The ‘limits’ of medicalization?: Modern medicine and the lay populace in ‘late’ modernity

Taking as its point of departure the medicalization thesis and its limitations, this paper provides a critical discussion of certain more recent theoretical perspectives on life in contemporary society, and their relevance for understanding the relationship between modern medicine and the lay populace. In particular, attention is paid to the contours and existential parameters of life in ‘late’ modernity in terms of the following four key themes: (i) modernity as a ‘reflexive’ social order; (ii) ‘risk’ and the dialectic of scientific and social rationality; (iii) the ‘mediation’ of contemporary experience; and (iv) lay ‘re-skilling’ and the ‘life political’ agenda. On the basis of this, it is argued that far from being simply passive and dependent, a ‘critical distance’ is beginning to emerge between modern medicine and the lay populace; a situation which resonates with broader social trends and currents within society at large.     

“E（疫）”时代背景下大学生心理危机干预体系构建的思考

本文探讨信息时代背景下,在校大学生高发心理危机的原因,并倡导高校教学管理人员充分利用当下信息技术成果对在校大学生进行心理评估和常态化心理教育,并依托当前高校信息化建设平台收集相关信息,构建易感大学生的心理危机预警及干预机制,以期将端口前移,更好地保障在校大学生的心理健康。     

基于移动终端的《口腔组织病理学》图谱小程序的开发与评价

目的 探究基于小程序的辅助式教学在口腔医学教学中的应用效果及相关改进与发展建议。方法 通过数字化技术构建包含图例、组织学切片、示意图、知识点手绘图片等在内的内容涵盖广、专业性强的《口腔组织病理学》图谱小程序。利用其依托于微信平台的优势,建设了中英双语标注、师生实时互动交流等功能。选取30名口腔医学生作为研究对象,在其使用图谱小程序前后进行测试,将两次学习成绩使用SPSS 22.0软件进行t检验分析。同时让45名学生使用为期1个月的图谱小程序后对其进行问卷调查,内容包括使用电子图谱的态度,学习过程中使用图谱小程序的满意度与意见,对未来师生共同使用图谱小程序的意见等。结果 在使用图谱小程序辅助学习后,学生的测试成绩各项显著提高。其中,试验组填空题[（17.00±2.61）分 vs. （15.03±1.85）分]、识图题[（27.93±5.08）分 vs. （25.13±3.31）分]与总分[（78.77±8.59）分 vs. （72.90±6.08）分]与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。问卷调查结果显示,学生对于《口腔组织病理学》图谱小程序辅助教学的满意度高、对师生互动功能的认可度高,使用小程序的整体效果好。结论 图谱作为《口腔组织病理学》重要的教学辅助工具之一,在呈现组织结构的直观性与真实性等方面对口腔医学生的理论学习有重要作用。将图谱与电子媒介结合,尤其是利用便携的移动设备,无疑更有益于学生对知识点的掌握。     

紫癜性肾炎患儿肠道菌群变化及临床意义研究

背景目前国内外关于过敏性紫癜（HSP）患儿肠道菌群变化的研究数量有限,且尚未见关于紫癜性肾炎（HSPN）患儿疾病早期肠道菌群变化的相关报道。目的 探讨HSPN患儿肠道菌群的变化及其在疾病发生、发展中的作用。方法 于2019年7—9月选取郑州大学第一附属医院儿科收治的37例HSP初治患儿作为试验组,另外同时选取12例健康志愿儿童作为对照组;并对HSPN患儿随访6个月,根据有无肾损伤进一步分为无肾损伤试验亚组13例和肾损伤试验亚组24例。收集HSP患儿与健康儿童的一般资料及粪便标本,应用高通量测序技术对所有研究对象的肠道菌群进行测序及分析,采用Alpha多样性（Shannon指数、Chao1指数、ACE指数）分析探讨样本内的微生物群落的丰度和多样性,通过主坐标分析（PCoA）来探究不同组别间群落结构的差异,利用线性判别分析及影响因子（LEfSe）分析找到组间差异显著的物种。结果 Alpha多样性分析显示,三组研究对象Shannon指数、Chao1指数、ACE指数比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。PCoA显示,三组研究对象肠道菌群群落结构均有差异（P<0.05）;Adon...     

