APS）等8种不同浓度中药注射液共同孵育,光镜下观察细胞生长增殖状况,台盼蓝染色法进行活细胞计数,噻唑蓝法检测A492值.结果 As2O3、LHC、AMB、MOX、PUPS、ART均抑制Colon26细胞的生长增殖,而SMB、APS发挥促进效应.中药制剂作用后所出现的不同增殖结局均呈现明显的剂量依赖性关系.抑制作用强弱为As2O3＞ ART＞ LHC＞ PUPS＞MOX＞ AMB,促进作用强弱为APS＞ SMB.结论 SMB、APS注射液可促进结直肠癌细胞生长增殖,在结直肠癌患者及具此类肿瘤诱发体质人群的其他疾病治疗中应慎用.     

瞿麦石油醚萃取物抗肿瘤活性组分筛选及其成分分析

目的:诠释瞿麦石油醚萃取物抗肿瘤的药效物质基础。方法:采用色谱法将瞿麦石油醚萃取物分为8个组分,通过MTT比色法筛选各组分抗肿瘤生物活性,并采用气象色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)法分析抗肿瘤活性较好的4个组分的化学成分;选择其中2个组分进一步分离和活性筛选,通过GC-MS分析抗肿瘤活性较好的4个二级组分的化学成分。结果:瞿麦石油醚萃取物分离的各组分均显示不同程度抗肿瘤生物活性;较强活性组分的成分鉴定结果表明,主要化学成分为脂肪酸酯化衍生物和苯酚类化合物。结论:瞿麦石油醚萃取物抗肿瘤药效物质基础主要为脂肪酸酯化衍生物和苯酚类化合物。     

Do anti-tumor necrosis factors induce response and remission in patients with acute refractory Crohn's disease? A systematic meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials

To determine whether anti-tumor necrosis factors induce clinical response and remission in patients with Crohn's disease, PUBMED, OVID, and SCOPUS databases were searched for studies investigated the efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factors on CD. Data were collected from 1966 to 2005 (up to 31 December). Types of outcome investigated were response (decrease in CDAI score >/=70 points) and remission (CDAI score 相似文献   

高能冲击波增强抗癌药物作用的机理研究

采用２００ＳＷ与０．１μｇ／ｍｌ１０－羟基喜树碱单独或联合作用于人膀胱癌细胞（ＢＴ５６３７）实验共分四组，对照组，ＨＥＳＷ组，药物组和联合组，细胞集落形成率测定结果表明，ＨＥＳＷ能增强１０－羟基喜树碱对ＢＴ５６３７癌细胞生长抑制作用，＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入试验和ＦＣＭＤＮＡ含量测定结果证明ＨＥＳＷ不仅增强１０－羟基喜树碱抑制ＢＴ５６３７癌细胞ＤＮＡ合成，而且亦可增强抑制癌细胞分裂能力，由此，初步从细胞     

Uso de fármacos inmunomoduladores en una consulta de uveítis

ObjectiveThe treatment of noninfectious uveitis includes steroids and immunomodulatory drugs, the use of which has increased in the last few years, and the options have been enriched with the development of new treatments. However, clear therapeutic guidelines and protocols have not been developed. The purpose is to analyze the response to the drugs used and the characteristics of the patients treated at a multidisciplinary uveitis clinic.Material and methodsObservational and retrospective study of the patients attended to from January 2012 to December 2015. Infectious, posttraumatic and postoperative uveitis, as well as masquerade syndrome, were excluded.ResultsTwo hundred six patients were included. Overall, 58.80% had uveitis without association of systemic disease, mostly idiopathic uveitis, and 35.65% had uveitis with systemic involvement, mainly related to spondyloarthritis. Uveitis without systemic association and anterior uveitis achieved disease control with local treatment more frequently than others (p = .002 and p < .001, respectively). In all, 49.76% of the patients required systemic treatment. Among those treated with immunomodulators, 53.26% needed a second drug and 31.52% needed a third drug. Women required immunomodulators more often than men (P = .042). Methotrexate was the most widely used immunomodulator. Posterior uveitis responded less favorably to the second immunomodulator than anterior uveitis (p = .006).ConclusionsAlmost half of the patients needed an immunomodulatory drug and some of them required successive drug changes. Intermediate uveitis was the most treatment-refractory uveitis.     

Effects of recombinant human canstatin protein in the treatment of pancreatic cancer

INTRODUCTION The prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer is poor, with or without treatment. The American National Cancer Institute (NCI) reported in its SEER Cancer Statistics Review that there are approximately 27 000 new cases of pancreatic cancer…