ALK阳性间变性大细胞淋巴瘤临床病理研究进展

约半数的间变性大细胞淋巴瘤（ALCL）病人中存在间变性淋巴瘤激酶（ALK）基因异常，ALK蛋白的异常激活使ALK阳性ALCL具有其典型的临床病理特征，并为ALK阳性ALCL的治疗提供新的靶点，提示ALK阳性ALCL的淋巴瘤可归类为一独立病种。     

莲子心中酚性生物碱3种主要成分定量分析及其特征图谱研究

目的:建立同时测定莲子心中酚性生物碱:莲心碱、异莲心碱、甲基莲心碱含量的RP-HPLC法以及酚性生物碱的特征图谱.方法:采用RP-HPLC法,流动相为乙腈-水-三乙胺(25∶75∶0.1,用磷酸调pH3.3),紫外检测波长282 nm,流速0.8 mL·min-1,进样量20 μL.结果:莲心碱、异莲心碱、甲基莲心碱线性方程显示线性关系良好.特征图谱研究确定了酚性生物碱16个共有峰.结论:本方法简便、准确,重现性好,专属性强,可为莲子心中生物碱类物质标准提取物质量控制提供参考.     

Characteristic expression profiles induced by genotoxic carcinogens in rat liver.

When applied in toxicological studies, the recently developed gene expression profiling techniques using microarrays, which brought forth the new field of toxicogenomics, facilitate the interpretation of a toxic compound's mechanism of action. In this study, we investigated whether genotoxic carcinogens at doses known to induce liver tumors in the 2-year rat bioassay deregulate a common set of genes in a short-term in vivo study and, if so, whether these deregulated genes represent defined biological pathways. Rats were dosed with the four genotoxic hepatocarcinogens dimethylnitrosamine (4 mg/kg/day), 2-nitrofluorene (44 mg/kg/day), aflatoxin B1 (0.24 mg/kg/day), and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK, 20 mg/kg/day). After treatment for up to 14 days, the expression profiles of the livers were analyzed on Affymetrix RG_U34A microarrays. Among the significantly upregulated genes were a set of target genes of the tumor suppressor protein p53, indicating a DNA damage response. Such a response was expected and, therefore, confirmed the validity of our approach. In addition, the gene expression changes suggest a specific detoxification response, the activation of proliferative and survival signaling pathways, and some cell structural changes. These responses were strong throughout the 14 day time course for 2-nitrofluorene and aflatoxin B1; in the case of dimethylnitrosamine and NNK, the effects were weakly detectable at day 1 and then increased with time. For dimethylnitrosamine and aflatoxin B1, which caused observable inflammation in vivo, we found a corresponding upregulation of inflammatory genes at the same time points. Thus, by the toxicogenomic analysis of short-term in vivo studies, we identified genes and pathways commonly deregulated by genotoxic carcinogens, which may be indicative for the early events in tumorigenesis and, thus, predictive of later tumor development.     

缓释辅料对三七总皂苷缓释片中人参皂苷Rg1,Rb1释药特性的影响

目的 :探讨缓释辅料对三七总皂苷缓释片中人参皂苷Rg₁,Rb₁释药特性的影响。方法 :通过考察由HPMC和EC 2种缓释辅料 ,不同黏度规格的EC ,以及EC的不同用量制成的缓释骨架片 ,测定人参皂苷Rg₁,Rb₁在这些缓释片中的释放度。结果 :缓释辅料的种类 ,规格及用量均影响人参皂苷Rg₁,Rb₁的释药特性 ,在各缓释片中人参皂苷Rg₁,Rb₁间的释药行为也存在差异。结论 :中药有效部位缓释制剂研究中应当重视有效成分间释药特性的异同。     

当归微粉的特征及对阿魏酸溶出的影响

目的:比较当归普通粉和微粉的粉体学特征、水溶性及醇溶性浸出物含量、指标成分阿魏酸溶出量,探索微粉化技术在当归中的应用价值.方法:通过激光粒度分析仪对普通粉和微粉进行表征,扫描电镜(SEM)观察普通粉和细粉的表面形态,测定粉体学参数休止角和堆密度,冷浸法测定水溶性及热浸法测定醇溶性溶出物的含量,利用超声提取进行水溶性指标成分阿魏酸的溶出实验,采用HPLC测定阿魏酸的含量.结果:当归普通粉和微粉的粉体学特征及表面形态差异显著,但水溶性及醇溶性浸出物量、水溶性指标成分阿魏酸的溶出差别不大.结论:微粉化应用于当归,通过对粉体学特征的影响而影响其制剂学性质,但不能显著提高其醇溶性及水溶性浸出物和指标成分阿魏酸的溶出量,生产中不宜对当归进行微粉化.     

