Simplified conditions for storing and cryopreservation of dental pulp stem cells

ObjectivesThis study aimed to simplify the collection, isolation and cryopreservation procedure of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to ease the establishment of dental stem cell banking.DesignExtracted third molars were collected and stored either in growth medium or in gentamicin-saline (480 μg/ml) for 6, 9 or 12 h. DPSCs were isolated and subjected to cryopreservation by a controlled-rate or rapid freezing method in 5 or 10% DMSO. Flow cytometry and growth pattern of DPSCs before and after cryopreservation were conducted.ResultsRate of contamination by which the extracted teeth were stored in control and gentamicin-saline were 9.1% (N = 33) and 2.3% (N = 43), respectively. Successful cell isolation rate of teeth preserved in gentamicin-saline at 6 h (92.9%) was comparable to those of growth media group (90.3%). At 9 and 12 h, the rates dropped significantly to 75% and 54%, respectively. Cryopreservation by controlled-rate freezing either in 5 or 10% DMSO resulted in a significantly higher percentage of viable cells than by rapid freezing. Cells conserved by controlled-rate freezing in 5% DMSO showed a pattern of growth similar to control unfrozen cells; 10% DMSO significantly deteriorated the growth pattern of the cells. After thawing, DPSCs conserved by controlled-rate freezing still expressed stemness characteristics, although hematopoietic stem cell markers were slightly increased.ConclusionGentamicin-saline was effective in preserving human teeth for DPSC isolation. Controlled-rate freezing in 5% DMSO gave the highest rate of cell viability. This study simplifies the storage conditions and proposes a simple method for cryopreservation of DPSCs.     

基于星际文件系统的医学影像存储架构研究

介绍了针对三甲综合性医院影像归档和通信系统（PACS）医学影像存储的安全性和稳定性等问题，提出了一种基于星际文件系统（IPFS）的医学影像存储架构，这种架构具有有效防止误删、更能抵抗计算机病毒入侵、更高的可管理性及更有效地防止恶意攻击保证影像安全等优点。     

创伤骨科急救药品存放管理的改进措施分析

对于创伤骨科患者来说,急救药品与物品事在急救过程中必不可少的物品。急救药品的管理和存放,也是直接影响急救效果的重要因素。因此现代医疗机构为了进一步提高医疗的安全度,必须要加强对急救药品和急救物品的规范管理,但是在这个过程当中仍然出现了许多问题,整体效果提升度不高。     

复用器械使用后保存方式与时间对清洗效果的影响

目的探讨复用医疗器械使用后安全有效的保存和清洗方法,保证复用医疗器械清洗灭菌质量,降低由这一途径引起的医院感染。方法采用人工污染方法,将新鲜血液污染后的复用医疗器械随机分为A1、A2、B1、B2、C1、C2、D1、D2、E1、E2共10组,每组污染器械又分为6个小组,分别放置1h、2 h、3 h、4 h、12 h、16 h后再采用不同清洗方法对污染的医疗器械进行清洗,对清洗后的医疗器械进行潜血阳性检查,以检验清洗效果.该实验重复3次,合计4500件实验器械。结果对不同保存方法,不同的放置时间段,不同的清洗方法清洗后的复用医疗器械,潜血阳性率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,其中放置16 h,不加任何处理开放保存的器械采用多酶机清洗[1]潜血阳性率最高,为66.67%。5种保存方法在1 h内2种清洗方法清洗,潜血阳性率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.01）。浸清水或多酶洗液浸泡组的器械在16 h内2种清洗方法清洗,其潜血阳性率在各自组内比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉O.01）。开放保存组、干密闭组和喷酶保存组2种清洗方法清洗,潜血阳性率在各自组内比较,差异有极显著的统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论污染的医疗器因存放方式、存放时间及清洗方法的不同,清洗效果有明显差异。     

