Retrospective analysis of corticosteroid doses administered to patients with terminal cancer for dyspnea alleviation and survival

Dyspnea negatively affects the survival and quality of life of patients with terminal cancer. Although corticosteroids are currently used to treat dyspnea, the association between corticosteroid dosage and survival remains unclear. This retrospective study was conducted to determine the relationship betweencorticosteroid doses, administered to hospitalized patients with terminal cancer for dyspnea alleviation, and survival. Subsequently, we investigated the associations between corticosteroid doses, which were classified into three categories, and the length of survival in days after stratifying 52 patients treated between January 2012 and December 2015 into corticosteroid responders and non-responders. The mean daily corticosteroid doses were 28.68?±?14.4?mg for responders and 29.13?±?18.5?mg for non-responders. The mean corticosteroid doses on the first day were 27.86?±?14.9?mg for responders and 27.73?±?19.5?mg for non-responders. The mean total corticosteroid doses administered during the first 2 days of treatment were 56.84?±?29.2?mg for responders and 57.16?±?38.5?mg for non-responders. The mean survival was 11.33?±?7.5 days and 5.27?±?3.35 days among responders and non-responders, respectively. In conclusion, the administration of corticosteroid for dyspnea alleviation did not correlate with survival. However, reactivity to corticosteroids increased the duration of corticosteroid use, which may have contributed to survival.     

我国人群细胞因子水平与抑郁症的相关性研究的系统评价

目的:系统评价我国人群细胞因子水平与抑郁症的相关性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普中文数据库、中国期刊全文数据库和万方数据库,收集研究国内细胞因子与抑郁症相关性的病例对照研究,由两名研究者按照纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取资料和评价质量后,采用Rev Man 5.1.5统计软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入7项研究,合计577例患者,其中试验组331例,健康对照组246例。Meta分析结果显示,试验组患者白细胞介素(IL)-6浓度[WMD=13.71,95%CI(6.91,20.51),P<0.000]和IL-1β浓度[SMD=2.15,95%CI(1.04,3.26),P<0.000]均高于健康对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义;而抑郁组患者IL-2浓度亦高于健康对照组,但两组比较差异无统计学意义。结论:我国人群患抑郁症与IL-6、IL-1β水平升高存在一定的相关性。由于本研究的局限性,IL-6、IL-1β浓度与抑郁症的发作性质、严重程度的定量关系等内容尚需开展更多高质量、大样本的研究。     

Neonatal Thrombocytopenia in Preeclamptic Women with Low Platelet Counts

Objective: To investigate the relationship between maternal thrombocytopenia in severe preeclampsia and neonatal platelet counts.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Obstetric and neonatal units, King Edward VIII Hospital (KEH), Durban, South Africa.

Subjects: Forty-five mothers with severe preeclampsia/hypertensive crises of pregnancy with platelet counts of <150 × 10⁹/L.

Results: Ten of 48 neonates (22.2%) had evidence of thrombocytopenia on umbilical cord blood. Cord blood platelet counts ranged from 38 to 145 × 10⁹/L. In 8 cases, the neonatal platelet counts recovered within 4 h to <150 × 10⁹/L. Four neonates had evidence of a disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Conclusion: This study confirms the association of neonatal thrombocytopenia to maternal thrombocytopenia in preeclamptic women. There is no correlation between maternal and neonatal platelet counts, but neonatal thrombocytopenia is generally mild to moderate and transient; and in the absence of coagulation abnormalities, morbidity is not apparent.     

对社区居民开展构建和谐医患关系教育的探索

在患方及居民中开展构建和谐医患关系教育，对纠正患者就医心态、净化就医环境具有重要作用。对社区居民进行构建和谐医患关系教育需要社会多部门参与，动员居民积极参加教育活动，运用多种教育形式、针对不同人群，从“知-信-行”三个维度转变群众对待医患关系的态度。     

