志贺菌质粒图谱及耐药谱分析

目的了解深圳市龙岗区志贺菌耐药及质粒谱分布情况。方法对分离来自全区各镇医院的70株志贺菌流行株应用纸片扩散法测定细菌对14种抗生素的敏感性,并采用Kado法进行质粒抽提。结果龙岗区志贺菌耐药情况严重,多重耐药普遍(57.1%),耐药谱型分散,计有36种耐药谱型;共检出8种不同相对分子质量的质粒,120和140 Md单质粒检出率较高,分别为15.7%和54.28%;质粒谱型有12种,但以120和140 Md单质粒谱型为主,合计占69.98%。结论将耐药谱型与质粒谱型进行比较,具有相同质粒谱型的菌株,其耐药谱型可相同,亦可不同,两者关系有待进一步探讨。结合文献报道,估计120 Md是志贺菌毒力质粒,并推测140 Md是否为该地区的R质粒。     

高效液相色谱法测定氯诺昔康薄膜衣片的溶出度

目的:采用高效液相色谱法法定量测定氯诺昔康薄膜衣片的溶出曲线.方法:HPLC法采用Shimadzu VP-ODS柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm),流动相为0.05 mol·L-1醋酸钠(pH 5.8)-甲醇(52:48),检测波长为379 nm.溶出度测定采用中国药典2000年版二部溶出度测定法第三法装置.结果:在浓度9.72～22.68 mg·L-1范围内,线性方程为:C=9.562 8×10-5 A 0.100 5,r=0.999 9,3种剂量组的回收率分别为99.68%(RSD 0.48%),100.5%(RSD 0.39%)和100.3%(RSD 0.69%),重复性好,精密度高.3批样品溶出迅速,批间差异小.结论:本法简单,专属性强,可准确用于氯诺昔康薄膜衣片溶出度的测定.     

黄芩苷对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织基因表达谱的影响

目的 :研究黄芩苷对局灶性脑缺血大鼠脑组织基因表达谱的影响 ,探索黄芩苷治疗脑缺血的药理作用机制。方法 :分别从假手术组、局灶性脑缺血组、黄芩苷治疗组SD大鼠的脑组织中抽提总RNA ,Cy3 ,Cy5荧光标记 ,反转录分别合成cDNA探针后 ,与含有 4096条大鼠基因的BioStar基因表达谱芯片杂交 ,AxonGenepix 40 0 0B扫描仪扫描 ,GenePixPro 3 .0软件分析表达信号。结果 :大鼠局灶性脑缺血组差异表达的基因有 211条 ,其中 12条基因上调 ,199条基因下调。黄芩苷治疗后差异表达的基因有 177条 ,其中有 89条基因上调 ,而 88条基因下调。进一步分析发现 ,1个在模型组下调的基因经黄芩苷治疗后上调 ,3个在模型组上调的基因经黄芩苷治疗后下调 ,3个在模型组上调的基因经黄芩苷治疗后表达进一步增强。结论 :在基因组水平上黄芩苷可能通过多基因 ,多途径调节大鼠脑缺血基因表达谱而发挥药理作用。     

葡萄籽原花青素对动脉粥样硬化兔血脂的调节作用

目的　研究葡萄籽原花青素 (GSP)对动脉粥样硬化(AS)兔血脂的调节作用。方法　 2 4只♂新西兰大白兔随机分为正常对照 (A)组、高脂模型 (B)组、GSP预防干预 (C)组 ,分别饲喂标准、标准 + 1%胆固醇、标准 + 1%胆固醇 + 1%GSP的颗粒饲料 ,于实验开始前 1d和开始后第 1、2、4、8、12wk末取空腹血 ,检测血清甘油三酯 (TG)、总胆固醇 (TC )、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL C)。 12wk末取血后处死 ,取主动脉作病理形态学观察。所有数据经SAS 8 2进行混合模型的变异数分析。结果　与B组比较 ,C组TC、LDL C、TG和TG/HDL C在 12wk时降低 (P <0 0 1) ,HDL C升高 (P <0 0 5)。病理分析显示C组兔主动脉壁厚度和泡沫细胞数量明显较B组减轻 (P <0 0 1)。结论　GSP对血脂有调节作用 ,可通过降低TC、LDL C、TG、TG/HDL C和升高HDL C的作用而发挥抗AS作用 ,并有可能改善胰岛素抵抗状态     

Identifying Work Setting Profile Factors From the Career Pathway Evaluation Program

Objectives. To describe the work factors associated with 28 different career areas as reported by pharmacists who responded to the American Pharmacists Association (APhA) Career Pathway Evaluation Program for Pharmacy Professionals, 2012 Pharmacist Profile SurveyMethods. Data from the 1,119 completed survey instruments from the 2012 Pharmacist Profile Survey were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the underlying factors that best represented respondents’ work setting profiles.Results. Eleven underlying factors were identified for the respondents’ work setting profiles: patient care, application of clinical knowledge, innovation, stress, research, managerial responsibility, work schedule flexibility, job position flexibility, self-actualization, geographic location, and continuity of coworker relationships. Findings revealed variation for these underlying factors among career categories.Conclusion. Variation among pharmacist career types exists. The profiles constructed in this study describe the characteristics of various career paths and can be helpful for decisions regarding educational, experiential, residency, and certification training in pharmacist careers.     