凝血检验标本采集与处理过程中的质量控制分析

目的观察分析凝血检验标本采集与处理过程中的质量控制。方法选择凝血检验标本采集与处理强化质控措施实施后(2018年3月至2019年2月)和实施前(2017年3月至2018年2月)在本院行凝血检验的健康体检者各41例,分别作为观察组和对照组。收集两组待检查者的标本采集、处理过程记录,比较两组标本不合格发生率。结果观察组凝血检验标本不合格发生率(2.44%,1/41)显著低于对照组(19.51%,8/41),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论强化质控措施可有效提升凝血检验标本采集与处理过程规范性,降低不合格标本风险,有助于保障凝血检验准确性和有效性,临床应用价值较高。     

The effects of coronary artery disease severity on time-dependent changes in platelet activation indices in stored whole blood

Background Platelets play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the thrombotic complications in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Abnormal platelet activation indices are evolving as potentially useful markers in CVD risk stratification. Whilst there has been some investigation into the effects of storage time on several of these indices, the effects of underlying disease severity on these temporal changes have not been previously studied. Methods Using the ADVIA^TM120 haematology analyser, we assessed the effects of time-dependent storage of whole blood in EDTA, on a number of platelet activation indices: mean platelet volume (MPV), mean platelet component (MPC, measure of platelet density) and platelet component distribution width (PCDW, a marker of platelet shape change. We studied three age- and sex-matched patient groups: (i) healthy controls (n = 10), (ii) stable patients with coronary artery disease (CAD, n = 9); and (iii) patients with acute myocardial infarction (n = 8). Whole blood samples were processed at exactly 5 min following venesection and at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min later in storage in EDTA tubes at room temperature. Results There was a significant and stepwise increase in MPV (P = 0.01) and decrease in PCDW (P = 0.03), with a non-significant trend to increasing MPM and decreasing MPC with increasing underlying disease (that is healthy, ‘stable’ and ‘acute’ artery disease). There was a significant time-dependent increase in MPV and decrease in MPC and PCDW (all P < 0.05), which were all significant on ‘post-hoc’ analyses by 30 min. There were no significant changes in platelet count or MPM with time. There was no interaction of underlying disease with whole-blood storage time for any of the platelet indices reported (P = NS). Conclusion There is a temporal increase in MPV and decrease in MPC and PCDW in venous blood stored over 2 h in EDTA. These changes are not influenced by the underlying CVD disease severity.     

Survival in vivo of platelets stored for 48 hours in the buffycoat at 4°C compared to platelet rich plasma stored at 22°C

Summary High speed centrifugation allows separation of whole blood into cell free plasma, a buffy coat and leukocyte poor red cells. The buffy coat can be used for the preparation of platelet concentrates. High lactate production at 22°C requires storage of the buffy coat at 4°C. Survival in vivo of platelet concentrates prepared from buffy coats stored at 4°C for 48 h (BC-PC) was compared with the survival in vivo of platelet concentrates from platelet rich plasma stored at 22°C for 48 h (PRP-PC). Both methods were studied in the same healthy volunteers (n=8) using⁵¹Cr labeled autologous platelets. The mean ±SD recovery 15 min after reinfusion of the BC-PC was 30.5%±13.3% and for PRP-PC 41.4%±7.9% (p<0.0001). The survival in vivo for BC-PC was 2.4 days ±0.4 days and for PRP-PC 7.0 days ±1.4 days (p<0.0001).Since the survival in vivo is significantly less for platelets derived from the buffy coat stored at 4°C, we advocate storage of platelets at 22°C.     

基于媒体资产管理的军事航空医学声像信息系统建设

针对传统航空医学声像资料管理方式单一落后的实际情况,通过采用功能强大、性能先进的现代媒体资产管理技术,全面整合空军航空医学研究各类声像数据资源,构建了规模较大、资料丰富、检索高效、运行安全的军事航空医学声像信息管理系统。该系统实现了声像信息管理科学化、规范化、数字化和网络化,进一步提升了声像服务整体实力和保障效能。     

Microbial DNA in human nucleic acid extracts: Recoverability of the microbiome in DNA extracts stored frozen long-term and its potential and ethical implications for forensic investigation

