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71.
益气养阴清热法合化疗治疗急性髓细胞白血病 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的 :探讨益气养阴清热法为基本治法配合化疗治疗急性髓细胞白血病的临床疗效。方法 :用黄芪、太子参、白术、生地、黄精、天门冬、麦门冬、白花蛇舌草、半枝莲、小蓟、蒲公英、甘草组方。配合 DA、HA、IA等联合化疗方案。部分 M3 患者应用维甲酸、亚砷酸治疗。部分患者静脉滴注榄香稀乳、参脉、丹参等辅助治疗。结果 :1 5 6例完全缓解 1 1 3例 ,完全缓解率 72 .4% ;部分缓解 2 0例 ,部分缓解率 1 2 .8% ;总缓解率 85 .3% ;3年生存率 37.2 % ,5年生存率 2 2 .1 %。 32例老年患者完全缓解率 43.8% ,明显低于其他年龄段 ( P<0 .0 1 )。应用维甲酸治疗的 1 8例 M3 完全缓解 1 5例 ,完全缓解率 83.3%。亚砷酸治疗 3例完全缓解 2例。结论 :益气养阴清热法作为中医的基本治法治疗急性髓细胞白血病符合临床实际。中西医结合治疗急性髓细胞白血病缓解率高 ,患者易于接受 ,有比较高的实用价值。其中提示老年患者治疗比较困难。 相似文献
72.
73.
74.
Design and conduct of occupational epidemiology studies: I. Design aspects of cohort studies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cohort and case-control studies are two standard approaches for investigating the etiology of occupational diseases. This paper, which is the first of a four-part series, contains a review of the design features of occupational cohort studies. Topics discussed include the basic features of prospective and historical cohort studies, options for defining the cohort, disease incidence ascertainment, and considerations involved in planning an occupational cohort study. Subsequent papers in this series will focus on data analysis of occupational cohort studies and the design and analysis of occupational case-control studies. 相似文献
75.
浅议病理生理学教学改革 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
本文从病理生理学理论和实验教学两个方面论述了病理生理学方法的改革与实践。教学模式变学生被动为自主学习,在传授知识同时注重培养学生自学创新能力。 相似文献
76.
77.
Comparison of computer-assisted learning with tutorial teaching in a group of first-year dental students 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Two identical groups of first-year dental students were instructed in the pathology of dental caries and periodontitis using computer-assisted learning (CAL) or tutorial teaching (TT). A cross-over arrangement, in which the first group was taught about dental caries by CAL and periodontitis by TT and the second group in the reverse order, allowed comparison of the two methods. The comparison included a knowledge test and completion of a questionnaire. CAL and TT were equally effective as far as acquisition of knowledge was concerned. Students felt pressurized with CAL and had problems with note-taking. They liked a teacher to be present. Nevertheless, CAL was an acceptable method of instruction and was more economical, in terms of staff involvement, than TT. 相似文献
78.
One of the advantages of polyurethane foam-covered prostheses has been that in the first 5 to 10 years after their use, the
amount of capsular contraction was found much less than when similar ``slick' prostheses were used. Another advance was their
fixation to the surrounding tissue thus giving a more natural appearance and movement with the muscles when the arms were
moved in any direction. The formation of a thick capsule also acted as a protection against gel granuloma due to rupture of
the prosthesis and has been thought to be a factor in the lower capsule contraction rate. The greatest disadvantage has been
that its removal was extremely difficult and this has continued up until the technique described in this paper has been introduced. 相似文献
79.
The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of an educational intervention on medical students' attitudes toward social and sexual contact with patients by doctors from three medical specialties (general practice, obstetrics/gynaecology and psychiatry). Medical students from two consecutive fifth year classes at one medical school participated in one 3 hour session that included instruction on the standards of the profession that prohibit doctor–patient sexual contact. Students were assigned to either intervention groups or control groups and responded to an anonymous questionnaire (overall response rate 66·8% ; n=141). As many as 14·5% of control group students thought it was (sometimes or usually) appropriate for general practitioners to date their own patients and at least 3% thought it appropriate for members of any of these three medical specialties to engage in sexual contact with their own patients. However, there were no significant differences in attitudes toward hugging, dating or sexual contact with current patients between those who had attended the seminar and the control groups. The session significantly influenced attitudes regarding obstetrician/gynaecologists and psychiatrists hugging and having sexual contact with former patients. These findings are discussed in relation to a need for expansion of such instruction. 相似文献
80.
A Ojanlatva P Rautava L Hyssälä L Koivusilta G Nikolakaros M Rimpelä 《Medical education》1995,29(3):205-210
As a part of any curriculum reorganization, new instructional methods are also tested. When the University of Turku sociology of medicine course was found to need renovation, its goals and objectives, content and instructional methods were closely examined and modified, in order to strengthen institutional and multiprofessional relations and reinforce sociocultural issues in doctors' competence with the patient. This paper discusses this change, emphasizing teaching and learning methodology. 相似文献