Distal oblique osteotomy versus cheilectomy for moderate-advanced hallux rigidus: A 2-year propensity-score-matched study

BackgroundThe surgical treatment of moderate-advanced hallux rigidus is controversial. Cheilectomy is widely used but has recurrence rates of up to 30%. Dorsal oblique metatarsal osteotomy (DOO) has also shown good results, however, there is no study comparing outcomes of the DOO against cheilectomy.MethodsThis was a retrospective propensity score matched study based on registry data from a single tertiary institution. Between 2007 and 2017, all patients who had undergone dorsal cheilectomy or DOO for hallux rigidus were included. Patients with previous foot surgery, revision surgeries, and concomitant surgical procedures were excluded. Clinical outcomes, complication rates, revision rates and patient satisfaction were assessed at 2 years postoperatively.ResultsThere were 44 patients (34 cheilectomy, 10 DOO). After propensity score matching, 17 cheilectomy and all 10 DOO cases were selected for comparison. Patients in both groups had a significant improvement in visual analogue pain scores (VAS) and AOFAS 1st toe scores 2-years post-operatively (P < 0.001) with high levels of post-operative satisfaction (85.1%). Overall there were no statistically significant differences in post-operative scores, improvement in scores, complication rates, revision rates, and levels of patient satisfaction between groups.ConclusionsBoth the DOO and cheilectomy give similarly good outcomes for moderate-advanced hallux rigidus. Further studies are needed to elucidate differences in indications for each procedure.     

基于倾向性匹配法的胆囊结石合并慢性胆囊炎手术DRG控费效果研究

目的 基于倾向性匹配分析疾病诊断相关分组（DRG）对胆囊结石合并慢性胆囊炎手术患者住院费用的控费效果。方法 收集2021年1月至2022年12月安徽医科大学第一附属医院1 010例胆囊结石合并慢性胆囊炎手术患者住院费用数据,按付费方式分为DRG组（n=570）和非DRG组（n=440）。采用描述性统计分析、倾向性评分法、秩和检验,平衡病例间混杂因素后,检验DRG组和非DRG组住院费用情况。结果 共纳入1 010例病例,经倾向性匹配成功852例。胆囊结石合并慢性胆囊炎患者DRG组与非DRG组年龄、住院天数在匹配前差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。患者住院费用中,耗材费、药费占比较高。经倾向性匹配后,DRG组与非DRG组住院总费用（Z=7.519,P<0.001）、自费金额（Z=13.903,P<0.001）、医保报销费用（Z=11.561,P<0.001）、综合医疗服务费（Z=2.188,P=0.029）、手术费（Z=2.256,P=0.024）、药费（Z=3.202,P=0.001）、耗材费（Z=2.229,P=0.026）、诊断费（Z=8.263,P<0.001）差异均有统计学意义。结论 DRG对胆囊结石合并慢性胆囊炎患者自费金额、综合医疗服务费、手术费、药费、耗材费及诊断费均具有控费效果,且总体对住院费用控费效果较好,但费用结构方面仍存在优化空间。     

功能性消化不良患者胃排空功能与症状分型的关系

目的　通过 99m Tc植酸钠固体餐检测胃排空 ,了解功能性消化不良 (functional dyspepsia,FD)患者各临床亚型胃运动的情况 .方法　 99m Tc植酸钠标记固体餐 ,对 30例 FD患者 (其中溃疡样型 10例 ,动力障碍型 10例 ,非特异型 10例 )及 10名健康对照者进行了核素检测分析 .结果　运动障碍样型及非特异型 FD患者胃半排空时间延迟 (87± 2 8min,89± 2 6 min vs6 1± 9min,P<0 .0 5 ) ,2 h胃排空率明显减少(6 3.0± 11.5 % ,5 7.7± 15 .5 % vs87.0± 10 .3% ,P<0 .0 1) ,而溃疡样型 FD与正常人比无差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) .结论　胃排空延迟在运动障碍样型及非特异型 FD病因中占重要地位 ,FD三个临床亚型之间发病机制既相同又略有不同 ;FD患者中有症状与胃排空之间存在不一致现象 ,所以核素胃排空检查在 FD胃运动功能的判定及指导治疗上有重要意义 .     

