常见眼眶病变的MRI诊断与鉴别诊断

目的：探讨眼眶病变的MRI诊断与鉴别诊断价值。方法：对29例经临床病理确诊的眼眶病变的病例进行回顾性分析，重点观察该类疾病的MRI表现。结果：眼眶病变29例，包括肿瘤10例。炎症10例，血管性病变3例，眼肌病变6例。其在MRI表现各具有影像学特征，眼眶肿瘤多表现为位于眼眶内、外的局限性软组织肿块，MR T1WI呈等或稍低信号，T2WI呈高或等信号多见；炎性假瘤则表现为眶内局限性软组织肿块或弥漫性异常信号．MR T1WI呈低信号，T2WI呈高信号，常伴有眼肌肥大或眼环增厚，泪腺肿大等。结论：MRI检查能显示眼眶病变的影像学特征，对其诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要价值。     

乌司他丁对大鼠胰性脑病保护作用的实验研究

目的 :探讨乌司他丁对大鼠急性出血坏死性胰腺炎时对脑组织损害的保护作用 ,为胰性脑病的治疗提供实验依据。方法 :将 90只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组 ,急性出血坏死性胰腺炎诱导组和乌司他丁处理组 ,经胰胆管逆行注射 5%牛磺胆酸钠建立大鼠ANP模型 ,12h后处死动物 ,测定血清TNFα水平 ,并检测脑组织含水量、脑微血管内白细胞聚集及附壁现象。结果 :经乌司他丁处理后 ,血清中乌司他丁水平、脑组织含水量、脑组织MDA含量、脑微血管内白细胞聚集及附壁现象显著降低(P <0 .0 1)。结论 :乌司他丁可以减轻急性出血坏死性胰腺炎时脑损害的发生和发展     

荷人卵巢癌严重联合免疫缺陷鼠腹腔移植模型的建立

目的 :建立荷人卵巢癌细胞株 SKOV3严重联合免疫缺陷小鼠 (SCID)动物模型。方法 :SCID鼠腹腔注射人 SKOV3卵巢癌细胞 1× 10 7个 /只 ,饲养在无特定病原体环境中 ,观察其生物学特性。结果 :实验组 3只 SCID小鼠腹腔内均见肿瘤生长 ,并形成以横膈、肠系膜、肝周、腹膜为主的转移灶 ,其中 1只肺部有镜下转移灶。移植后肿瘤细胞在形态、生长、分泌 CA12 5功能方面均与原细胞株保持一致。结论 :建立的荷人 SKOV3卵巢癌 SCID鼠腹腔移植模型能较好地模拟人卵巢癌腹腔播散的生物学特征。     

CT、MRI对肾上腺病变的诊断分析

目的:分析探讨CT、MRI诊断对肾上腺病变的作用与价值。方法:MarconiMX8000 4层螺旋CT机,增强造影剂使用非离子型制剂,常规扫描及增强。应用西门子MAGNETOM1.5T磁共振机,增强造影剂使用Gd-DTPA制剂,常规T1WI、T2WI、脂肪抑制、化学位移同反相位及增强。对25例经手术及病理资料诊断证实的肾上腺病变进行CT、MRI诊断回顾性分析。结果:可清楚显示肾上腺病变的侧别、数目、大小、范围及可能的性质。结论:CT是肾上腺病变最佳影像检查方法,MRI具有重要辅助及补充诊断价值。     

老年人血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的观察老年人血清胆红素与冠状动脉病变的关系。方法经冠状动脉造影确诊的冠心病患者80例,其中冠状动脉轻度狭窄组15例,中度狭窄组32例,重度狭窄组33例;另外选取冠状动脉造影正常者40例做对照。采用重氮苯磺酸法测定血清胆红素水平,并对胆红素与各因素进行直线相关分析。结果冠心病组血清胆红素水平明显低于正常对照组,血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉病变程度成显著负相关关系(r=-0.26,P<0.05)。结论冠心病患者血清胆红素水平较正常人明显降低。低血清胆红素可能是冠心病的一种危险因素。血清胆红素水平与冠状动脉狭窄程度有明显相关性。     