人文社科期刊国际化研究综述

【目的】 人文社科期刊国际化是全球人文思想传播和文化交流的重要方式,随着中国特色哲学社会科学“三大体系”工作的推进,人文社科期刊国际化成为新文科建设理念下一个紧迫的研究课题。【方法】 以CNKI、WoS、Google Scholar为文献来源,结合计量方法获取相关文献,通过文献阅读法,构建“抽象化—具体化—标准化”的研究思路。【结果】 对人文社科期刊国际化的基础研究、特征标准、评价指标“三方内容”进行综述,分析人文社科期刊国际化研究存在的“四个挑战”:发展进程缓慢、意识形态差异、评价体系构建难题、期刊自身制约。【结论】 对未来人文社科期刊研究提出了加强基础研究、解决国际本土之争、深化区域合作、推动数据驱动、创新评价方法的“五大展望”。     

Risk stratification for mortality in cardiovascular disease survivors: A survival conditional inference tree analysis

Background and aimsEfficient analysis strategies for complex network with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification remain lacking. We sought to identify an optimized model to study CVD prognosis using survival conditional inference tree (SCTREE), a machine-learning method.Methods and resultsWe identified 5379 new onset CVD from 2006 (baseline) to May, 2017 in the Kailuan I study including 101,510 participants (the training dataset). The second cohort composing 1,287 CVD survivors was used to validate the algorithm (the Kailuan II study, n = 57,511). All variables (e.g., age, sex, family history of CVD, metabolic risk factors, renal function indexes, heart rate, atrial fibrillation, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein) were measured at baseline and biennially during the follow-up period. Up to December 2017, we documented 1,104 deaths after CVD in the Kailuan I study and 170 deaths in the Kailuan II study. Older age, hyperglycemia and proteinuria were identified by the SCTREE as main predictors of post-CVD mortality. CVD survivors in the high risk group (presence of 2–3 of these top risk factors), had higher mortality risk in the training dataset (hazard ratio (HR): 5.41; 95% confidence Interval (CI): 4.49–6.52) and in the validation dataset (HR: 6.04; 95%CI: 3.59–10.2), than those in the lowest risk group (presence of 0–1 of these factors).ConclusionOlder age, hyperglycemia and proteinuria were the main predictors of post-CVD mortality.Trial registrationChiCTR-TNRC-11001489.     

医学检验技术专业特色建设的思考

为探讨高职高专检验专业特色建设的思路和措施。分析中原经济建设的发展对检验行业的人才需求和检验工作岗位现状,从完善教学模式、健全制度、优化师资结构、合理配置教学资源等方面提出医学检验专业特色建设相应措施。检验专业特色建设重在提高教学质量,提高系部的内涵建设,培养适应河南医疗卫生事业发展的高素质技能型检验专门人才。     

2006—2019年广州市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征分析

目的 掌握广州市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件规律和特点,为提高其有效应对和防控提供科学依据。 方法 收集2006—2019年国家“突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统” 报告的广州市食物中毒突发公共卫生事件,应用描述性流行病学方法进行统计和分析。 结果 研究的14年间,广州市共报告食物中毒突发公共卫生事件89起,原因查明率为94.38%,中毒人数2 692人,死亡11人。69.66%的事件发生在5—9月。75.28%的事件致病因素是细菌,副溶血弧菌是细菌性食物中毒事件的首要致病菌,63.64%的死亡病例归因植物性食物中毒,78.65%的事件中毒场所在集体食堂。事件持续时间的中位数为13.50 h(范围为:0~135.33 h)。首例病例发生时间到接报的中位数是0.60 d(范围为:0.04~5.69 d),r=0.601,P＜0.01。 结论 加强食物中毒事件和食品安全风险监测,尽早介入处置,加强针对性的宣传,落实重点场所防控督导巡查,将有助于减少食物中毒事件发生和危害影响。