我校医学检验系学生专业思想和在校成绩的调查分析

本文选取我校医学检验系93～96年级170余名本科在校学生作为调查研究对象(第一专业志愿与非第一专业志愿考生比例约为1:2),通过对这两部分学生专业志愿与在校专业思想,学习成绩及政治表现等综合素质方面的关系调查分析,结果表明：专业志愿不是影响学生专业思想、学习成绩和综合素质的主要因素,学生在校专业思想受在校教育和多种因素影响。提示招生录取新生时不应歧视非第一专业志愿考生。     

Effect of age and disease duration on parkinsonian motor scores under levodopa therapy

Summary One hundred and fifty patients suffering from Parkinson's disease were analysed for the expression of the motor symptoms during optimum response to levodopa therapy (subscale III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale). Patients were grouped according to age (64, 65–74, 75 years). Disease duration and daily levodopa dosage were similar in the three groups. Pooled residual scores for posture and gait impairment (PGI), tremor (T), rigidity (R) and distal motor impairment (DMI; hand and foot movements) increased with age (Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA). The parkinsonian scores were significantly higher than the scores of 150 age-matched normal controls (Mann-Whitney U test). The differences between the patients' scores and the scores of the age-matched controls increased with age. In spite of a significant increase in the daily levodopa dosage with disease duration (linear regression), PGI aggravated age-dependently, and DMI age-independently with symptom duration (Spearman rank correlation). In contrast, T and R did not increase with disease duration.     

Do bilineal pedigrees represent a problem for linkage analysis? basic principles and simulation results for single-gene diseases with no heterogeneity

Some investigators have expressed concern--especially for psychiatric disorders--that bilineal pedigrees should not be included in linkage studies. This study compares the "informativeness" of bilineal and unilineal families for a homogeneous single-gene disorder. Three approaches were used: (1) simulation studies of three-generation pedigrees, (2) calculation of expected lod scores (ELODs) in nuclear families, and (3) calculation of Fisher's information number I(theta) in nuclear families. The simulation studies in (1) permitted a realistic comparison between bilineal datasets and purely unilineal ones. The calculations in nuclear families in (2) and (3) then made it possible to analyze the sources of information loss in bilineal families. Overall, in datasets of five three-generation pedigrees each, the drop in mean maximum lod score was approximately 50% from purely unilineal datasets to extremely bilineal ones. In less-extreme bilineal datasets, which are closer to most real data than the extremely bilineal ones, the drops in lod score were very small--less than 10% in some, and practically zero in others. The details will vary, depending on size and structure of the pedigree, genetic model, true value of the recombination fraction, and informativeness of the marker. However, these results imply that the information loss due to bilineality is not necessarily very great. The nuclear-family calculations showed that for phase-known matings there is relatively little information loss in bilineal families, but for phase-unknown matings there the loss is much greater. In conclusion, for single-gene disorders with no genetic heterogeneity, whereas bilineal families can be less informative than comparable unilineal families, they are not so much less informative that they should automatically be discarded from linkage datasets. The implications of bilineal pedigrees for linkage studies of heterogeneous disorders are also discussed.     

Health-Related Quality of Life in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Determining a Meaningful Deterioration

This paper uses the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the standard error of the difference (S(diff)) in relation to data on individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) to calculate the minimum change scores required by statistical criteria for each dimension of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Assessment Questionnaire (ALSAQ-40). Data collected from a longitudinal study was used to evaluate the usefulness of SEM and S(diff) criteria and to compare these criteria with an anchor-based approach in determining meaningful change. Questionnaires were completed on two occasions, 3 months apart. 764 questionnaires were returned. Questionnaires included the ALSAQ-40 and dimension specific transition items. The ALSAQ-40 is a disease specific health-related quality of life instrument for use in studies of patients with ALS or other motor neuron diseases. For all dimensions of the ALSAQ-40 the patterns of SEMs were similar over time. The results suggest that, for example, six points change on a 0-100 transformed scoring of the physical mobility dimension may be considered on distributional grounds a minimum meaningful change. The demonstrated consistency of SEMs for the dimensions of the ALSAQ-40 is empirical evidence of the theoretically claimed advantage of this measure of sample independence, and supports use of this distributional approach to calculate meaningful change.     

