Novel multifunctional polyethylene glycol-transactivating-transduction protein-modified liposomes cross the blood-spinal cord barrier after spinal cord injury

The blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) prevents many macromolecular agents from passing through to reach sites of injury in the spinal cord. This study evaluated the ability of a novel multifunctional liposome modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and transactivating-transduction protein (TAT) containing an iron core to cross the BSCB using a rat model of spinal cord injury. Rats were examined daily for a period of three days after spinal cord injury and injection of either the multifunctional modified liposome or control formulations using a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging spectrometer. A low signal was observed in the T2-weighted images. Prussian blue staining and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry revealed that significantly more iron accumulated around the lesion site in the experimental group than the control groups (P?<?0.05). The findings from this study suggest that this multifunctional liposome carrier can cross the BSCB to accumulate around the lesion site.     

Neural control of locomotion and training-induced plasticity after spinal and cerebral lesions

Standing and walking require a plethora of sensorimotor interactions that occur throughout the nervous system. Sensory afferent feedback plays a crucial role in the rhythmical muscle activation pattern, as it affects through spinal reflex circuits the spinal neuronal networks responsible for inducing and maintaining rhythmicity, drives short-term and long-term re-organization of the brain and spinal cord circuits, and contributes to recovery of walking after locomotor training. Therefore, spinal circuits integrating sensory signals are adjustable networks with learning capabilities. In this review, I will synthesize the mechanisms underlying phase-dependent modulation of spinal reflexes in healthy humans as well as those with spinal or cerebral lesions along with findings on afferent regulation of spinal reflexes and central pattern generator in reduced animal preparations. Recovery of walking after locomotor training has been documented in numerous studies but the re-organization of spinal interneuronal and cortical circuits need to be further explored at cellular and physiological levels. For maximizing sensorimotor recovery in people with spinal or cerebral lesions, a multidisciplinary approach (rehabilitation, pharmacology, and electrical stimulation) delivered during various sensorimotor constraints is needed.     

华中科技大学同济医学院1999-2002年SCI收录论文统计分析

本文运用文献计量学的方法,通过对华中科技大学同济医学院1999—2002年SC I收录论文作者的学历、职称、影响因子构成,论文期刊、学科分布及论文合著等方面的统计分析,反映出目前本单位SC I收录论文的现状及存在的问题,并从科研管理的角度提出了有关的对策。     

自主神经反射异常

自主神经反射异常（AD）是一种交感神经反应异常的状态，通常发生于胸6及以上的脊髓损伤患者，由交感神经系统对有害刺激的过度反应而产生。因该症状可产生致命并发症，如癫痫、呼吸暂停、心肌梗死，颅内高压和脑出血，故AD的诊治显得极为重要。本文通过复习文献，主要就AD的发病率、发病机制、诱发因素、临床表现和治疗进行简要叙述。     

脊髓损伤中碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的变化与意义

目的：探索脊髓损伤进的自我保护修复机制，为髓有效治疗寻求可行性方案。方法：采用改良的Allen's法建立SD大鼠T8段脊髓损伤模型，观察术后不同时期T8伤段及其远、近脊髓内的bFGF及GFAP蛋白表达分布与变化情况，同时进行组织学观察及图像处理与分析。结果：脊髓损伤后bFGF阳性表达细胞，在术后T8段及远、近段明显增多，图像分析表明，大鼠SCI后4d、7d、14d及21d时T8区bFGF的平均光密度,分别与对照组比较有显著差异（P＜0．05）；而且术后14d时阳性表达最高；GFAP结果示，大量的反应性星形胶质细胞出现于创伤后脊髓灰质中，相邻切片表明，反应性星形胶质细胞是bFGF的主要阳性细胞。结论：脊髓损伤诱导了内源性bFGF蛋白表达短暂增高，提示，神经营养因子bFGF可能参与SCI后的神经元营养及自我“保护”过程。     

大鼠完全性脊髓损伤后降钙素基因相关肽与运动终板的关系

目的 观察大鼠完全性脊髓损伤后降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)在骨骼肌运动终板中的变化特点及运动终板的变化。方法 采用Wistar大鼠制作T10脊髓横断模型，分别于损伤后1、2、4、8周取胫前肌肌腹标本，以免疫组化法检测AChE和CGRP在运动终板中的变化。结果 脊髓横断1周后CGRP在运动终板中的数量、分布即明显减少，着色变浅，而AChE在运动终板中的变化发生在损伤后4周时；运动终板中CGRP和AChE始终未完全消失。结论 上运动神经元损伤后骨骼肌运动终板存在退变现象；AChE和CGRP与运动终板的退变相关；检测CGRP能更早地显示运动终板的改变。     

Nursing models and self-concept in patients with spinal cord injury--a comparison between UK and Taiwan

The purpose of this study is to investigate rehabilitation nurses' care for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). It also examines how rehabilitation nurses perceive their role in assessing the alteration of self-concept and the interventions they use in helping patients to develop a more positive perception of themselves. A critical review of common models in use was undertaken including Roper, Logan and Tierney's Activities of Living Model, Roy's Adaptation Model and Orem's Self-care Deficit Nursing Theory. A nursing framework has been developed for rehabilitation nursing. Data were collected by questionnaire. The findings indicate that rehabilitation nurses are aware of the alteration in self-concept for patients with SCI. Although nursing interventions include physiological, psychological and social aspects of care, nurses do not feel that current nursing models are useful in SCI nursing and tend to support the specially designed model.     

1352例急性脊柱脊髓损伤早期救治分析

目的 分析急性脊柱脊髓损伤的伤情、合并伤和并发症，提出早期治疗原则。方法 对1352例急性脊柱脊髓损伤病例进行回顾性分析。结果 脊髓完全性损伤875例、不完全性损伤477例；合并症有肺部感染、泌尿系感染、褥疮等；合并伤有颅脑损伤、四肢骨盆骨折、血气胸等。保守治疗包括大剂量甲基强的松龙冲击疗法、高压氧治疗、脱水剂、神经营养药物等；对存在脊柱不稳、脱位和脊髓压迫者，进行减压内固定手术；合并伤均给予专科处理。结论 应重视急性脊柱脊髓损伤的现场急救，进行及时正确的早期处理；应重视处理合并伤，预防脊髓继发性损伤和并发症；早期康复指导是提高救治水平的关键。