冠心病患者血脂异常与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的 :探讨冠心病患者血脂异常与胰岛素抵抗的关系。方法 :观察 68例冠心病患者与 66例对照者的血脂、血糖、胰岛素等生化指标 ,以胰岛素释放指数———空腹胰岛素 (FIns) /空腹血糖 (FBG)和胰岛素敏感指数(1 /FBG×FIns)作为胰岛素抵抗 (IR)的指标 ,与空腹血脂进行直线相关分析。结果 :冠心病组与对照组对比 ,血糖水平无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5) ,而血胰岛素、胰岛素释放指数明显较对照组增高 (P <0 .0 5) ,胰岛素敏感指数明显较对照组低 (P <0 .0 5)。冠心病组的甘油三酯 (TG)、总胆固醇 (TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL -C)明显较对照组增高 (P <0 .0 5)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL -C)明显较对照组低 (P <0 .0 5)。冠心病组胰岛素释放指数、胰岛素敏感指数分别与TG ,TC和LDL -C呈正相关 ,与HDL -C呈负相关。结论 :冠心病患者存在着高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗 ,而且冠心病患者的胰岛素抵抗和血脂异常密切相关。     

宝鸡市城市饮用水与人群健康效应的调查研究

本文通过对宝鸡市居民饮自来水和自备井水的人群进行了回顾性和前瞻性调查分析，结果发现，饮自来水与饮未经处理自备井水明显的差异。即调查组（饮自来水）肠道传染病发病率为４．２２％和６．８２％，对照组（饮自备井水）发病率为７．７１％和１１．５６％经卡方检验Ｐ＜０．０５，差异有显著性。从发病病种来看，调查组和对照组均以腹泻为主，其次为痢疾和肝炎，发病率分别是：腹泻，调查组为３５．５９‰和６３．００‰，对照组     

Lumbar Puncture Ordering and Results in the Pediatric Population: A Promising Data Source for Surveillance Systems

Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is incorporating laboratory data into real-time surveillance systems. When normal patterns of laboratory test orders and results are modeled, aberrations can be detected. Because many test orders are available electronically well before results, atypical patterns of test ordering may signal outbreaks.
Objectives: The authors sought to characterize baseline patterns in the ordering and early results of lumbar punctures, motivated by the possibility of using these data for real-time surveillance for early detection of meningitis or encephalitis outbreaks.
Methods: Retrospective cohorts of pediatric emergency department patients at a single hospital (1993–2003) and from the National Hospital and Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (1992–2000) were used for analysis.
Results: Test ordering exhibits seasonal patterns, with monthly peaks in January and August (p < 0.0001). For the hospital cohort, the rate of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis exhibits seasonal patterns (p < 0.0001), with a peak from August to October. This is strongly associated with the rate and pattern of clinical neurologic disease (p < 0.0001). A long-term secular decline in daily test ordering is evident, dropping from 5.3 to 2.9 in the hospital sample, and from 371.8 to 185.3 in the national sample (p < 0.001). The long-term rate of pleocytosis has declined (p < 0.0001), though the yield of testing for pleocytosis has improved (p = 0.0104).
Conclusions: Laboratory test patterns correspond with those of clinical disease and are a promising source of surveillance data. Using such data for real-time monitoring requires specific adjustments for patient age, periodicities, and secular trends.     

Acute effects of high-dose thyrotropin releasing hormone infusions in Alzheimer's disease

Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) was administered intravenously to ten patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) in a high-dose paradigm, thought to maximize central nervous system effects and potentially produce facilitation of cholinergic function, a known property of the neuropeptide. Acute effects of TRH on behavioral, cognitive and physiologic measures were assessed after patients received 0.1 mg/kg TRH, 0.3 mg/kg TRH and placebo, the higher TRH dose and placebo being given in a randomized, double-blind fashion. Patients showed statistically significant increases in arousal and improvement in affect, as well as a modest improvement in semantic memory, all after receiving the higher TRH dose. Both TRH doses produced transient rises in systolic blood pressure, with no effect on diastolic blood pressure, heart rate or temperature. This study suggests that high-dose TRH can be safely administered to AD patients and is neurobehaviorally active; further studies are needed to determine the extent and mechanism of the cognitive and psychobiological properties of this peptide in AD and other neuropsychiatric disorders.