亚像素断层图像配准数据集的建立

目的针对数字化冰冻铣切断层图像的特点,探讨一种实用的高精度图像配准方法,建立基于数字化断层图像的亚像素级配准数据集。方法采用冰冻铣切技术获取成年男性头颈标本的冰冻连续断层图像,在M atlab软件中自动提取定标点图像特征,采用基于2点的刚体变换算法实现图像的自动配准。结果配准后图像定标点与基准配准点的误差小于1个像素,达到亚像素水平。结论采用外定标的图像配准算法可建立亚像素级的配准数据集,定位标记物的准确识别是获得亚像素级配准数据集的保证。     

上矢状窦旁桥静脉的显微解剖与影像学观察

目的:通过对上矢状窦(SSS)旁大脑桥静脉的显微解剖、影像学观察及其对照研究,为各种纵裂间手术入路中桥静脉的保护提供基础。方法:分别对30例(60侧)上矢状窦和颈内静脉内灌注蓝色乳胶的成人头颅湿标本、40侧DSA静脉相和16侧CTV进行显微解剖和影像学观察。结果:上矢状窦前部和后部分别有一缺乏桥静脉注入段,显微解剖、DSA和CTV观察上矢状窦旁桥静脉的数量分别为11.2支、8.9支和7.0支,DSA和CTV观察发现桥静脉注入上矢状窦处常显示不清。结论:熟悉和比较上矢状窦旁桥静脉的解剖学和影像学特征有利于各种纵裂间手术入路和手术过程中桥静脉的保护。     

医院图书馆数字化学习环境建设初探

因为数字化学习环境是未来图书馆事业的发展趋势,文章从图书馆数字化学习环境的内涵开始,分析了医院图书馆数字化学习环境建设的必要性及其现实的可行性,提出了图书馆软件环境和硬件环境的建设及两者的有机结合是医院图书馆数字化学习环境建设的重要保障。     

Ultrastructural histochemistry of infantile digital fibromatosis

A case of infantile digital fibromatosis was studied by light and electron microscopic histochemistry. Using two different acidic solutions of phosphotungstic acid at varying pHs, the round inclusions characteristic of this tumor were shown to have a high protein content with little or no carbohydrate. The histochemical reactivity of the inclusions was similar to that of the cytoplasmic microfibrils in the tumors cells and consistent with the idea that both the inclusions and the microfibrils represent actin. There is, however, no definite proof that the tumor cells are myofibroblasts. At the present time, this tumor should be viewed as a peculiar expression of deranged assembly or metabolism of filamentous proteins or both.     

How to Optimize Radiological Images Captured from Digital Cameras, Using the Adobe Photoshop 6.0 Program

Over the past decade, the technology that permits images to be digitized and the reduction in the cost of digital equipment allows quick digital transfer of any conventional radiological film. Images then can be transferred to a personal computer, and several software programs are available that can manipulate their digital appearance. In this article, the fundamentals of digital imaging are discussed, as well as the wide variety of optional adjustments that the Adobe Photoshop 6.0 (Adobe Systems, San Jose, CA) program can offer to present radiological images with satisfactory digital imaging quality.     

旋髂深动脉穿支骨皮瓣3D可视化模型的制备

目的：建立旋髂深动脉及穿支的数字化可视模型，为临床上旋髂深动脉穿支骨皮瓣的设计与安全截取提供形态学基础。方法：2具新鲜男尸，分别采用羧甲基纤维素／氧化铅水凝胶及明胶／氧化铅行一次性全身动脉造影，并进行连续螺旋CT扫描，运用Mimics软件，在计算机上对腰区相关重要结构进行计算机三维重建和立体显示。结果：该数字化可视模型能够清晰显示髋骨、髂外动脉、旋髂深动脉及其供血皮瓣的形态、位置及毗邻关系，并可任意方向的旋转观察。结论：重建的三维模型可以提供正常腰区皮瓣的三维动态解剖，为临床术前皮瓣设计提供了直观的数字化解剖依据。     

序列解剖层片的全局和局部色彩校正

本研究提出了一种全局和局部相结合的序列解剖层片的色彩校正算法。利用数字人层片（中国女婴一号）上提供的彩色灰度卡对相邻层片间各颜色通道的色彩差异进行全局校正，以消除解剖数据集沿垂直方向的光照变化；再利用线性校正模型和差值图像各通道（R、G、B）的灰度局部直方图，对解剖数据集进行局部色彩差异校正。重建结果表明，经过全局和局部色彩校正后，重建视图中的明暗条纹基本消失，说明层片间颜色的不连续现象得到了校正。     

教育心理学和教学效益相关性的研究

本研究在罗马尼亚Oradea大学医药学院进行，始于1998年，结束于2003年。研究的出发点为该学院的学生们提出不少的教师，包括一些国内外知名的学者和医生，因缺乏教育心理学知识，不能很好地理解学生，组织教学和传授知识。因此，本研究设置了问卷调查，学院向教员开设了教育心理学课程(1998年10月～1999年7月)，与学生和教师座谈，统计并比较学生的考试成绩，特别地跟踪研究全国年度(1999年～2003年)医学证书汇考结果。研究结果客观地证实了教育心理学能够提高学习(工作)效益和成果，因为教育心理学知识使得教师(和医师)更好地与学生(或病人)沟通、理解和组织、合作。     

Assessment of PACS Display Systems

This work describes our experience in reviewing the performance criteria for display systems and how we have implemented a practical approach to the assessment of the workstation environment in a large tertiary care hospital. The acceptance criteria contained in the draft report of Topic Group 18 of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) were used as a basis for assessment of primary and secondary displays. A telescopic photometer was used to measure the maximum luminance and the contrast ratio of the image for the displays used in our radiology department and in the operating and emergency rooms using the standard Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) pattern, in ambient light and with light decreased as much as possible. About half of the displays met the AAPM criteria for minimum luminance and contrast ratio in low light. None of the systems met the contrast ratio criteria in ambient light. The challenges in improving the performance and calibrating displays are discussed.     

The Digital Imaging Workstation

Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are expected to convert film-based radiology into a computer-based digital environment, with associated cost savings and improved physician communication. The digital workstation will be used by physicians to display these soft-copy images; however, difficult technical challenges must be met for the workstation to compete successfully with the familiar viewbox. Issues relating to image perception and the impact on physicians practice must be carefully considered. The spatial and contrast resolutions required vary according to imaging modality, type of procedure, and class of user. Rule-based software allows simple physician interaction and speeds image display. A consensus appears to be emerging concerning the requirements for the PACS workstation. Standards such as the American College of Radiology/National Electrical Manufacturers Association Digital Imaging and Communication Standard are facilitating commercial applications. Yet much careful study is needed before PACS workstations will be fully integrated into radiology departments. Abbreviations: CRT = cathode ray tube, H&D = Hurter and Drifield, PACS = picture archiving and communication system, ROC = receiver operating characteristic, S/N = signal-to-noise ratio. Partially supported by grant HL-33332 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood institute, U.S. Public Health Service. Address reprint requests to R.L.A. Copyright © 1990 by the Radiological Society of North America. Radiology 176:303-315, 1990. Reprinted with permission.