情境利害和亲疏关系对大学生良心行为的影响

目的探索在不同的情境利害关系下,亲疏关系对大学生良心行为的影响。方法使用内隐联结测验(IAT)测量100名中国大学生的良心行为。在内隐联结测验(IAT)中,通过内隐测量方法讨论情境利害关系大小和亲疏关系大小两个因素对大学生良心行为的影响效果,用利害关系不同的情境故事材料作为实验启动条件,考察在不同情境下,个体对亲疏概念与积极属性/消极属性词的联系是否存在差异;随着亲缘关系的增加,情境因素是否会影响良心行为反应产生的可能性。结果相对于非亲属概念与积极属性,亲属概念与积极属性的联系更强,即表现出了亲疏关系的良心内隐效应,而且这种效应在利害关系小的情境启动下表现更突出(t1=387.4642,t2=262.9428),两种情境下的良心内隐效应值差异极其显著(t=5.594,P0.001),且效应值不存在性别差异(t=0.141,P=0.888)和专业差异(t=1.07,P=0.287)。结论情境利害和亲疏关系对大学生良心行为有影响。     

牙周病的发生机制和全身系统性疾病之间的关系分析

作为慢性细菌性感染性症状，牙周病有着很高的患病率，是引发成年人牙齿丧失的主要因素。在医学研究不断进步的形势下，许多研究均已证实牙周病既可以对口腔局部的牙周组织进行牵连，又密切关系着全身系统性疾病，国内外许多研究均证实牙周病和糖尿病、呼吸道感染、心脑血管以及早产低体重婴儿等症状有着相关性。基于此，本文先是对牙周病的发生机制进行了概述，又详细阐述了与近几年的研究成果相结合探究出的牙周病和全身性系统疾病之间存在的关系，并对牙周病会加重患者全身系统性疾病的危险因素进行了介绍，以求能够通过对牙周病的有效治疗，降低牙周病患者全身系统性疾病的发生率，以维护牙周病患者的身体健康，为牙周病患者的生命安全提供强有力的保障。     

急性心源性肺水肿临床疗效与X线胸片的相关性分析

目的研究急性心源性肺水肿治疗效果和X线胸片表现之间的关系,为临床评估疗效提供帮助。方法由2名有经验的放射科医师采用盲法回顾性分析48例急性心源性肺水肿患者治疗前后的X线胸片好转率,所得的数据做χ2检验,并用Kappa检验对2人评判的结果做一致性分析。结果医师甲、乙所得的结论均为:急性心源性肺水肿临床治疗后好转者,X线胸片好转率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。甲乙医师间阅片的一致性分析差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),说明甲乙2名医师对治疗前后X线表现好转与否的诊断结果有较好的一致性。讨论急性心源性肺水肿治疗过程中复查X线胸片,是评估临床疗效的一种有效的方法 。     

Interdependence of attachment styles and relationship quality in parent-adolescent dyads

The current study examined how attachment styles of parents and adolescents may jointly influence the quality of their relationship. Parent-adolescent (N_dyads = 77) pairs were recruited from a Midwestern town in the United States. The mean of adolescents' age was 16.25. Both members reported their attachment styles, relationship closeness, and relationship discord. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) showed that both members' attachment avoidance was associated with self-report lower levels of closeness. Parents' attachment anxiety was related to relationship discord. Parents with higher avoidant attachment reported lower closeness when adolescents were higher in avoidant attachment. Higher parents' anxious attachment was related to higher relationship closeness when adolescents were higher on anxious attachment. Such an association was negative when adolescents had lower anxious attachment. Higher parents’ anxious attachment was related to greater discord when adolescents were lower on anxiety attachment. This study reveals the complex dyadic dynamics of relationship quality in parent-adolescent pairs.     

生殖道局部细胞免疫与黄体功能不全患者不孕的关系

目的:探讨生殖道局部细胞免疫与黄体功能不全患者不孕的关系.方法:研究纳入21例确诊为黄体功能不全(luteal phase deficiency,LPD)的患者作为研究组,同时纳入18例健康体检者最为对照组,使用放射免疫法(radiation immunity analysis,RIA)对排卵期两组血清、宫颈黏液中白细胞介素1-β(IL-1β)以及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的表达进行检测;使用化学发光免疫分析仪检测两组黄体期的血清孕酮水平.结果:黄体期,研究组血清孕酮水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);排卵期,研究组宫颈黏液中IL-1β以及TNF-α水平与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);研究组宫颈黏液中IL-1β以及TNF-α水平与黄体中期血清孕酮水平存在负相关(r=-0.888,P＜0.05;r=-0.849,P＜0.05);宫颈黏液中IL-1β水平与TNF-α水平存在正相关(r=0.797,P＜0.05).结论:排卵期生殖道局部细胞免疫受到激活,可能是LPD患者发生不孕的主要免疫因素之一,亦能够间接的影响黄体发育从而造成LPD的发生.