HPLC测定棉油皂脚中棉酚含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定棉油皂脚中总棉酚（TGP）与游离棉酚（FGP）含量的方法。方法采用WatersBondapak C18 Column（3.9 mm×150 mm,4μm）;流动相为乙腈-0.7%磷酸水溶液（80∶20）;流速为1.0 mL.min-1;检测波长为238 nm;柱温为25℃。结果棉酚在10～60μg.mL-1（r=0.999 4）内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率为99.03%,RSD=1.72%（n=3）。结论本法简便、快速、准确、重复性高,可用于对棉油皂脚中棉酚的含量测定。     

无腺体棉籽蛋白粉的营养与食品卫生学研究

本文对无腺体棉籽蛋白粉和脱毒有腺体棉籽蛋白粉进行了营养学与食品卫生学研究。无腺体棉籽蛋白营养价值较高,接近酪蛋白,且食品卫生较为安全,有可能作为一种质量优良的蛋白质来源。而脱毒有腺体棉籽蛋白营养价值及食品卫生安全性稍差,主要是残留的游离棉酚所致。因此,棉籽蛋白应用于人类食用之前还应经过严格的食品毒理学鉴定。当上述棉籽蛋白质分别与少量酪蛋白(7:3)混合时,各自的营养价值得到提高与酪蛋白相当。     

非常规饲料资源——全棉籽在奶牛生产中应用前景

全棉籽是高能量、高蛋白、高有效纤维的饲粮,随着蛋白饲料资源的短缺和脱酚技术的发展及低酚棉花的种植,棉籽在奶牛日粮中的应用越来越广泛。本文就全棉籽的营养水平、对奶牛生产性能的影响等方面做一简要概述。     

Preparation of an edible cottonseed protein concentrate and evaluation of its functional properties

Cottonseed could be used as a source of dietary protein for human food production. The cottonseed component, gossypol, is toxic, however, which has limited the potential of cottonseed in human food production. Free gossypol was removed from glanded cottonseed using a two-stage solvent extraction method utilizing aqueous and anhydrous acetone. A cottonseed protein concentrate with a low level of free gossypol and a protein content of 72.2% was obtained. The cottonseed protein concentrate had good organoleptic characteristics, and had functional properties allowing its use as a food additive.     

Effects of fermented cottonseed meal on growth performance,serum biochemical parameters,immune functions,antioxidative abilities,and cecal microflora in broilers

The study was to investigate the effects of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, immune functions, antioxidative abilities, and cecal microflora in broilers. The cottonseed meal (CSM) was fermented with Bacillus subtilis ST-141 and Saccharomycetes N5. Hundred and twenty-eight one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four groups: a corn-soybean meal (SBM) basal diet, and three experimental diets (CSM, FCSM-1, and FCSM-2) in which the control diet was supplemented with CSM or FCSM to partially replace SBM. Results showed that the fermentation process can effectively decrease free gossypol level, and increase acid-soluble protein level in CSM. The levels of immunoglobulin, biochemical parameters, antioxidative abilities in serum or liver tissue, and Lactobacilli and total anaerobic bacteria counts in ceca digesta of birds fed FCSM-1 were improved compared with birds fed CSM or FCSM-2 on days 21 and 42. So FCSM can be effectively applied in broiler diets.     

Consumption of a Diet Rich in Cottonseed Oil (CSO) Lowers Total and LDL Cholesterol in Normo-Cholesterolemic Subjects

Animal data indicates that dietary cottonseed oil (CSO) may lower cholesterol; however, the effects of a CSO-rich diet have not been evaluated in humans. Thirty-eight healthy adults (aged 18%#x2013;40; 12 males, 26 females) consumed a CSO rich diet (95 g CSO daily) for one week. Anthropometric measurements were obtained, and blood was drawn pre- and post-intervention. Serum lipids (total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), and free fatty acids (FFA)) were assayed. There was no change in weight or waist circumference among participants. There was no change in HDL (Pre: 1.27 ± 0.4 mmol/L; Post: 1.21 ± 0.3 mmol/L) or TG (Pre: 0.91 ± 0.6 mmol/L; Post: 1.06 ± 1.0 mmol/L). Total cholesterol and LDL were reduced (TC Pre: 4.39 ± 0.9 mmol/L; Post: 4.16 ± 0.8 mmol/L; LDL Pre: 2.70 ± 0.8 mmol/L; Post: 2.47 ± 0.6 mmol/L). When data were grouped by sex, total cholesterol was reduced in female participants (Pre: 4.34 ± 0.9 mmol/L; Post: 4.09 ± 0.8 mmol/L). Consumption of a high fat, CSO-rich diet for one week reduced total cholesterol in female participants without reducing HDL.     