血浆C型钠尿肽在急性冠脉综合征患者的变化及其意义

目的观察急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者不同情况下血浆C型钠尿肽(CNP)水平,探讨CNP在ACS发病过程中的意义。方法用放射免疫分析法检测35例ACS患者经皮冠脉介入治疗(PC I)术前、术后24 h血浆CNP水平,并与20例正常对照组血浆CNP进行对比。观察并分析ACS患者PC I前血浆CNP水平与心功能及冠脉狭窄积分间的关系。结果ACS患者入院时血浆CNP水平高于正常对照组[(6.8±1.4)pg.m l-1vs(5.1±1.6)pg.m l-1,P<0.01],且PC I后24 h血浆CNP的水平较术前明显增高[(10.9±2.9)pg.m l-1vs(6.8±1.4)pg.m l-1,P<0.001]。PC I前左室射血分数(LVEF)<50%的患者血浆CNP水平明显高于LVEF>50%的患者[(7.8±1.1)pg.m l-1vs(6.1±1.2)pg.m l-1,P<0.001],但是血浆CNP水平与心功能分级(NYHA)未见相关性。冠脉Gensin i积分与PC I前血浆CNP水平呈高度正相关(r=0.76,P<0.001)。结论ACS患者血浆CNP水平明显增高,介入治疗后ACS患者血浆CNP水平继续增高,CNP在ACS发病中的意义值得进一步研究。     

硬膜外自控镇痛技术在脊柱内镜手术中的应用研究

探讨硬膜外自控镇痛在脊柱内镜手术应用的临床效果。选择120例脊柱内镜手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症患者,随机分为对照组(0.2%罗哌卡因+0.2%利多卡因局麻),0.1%罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组(0.1%罗哌卡因+0.3 μg/mL舒芬太尼硬膜外自控镇痛),0.2%罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组(0.2%罗哌卡因+0.3 μg/mL舒芬太尼硬膜外自控镇痛),采用视觉模拟(VAS)评分法评估手术中镇痛效果,采用改良Bromage 评分评估术毕运动神经阻滞程度,统计0.1%罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组和0.2%罗哌卡因+舒芬太尼组自控镇痛泵(PCA)按压次数和用药量。结果显示0.2%罗哌卡因和0.3 μg/mL舒芬太尼硬膜外自控镇痛应用于脊柱内镜手术,可以达到明显的镇痛效果,满足手术需要,又同时保留患者双下肢运动功能,即有“感觉和运动阻滞分离”现象,从而避免脊柱内镜下马尾神经损伤的可能,值得在临床上推广。     

Developing an Improved Home-Level Technology for the Production of a Protein-Enriched Nigerian Local Snack,Tofu Pie

Abstract

Maize flours and dough were variously prepared from whole, decorticated, and alkaline-cooked maize grains. Other flour types include soycorn milk residue and wheat flours. All the flour types were made into base for pie-type preparations. Tofu (soybean curd) cubes were mixed with local pepper and onion condiments, fried, and were used for pie filling. The various pie types namely WFTP, DMFTP, WMFTP, WMADTP, DMADTP, SRFTP and MPI-MPVI (MPs) represent pie types made from base using wheat, decorticated, whole maize flours, wet and dry masa doughs, soycorn residue flour, and market pies 1 to VI, respectively. MP1 was used as control for sensory evaluation. The protein content of the maize-based pies ranged from 19.54 to 34.13% and was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than the range of protein content 11.67–15.53% for the MPs. Except for WMFTP, all other experimental pie types gave higher in vitro digestibility (IVD) percent than the MPs. The sensory evaluation scores showed that none of the experimental pies were rejected but their scores were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those for the MPs in all the parameters measured. Pie types WFTP, DMFTP, and WMFTP were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the other experimental pies in all the sensory attributes measured. The consumption of tofu pies developed in this study, using the improved home-level technology described, will help to reduce malnutrition consequent to the high protein content and nutritional attributes of the improved local snack. doi:10.1300/J385v05n02_07