Yoga Training Improves Metabolic Parameters in Obese Boys

Yoga has been known to have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on the metabolic parameters and to be uncomplicated therapy for obesity. The purpose of the present study was to test the effect of an 8-week of yoga-asana training on body composition, lipid profile, and insulin resistance (IR) in obese adolescent boys. Twenty volunteers with body mass index (BMI) greater than the 95th percentile were randomly assigned to yoga (age 14.7±0.5 years, n=10) and control groups (age 14.6±1.0 years, n=10). The yoga group performed exercises three times per week at 40~60% of heart-rate reserve (HRR) for 8 weeks. IR was determined with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). After yoga training, body weight, BMI, fat mass (FM), and body fat % (BF %) were significantly decreased, and fat-free mass and basal metabolic rate were significantly increased than baseline values. FM and BF % were significantly improved in the yoga group compared with the control group (p<0.05). Total cholesterol (TC) was significantly decreased in the yoga group (p<0.01). HDL-cholesterol was decreased in both groups (p<0.05). No significant changes were observed between or within groups for triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Our findings show that an 8-week of yoga training improves body composition and TC levels in obese adolescent boys, suggesting that yoga training may be effective in controlling some metabolic syndrome factors in obese adolescent boys.     

Analytical Quality by Design Approach in RP-HPLC Method Development for the Assay of Etofenamate in Dosage Forms

By considering the current regulatory requirement for an analytical method development, a reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method for routine analysis of etofenamate in dosage form has been optimized using analytical quality by design approach. Unlike routine approach, the present study was initiated with understanding of quality target product profile, analytical target profile and risk assessment for method variables that affect the method response. A liquid chromatography system equipped with a C₁₈ column (250×4.6 mm, 5 μ), a binary pump and photodiode array detector were used in this work. The experiments were conducted based on plan by central composite design, which could save time, reagents and other resources. Sigma Tech software was used to plan and analyses the experimental observations and obtain quadratic process model. The process model was used for predictive solution for retention time. The predicted data from contour diagram for retention time were verified actually and it satisfied with actual experimental data. The optimized method was achieved at 1.2 ml/min flow rate of using mobile phase composition of methanol and 0.2% triethylamine in water at 85:15, % v/v, pH adjusted to 6.5. The method was validated and verified for targeted method performances, robustness and system suitability during method transfer.     

The use of a constant spectrum,uniform temporal profile intense pulsed light source for long‐term hair removal in Asian skin

Phototherapy has become a treatment of choice in many areas of medicine. Light can deliver energy to tissue selectively, targeting specific structures in order to induce the desired therapeutic outcome. For the safe and effective removal of unwanted hair, the key optical parameters are wavelength, pulse duration and energy density, and can vary dependent upon skin and hair color. In recent years, the use of broad spectrum white light sources has proved to be safe and efficacious in the removal of hair with minimal short‐ or long‐term side effects. Whilst these highly flexible devices can achieve the desired results, there is scope for improvement. There are two key limitations to these devices: an inability to produce a ‘true’ long pulse matched to the thermal relaxation time of the hair structure and fluctuations in the output spectrum can lead to ineffective treatment with an increased risk of side effects. This paper describes an alternative approach to producing long pulse, constant spectrum optical pulses and presents clinical data showing improved efficacy in long‐term hair removal.     

Differential effect of cheese fatty acid composition on blood lipid profile and redox status in normolipidemic volunteers: a pilot study

The present study investigated the effect of the consumption of two cheese varieties differing for fat quality on blood lipid profile and redox status biomarkers in 30 selected healthy volunteers, consuming either the experimental cheese (from milk produced by cows fed a grass and maize silage based diet with 5% of linseed oil added) or the control cheese (from normal cows' milk) for 4 weeks according to a crossover design. The experimental cheese had a lower content of medium-chain saturated fatty acids and a higher content of stearic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids; its consumption led to higher levels of vitamins C and E and stearic acid in blood, while myristic acid and oxidized low-density lipoprotein concentrations were significantly lower. As myristic acid and oxidized low-density lipoprotein are highly correlated with increased atherogenic risk and vitamins C and E with antioxidant activity, the enrichment of cows' diet with linseed oil could provide a dietary option to prevent cardiovascular diseases risk.