Antioxidant and pro-oxidant properties of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ): implications for its function in biological systems

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a novel redox cofactor recently found in human milk. It has been reported to function as an essential nutrient, antioxidant and redox modulator in cell culture experiments and in animal models of human diseases. As mitochondria are particularly susceptible to oxidative damage we studied the antioxidant properties of PQQ in isolated rat liver mitochondria. PQQ was an effective antioxidant protecting mitochondria against oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl formation and inactivation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. In contrast, PQQ caused extensive cell death to cells in culture. This surprising effect was inhibited by catalase, and was shown to be due to the generation of hydrogen peroxide during the autoxidation of PQQ in culture medium. We conclude that the reactivities of PQQ are dependent on its environment and that it can act as an antioxidant or a pro-oxidant in different biological systems.     

Enhancement of proteolytic processing of the beta-amyloid precursor protein by hyperforin

We studied the effect of hyperforin, a component of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) extracts, on the processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, stably transfected with human wildtype APP. We observed transiently increased release of secretory APP fragments upon hyperforin treatment. Unique features, like a strong reduction of intracellular APP and the time course of soluble APP release, distinguished the effects of hyperforin from those of alkalizing agents and phorbol esters, well known activators of secretory processing of APP. Carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP), a protonophore, induced an almost identical decrease in intracellular pH in PC12 cells as does hyperforin. Despite this, FCCP induced a less pronounced release of soluble APP fragments and only slightly reduced intracellular APP levels. These results suggest that hyperforin is an activator of secretory processing of APP with a novel mechanism of action not solely dependent on its effects on intracellular pH.     

经后路椎间盘镜髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的 探讨腰椎间盘镜治疗腰椎间盘突出症的进路、疗效及适应症。方法2000年10月-2003年5月采用脊柱后路腰椎间盘镜行髓核摘除术共治疗78例腰椎间盘突出症患者,术中通过“C”型臂X线机引导准确定位,电视监视下咬除少量椎板下缘及黄韧带,保留上下关节突、显露硬膜囊,神经根及突出椎间盘、摘除髓核组织,必要时清理或扩大神经根通道。结果 本组共治疗78例腰椎间盘突出症,随访1月-2年零3月,平均11个月,按Nakai标准评定,优65例,良9例,可4例,无复发,无神经根损伤及硬膜囊撕裂病例。1例并发椎间盘炎。结论 后路椎间盘镜手术在保证神经根通道充分减压的基础上,具有手术创伤轻组织剥离少,保持脊椎中后柱完整性,不破坏脊柱的生物力学结构,出血少,卧床时间短,恢复快等优点。     

六味地黄方含药血清对氧化低密度脂蛋白损伤血管内皮细胞的保护作用

目的：观察六味地黄方大鼠含药血清对氧化低密度脂蛋白（ox-LDL）损伤血管内皮细胞（VEC）的保护作用。方法：以MTT法观察人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）的活力和流式细胞仪测定内皮细胞凋亡率,并通过测定胞内丙二醛（MDA）含量及细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、一氧化氮（NO）含量与超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力,探讨六味地黄方对血管内皮细胞损伤的保护作用及机制。结果：六味地黄方含药血清能促进ox LDL损伤的血管内皮细胞增殖、抑制ox LDL造成的内皮细胞凋亡、降低胞内MDA含量、减少细胞LDH释放量,提高SOD活力及NO含量。结论：六味地黄方对氧化低密度脂蛋白损伤的血管内皮细胞有一定的保护作用。     

Primary adrenal lymphoma discovered as an incidentaloma: case report and review of the literature

Primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL) discovered at an early stage is extremely rare. We report a case of PAL incidentally discovered by abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan as a 4.5-cm solid mass in the left adrenal gland. The patient was an 80-year-old man, and, from imaging studies, the left adrenal mass was considered to be a non-functioning adrenal cortical cancer. Left adrenalectomy was performed, and the resected tumor proved to be non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of diffuse large B-cell type. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered, and the patient has been well with no evidence of the disease for 20 months postoperatively. Received: September 3, 1998 / Accepted: November 30, 1998     

64例手足口病患儿心肌酶的检测及临床意义

目的对手足口病患儿进行心肌酶指标的检测,以探讨其对手足口病诊治的临床意义。方法选取我院2008年4月～2010年4月收治手足口病患儿64例作为研究对象,同时选取正常患儿64例作为对照组,分别检测与比较两组血清AST、LDH、α-HBDH、CK、CK-MB。结果手足口病组患儿的心肌酶AST、LDH、α-HBDH、CK、CK-MB均显著高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论心肌酶谱的检测临床意义重大,可作为早期诊断手足口病患儿心肌是否受损的一项常规指标,有利于疾病的早期诊断及判断病情、估计预后。     

人参总皂甙对大鼠急性脑缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用(英文)

在阻断双侧椎动脉及颈总动脉的大鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤模型,人参总皂甙100 mg/kg iv能显著阻止脑缺血/再灌注过程中皮层脑电图发生严重抑制和脑水肿形成;又能抑制脑组织细胞乳酸脱氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性下降和脂质过氧化代谢产物丙二醛含量及颈动脉血中乳酸脱氢酶活性升高。实验结果表明人参皂甙对脑缺血/再灌注损伤具有保护作用。从其对超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛的含量的作用推测人参皂甙对脑缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用与抑制氧自由基及脂质过氧化作用有关。     

Antioxidative and hepatoprotective effect of CGX, an herbal medicine, against toxic acute injury in mice

Aim

CGX, a modified traditional Chinese herbal drug whose name means “liver cleaning,” is used to treat various liver disorders. This study investigated the protective effects of CGX and its mechanisms.

Material and methods

After pretreating ICR mice twice daily with CGX (po, 50 or 100 mg/kg) or distilled water for three consecutive days, acute liver injury was induced by a single injection of CCl₄ (ip, 10 mL/kg of 0.2% in olive oil) (n = 8 per group).

Results

Pretreatment with CGX significantly attenuated the elevation in biochemical parameters, such as alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum, and the malondialdehyde concentrations in liver tissue. Pretreatment with CGX significantly restored the reduction of catalase activity and glutathione (GSH) content, but not superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and it inhibited the CCl₄-induced high expression of iNOS and TNF-α in hepatic tissue.

Conclusion

This study showed that CGX has hepatoprotective effects against free radical-induced acute injury via primarily antioxidative properties.     

腰椎间盘突出症的CT计量诊断探讨

目的 :寻找一种能精确表达 (或预测 )腰椎间盘突出症 (lumbardischerniation ,LDH)病理形态的CT计量诊断方法 ,用以指导临床治疗。方法 :回顾分析已通过手术确定了病理形态的 395例LDH患者 (45 2个间盘 ,A组 )的术前CT图像资料 ,将其CT图像特征分为 5个指标 14种表现 ,进行多因素判别分析并与术中所见比较 ;以多变量判别分析时各变量的赋值为基础制订计量诊断表。应用CT计量诊断表对后期手术治疗的 4 7例LDH患者 (B组 )进行前瞻性研究。结果 :LDH各病理类型之间的CT图像特征在统计学上有极显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 1) ;应用计量诊断表对A组患者的术前CT图像资料进行回代检验 ,判别正确率为 84 73% ,B组前瞻性研究的判别正确率为82 6 9%。结论 :CT计量诊断能比较准确地预测LDH的病理形态 ,对治疗具有重要指导意义