棉籽总黄酮在大鼠慢性应激模型中的抗抑郁活性及其对海马神经营养通路的影响

目的探讨棉籽总黄酮(代号CTN-T)的抗抑郁作用及其可能机理。方法连续15d以每日1次的频率给予大鼠一系列不可预知的应激刺激以建立慢性复合应激模型,每次应激刺激前给予CTN-T(50或100mg.kg-1,ig)或地昔帕明(10mg.kg-1,ip)。采用Videomex-V运动图像分析系统观察大鼠敞箱自发活动行为,ELISA法检测血清皮质酮含量,Western印迹法检测海马脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、磷酸化cAMP反应元件结合蛋白(pCREB)、磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶(pERK1/2)蛋白表达水平的变化。结果慢性复合应激15d后,大鼠自发活动显著减少,血清皮质酮含量显著升高。海马BDNF,pCREB和pERK1/2蛋白表达显著下调。每次应激刺激前给予CTN-T或地昔帕明可逆转上述变化。结论CTN-T在大鼠慢性应激模型上具有抗抑郁作用,其作用机制可能与上调海马BDNF相关的信号传导通路活性,改善神经营养和神经可塑性有关。     

HPLC法测定食用棉籽蛋白中棉酚含量

目的 :用HPLC法测定棉籽蛋白中总棉酚 (TGP)与游离棉酚 (FGP)含量。方法 :将棉籽蛋白中结合棉酚(UGP)水解 ,提取TGP ,以丙酮浸提棉籽蛋白 ,浓缩FGP后 ,以HPLC法测定含量。结果 :两种蛋白粉中总棉酚的含量为 :0 .4 6 6 3% (RSD =2 .3% ,n =3)和 1.0 5 3% (RSD =4 .7% ,n =3)。两种蛋白粉中游离棉酚含量 (mg·kg-1)分别为 :39.4 1(RSD =2 .4 % ,n =3)、6 .340 (RSD =2 .9% ,n =3) ,回收率为 95 .30 %～ 10 1.7%。结论 :该法测定准确可靠灵敏     

Characterization of a Hot-Melt Fluid Bed Coating Process for Fine Granules

The equipment modifications and process changes necessary to perform hot-melt particle coating in a fluid bed granulator are reviewed. A specific case is presented in which partially hydrogenated cottonseed oil is coated onto fine granules (mean particle size, 77 µm; range, 10–150 µm; one standard deviation is 10 µm) composed of a hydrophobic drug and sucrose. The major variables were product bed temperature, temperature of the wax, spray rate, and atomization air pressure. The product bed temperature was selected to give the optimum congealing rate, and the latter three variables were varied in a statistically designed experiment. The physical properties of wax-coated granules fabricated using combinations of process variables were examined. Response surface analysis was used to determine the optimum process settings in terms of dissolution, particle size, and density of the coated product. This system proved quite adequate for the production of uniformly coated granules, with the best product being obtained at the optimized conditions using 120°C atomization air and molten coating temperature, 30 g/min as the spray rate, and an atomization air pressure of 5 bar.     

去黄曲霉毒素灵对棉籽油中棉酚的吸附效果观察

按照中华人民共和国卫生部发布的方法（食品卫生检验方法理化部分），测定棉籽油中棉酚和黄曲雹毒素的含量，井探讨去黄曲霉毒素灵对棉籽油中黄曲霉毒素和棉酚的吸附除去能力。结果显示，去黄曲霉毒素灵不但能除去棉籽油中的黄曲霉毒素，而且还具有一定的除去棉酚的能力。但粗棉籽油含棉酚量较高（１１８３．３１ｍｇ／Ｌ），必须经过精炼，降低其棉酚的含量，再用去黄曲霉毒素灵除去油中的棉酚，棉籽油中的棉酚含量可望达到食用植物油的国家卫生标准。