Human DNA samples can remain unaltered for years and preserve important genetic information for forensic investigations. In fact, besides human genetic information, these extracts potentially contain additional valuable information: microbiome signatures. Forensic microbiology is rapidly becoming a significant tool for estimating post-mortem interval (PMI), and establishing cause of death and personal identity. To date, the possibility to recover unaltered microbiome signatures from human DNA extracts has not been proven. This study examines the microbiome signatures within human DNA extracts obtained from six cadavers with different PMIs, which were stored frozen for 5–16 years. Results demonstrated that the microbiome can be co-extracted with human DNA using forensic kits designed to extract the human host’s DNA from different tissues and fluids during decomposition. We compared the microbial communities identified in these samples with microbial DNA recovered from two human cadavers donated to the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State University (FACTS) during multiple decomposition stages, to examine whether the microbial signatures recovered from “old” (up to 16 years) extracts are consistent with those identified in recently extracted microbial DNA samples. The V4 region of 16 S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq for all DNA extracts. The results obtained from the human DNA extracts were compared with each other and with the microbial DNA from the FACTS samples. Overall, we found that the presence of specific microbial taxa depends on the decomposition stage, the type of tissue, and the depositional environment. We found no indications of contamination in the microbial signatures, or any alterations attributable to the long-term frozen storage of the extracts, demonstrating that older human DNA extracts are a reliable source of such microbial signatures. No shared Core Microbiome (CM) was identified amongst the total 18 samples, but we identified certain species in association with the different decomposition stages, offering potential for the use of microbial signatures co-extracted with human DNA samples for PMI estimation in future. Unveiling the new significance of older human DNA extracts brings with it important ethical-legal considerations. Currently, there are no shared legal frameworks governing the long-term storage and use of human DNA extracts obtained from crime scene evidence for additional research purposes. It is therefore important to create common protocols on the storage of biological material collected at crime scenes. We review existing legislation and guidelines, and identify some important limitations for the further development and application of forensic microbiomics.     

不同包装和贮藏条件下酸枣仁的质量比较

目的:确定酸枣仁适合的贮藏条件、包装材料和包装方式,为保障酸枣仁质量提供参考。方法:选用同一批酸枣仁样品,分别采取塑料编织袋包装、塑料袋包装、塑料袋真空包装、铝塑复合袋包装、铝塑复合袋真空包装和牛皮淋膜纸袋包装,贮藏在阴凉库(温度≤20℃、相对湿度为45%~75%)和药品稳定性试验箱[温度为(40±2)℃、相对湿度为(75±5)%]中,以性状及水分、黄曲霉毒素、酸枣仁皂苷A、斯皮诺素含量为考察指标,开展为期6个月的阴凉长期稳定性试验和加速稳定性试验研究。结果:6个月阴凉长期稳定性试验结果显示,不同包装条件下酸枣仁样品的性状以及水分、黄曲霉毒素、酸枣仁皂苷A含量均符合2015年版《中国药典》(一部)(后文简称"药典")酸枣仁项下规定;斯皮诺素含量均不符合药典的规定(不低于0.080%),但其中铝塑复合袋真空包装样品中斯皮诺素含量(0.079%)与药典要求接近。6个月加速稳定性试验结果显示,牛皮淋膜纸袋包装、塑料编织袋包装样品发霉严重,塑料袋包装、塑料袋真空包装样品表面颜色变暗,铝塑复合袋包装样品颜色稍变暗,但铝塑复合袋真空包装样品外观基本无变化;塑料编织袋包装、牛皮淋膜纸袋包装样品中水分含量超过了药典要求最高值(9.0%);仅在贮藏2个月时,编织塑料袋包装样品被检出黄曲霉毒素B1含量为8.64μg/kg,超出药典规定;各包装样品中酸枣仁皂苷A含量虽有下降,但均满足药典要求;仅塑料袋真空包装样品中斯皮诺素含量(0.084%)满足药典要求,其次属铝塑复合袋真空包装样品中含量(0.071%)相对较高。结论:酸枣仁以铝塑复合袋真空包装后置于阴凉干燥处为宜。