基于FT-CMR的心脏功能评估参数对心房颤动冷冻球囊消融患者治疗后复发的预测效能分析

目的 探讨分析基于心脏磁共振特征追踪技术(FT-CMR)的心脏功能评估参数对心房颤动冷冻球囊消融患者治疗后复发的预测效能。方法 选取2019年6月至2020年12月收治的126例预行冷冻球囊消融术的心房颤动患者为研究对象,术前均进行心脏磁共振检查,根据术后6个月内患者有无复发将其分为窦性心律组72例和房颤复发组54例。比较两组患者左心房应变及应变率参数,采用FT-CMR评估患者心脏功能,并进行单因素、多因素logistic回归分析,探讨FT-CMR心脏功能评估参数对心房颤动冷冻球囊消融术后复发的预测价值。结果 房颤复发组患者女性、高血压、糖尿病、非阵发性心房颤动比例显著高于窦性心律组(P<0.05)。房颤复发组患者左心房总应变(Es)、左心房正向应变率峰值(SRs)、左心房被动应变(Ee)、心室舒张早期负向应变率峰值(SRe)、左心房整体纵向应变(PLAS)参数值低于窦性心律组(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,性别(OR=3.511,95%CI:1.036～11.906)、PLAS(OR=1.089,95%CI:1.039～1.141)是心房颤动冷冻...     

七年制生物物理技术教学探索

根据七年制医学生培养要求，在“生物物理技术”教学中，除介绍有关物理方法与技术的原理及在生物医学中的应用外，还尝试了小论文写作和渗透科研思路、方法培养的探索。     

Clinical information technology in hospitals: a comparison between the state of Iowa and two provinces in Canada

Despite the growing interest in adopting information technology (IT) in healthcare, the degree of technology sophistication varies among healthcare organizations. Changes in the health care sector and continuous pressure to improve the quality of care have driven the evolution of IT in hospitals. This paper provides an overview of clinical IT sophistication in a sample of U.S. hospitals, and compares clinical IT capacities in this sample with a sample of Canadian hospitals. The instrument used for the comparison measures three clinical dimensions of IT sophistication: functional sophistication, technological sophistication and integration level. Clinical areas that were considered include patient management, patient care activities and clinical support activities. The comparison between hospitals in Iowa and Canada shows differences in clinical IT sophistication between the two settings. Hospitals in Iowa appear to have more technologies but fewer computerized processes and integration of patient management activities. Technological sophistication however, was low in both samples. Our findings confirm the construct validity of the measurement instrument and show initial evidence of its generalizability. More initiatives using the instrument would lead to enhancement in IT assessment tools that can be used for evaluation of IT in relation to patient management and quality outcomes.     

cDNA arrays: gene expression profiles of Hodgkin's disease and anaplastic large cell lymphoma cell lines

cDNA arrays are a powerful tool for the identification of differentially expressed genes in malignant tumors. We used this technique to study the gene expression profiles of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and Hodgkin's disease (HD). Gene expression of 11 lymphoma cell lines was analyzed covering 1176 cDNA sequences. Comparing these data to the expression profiles of B- and T-lymphocytes, we identified 27 genes that were deregulated in all cell lines or in a particular entity. For the establishment of gene expression profiles the 27 genes were assigned to four groups composed of genes deregulated in (i) all lymphoma cell lines, (ii) ALCL and HD, (iii) only HD, and (iv) ALCL exclusively. Our results indicate that ALCL and HD share the differential expression of at least five genes. In addition, both entities are characterized by the differentially deregulated expression of four genes in HD and seven genes in ALCL. Because the expression profiling was performed on cell lines, further studies are needed to clarify the biological significance of the differentially expressed genes.     

Impact of elective single embryo transfer on the twin pregnancy rate

BACKGROUND: It is unclear how the implementation of elective single embryo transfer in clinical practice would affect clinical pregnancy and delivery rates and multiple birth rates. METHODS: This retrospective study analysed 1871 IVF/ICSI cycles carried out from 1997 to 2001 in the IVF programme of a single university infertility clinic. RESULTS: The number of elective single embryo transfers increased from 11 to 56%. At the same time the clinical pregnancy rate was relatively stable; mean 34.0% (range 28-42). The number of embryos per embryo transfer decreased from 1.8 to 1.3. The multiple pregnancy and delivery rates dropped markedly from 25 to 7.5% and from 25 to 5% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: An elective single embryo transfer programme can be adopted in daily practice that decreases the twinning rate to <10% and does not affect the overall pregnancy rate.