不同重复经颅磁刺激模式对脑卒中后上肢运动功能障碍干预效果的网状Meta分析

背景 上肢运动功能障碍是脑卒中后常见的后遗症之一,严重影响患者日常生活能力。重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）作为常见的神经电生理技术对治疗脑卒中后上肢运动功能障碍有较好的疗效,但临床对不同rTMS干预模式的选择仍缺乏循证依据。目的 采用网状Meta分析方法比较rTMS的4种模式对脑卒中后上肢运动功能障碍患者的临床疗效。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网中有关rTMS治疗脑卒中后上肢运动功能障碍的随机对照试验,并通过追溯Meta分析的参考文献作为补充。检索时间均为建库至2022年2月,采用主题词和自由词结合方式进行。2名研究者进行文献筛选、资料提取及质量评价。采用RevMan 5.0软件和Stata 16.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 最终纳入17篇文献,790例患者,共涉及6种干预措施：高频rTMS(HF-rTMS)、低频rTMS(LF-rTMS)、间断性theta节律刺激（iTBS）、连续性theta节律刺激（cTBS）、假刺激、常规疗法。网状Meta分析结...     

基于网络药理和实验验证探究中药通过健脾作用治疗白细胞减少症的作用机制

摘要 目的 运用数据挖掘、网络药理学和实验验证探讨中药通过健脾作用治疗白细胞减少症的用药规律、药效物质基础及潜在的作用机制。方法 在中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网和PubMed数据库中检索健脾中药复方治疗白细胞减少症的临床文献,运用古今医案云平台在线分析软件和SPSS Modeler 18 统计分析软件寻求核心药物组;利用中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台（TCMSP）、GeneCards数据库、OMIM数据库检索、Cytoscape3.7.2软件、STRING数据库获取关键基因和主要有效成分,利用Metascape进行基因本体（GO）功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集分析;采用MTT法检测细胞增殖率,采用qPCR法检测关键基因信使核糖核酸（mRNA）水平表达。结果 共筛选得到90篇有效文献,共计91首中药复方,党参-当归-黄芪为核心药物组合。肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、JUN为核心靶点,槲皮素、木犀草素、山奈酚、芒柄花素、豆甾醇为主要有效成分,其主要作用机制可能通过癌症的途径、TNF信号通路、p53信号通路等来实现。健脾中药黄芪、党参、当归提取物和有效成分芒柄花素、槲皮素对人单核细胞白血病细胞（THP-1）具有促进增殖作用,芒柄花素对化疗诱导的THP-1细胞生长具有促进增殖的作用,芒柄花素能够抑制炎症细胞因子IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α和刺激抗炎因子IL-10、原癌基因JUN的分泌。结论 初步揭示黄芪等多种中药通过多成分、多靶点发挥健脾作用,参与抗肿瘤、抗炎、免疫调节等相关信号通路,治疗白细胞减少症。     

2450MHz介质复介电常数的测量

目的测量2450MHz频率下蒸馏水和不同浓度NaCl溶液的复介电常数,用以判定系统的可靠性和稳定性.方法根据微扰法得到复介电常数的测量公式,然后通过实验对已知参数的蒸馏水和NaCl溶液进行测量,并计算其复介电常数和电导率,验证计算结果的可靠性和稳定性.结果对计算结果进行统计分析和误差分析,其均值、标准差和变异系数表明,最终结果可与M.I.T标准较好地吻合.结论这种系统可较好地测量2450MHz频率下高损耗介质的复介电常数,测量系统的主要误差是由介质体积的误差引起的,因此精确测量介质体积是测量生物组织等高损耗介质复介电常数的关键.     

放疗计划系统网络体系的设计与实现

设计并建立一套连接医学影像采集设备(如CTM、RIP、ET等)、放疗计划系统(TPS)及医用加速器等大型设备的的放射治疗网络体系工作环境,更充分地发挥局域网络在放射治疗中的作用。在现有大型医疗设备、TPS及局域网环境的基础上,提出两种具有代表性的TPS网络体系解决方案,并结合各自的特点及实际应用情况对其进行了分析和比较。实践证明,放疗计划系统网络体系的建设推进了放射治疗全过程的数字化、网络化,在更大范围内实现了医疗信息资源的共享,在更大程度上发挥了TPS在肿瘤治疗过程中的作用。     

Systematic characterisation of disease associated balanced chromosome rearrangements by FISH: cytogenetically and genetically anchored YACs identify microdeletions and candidate regions for mental retardation genes

Disease associated balanced chromosome rearrangements (DBCRs) have been instrumental in the isolation of many disease genes. To facilitate the molecular cytogenetic characterisation of DBCRs, we have generated a set of >1200 non-chimeric, cytogenetically and genetically anchored CEPH YACs, on average one per 3 cM, spaced over the entire human genome. By fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH), we have performed a systematic search for YACs spanning translocation breakpoints. Patients with DBCRs and either syndromic or non-syndromic mental retardation (MR) were ascertained through the Mendelian Cytogenetics Network (MCN), a collaborative effort of, at present, 270 cytogenetic laboratories throughout the world. In this pilot study, we have characterised 10 different MR associated chromosome regions delineating candidate regions for MR. Five of these regions are narrowed to breakpoint spanning YACs, three of which are located on chromosomes 13q21, 13q22, and 13q32, respectively, one on chromosome 4p14, and one on 6q25. In two out of six DBCRs, we found cytogenetically cryptic deletions of 3-5 Mb on one or both translocation chromosomes. Thus, cryptic deletions may be an important cause of disease in seemingly balanced chromosome rearrangements that are associated with a disease phenotype. Our region specific FISH probes, which are available to MCN members, can be a powerful tool in clinical cytogenetics and positional cloning.     

根据孕妇参数预测胎儿体重的神经网络方法

本文采用反向传播神经网络算法,根据孕妇身高、体重、宫高及腹围预测胎儿体重。建立了一个预测胎儿体重的网络模型,讨论了确定网络拓扑结构的方法。采用该方法预测了１４０例胎儿体重,预测符合率高达８５％,相对误≤１０％者占预测总数的９４．２８％。采用神经网络分析输入对于输出的贡献的结果表明孕妇宫高对于胎儿体重影响最大。     

基于网络药理学及分子对接预测安子调冲方中和血中药对免疫相关复发性流产的作用机制

目的：应用网络药理学及分子对接技术探讨安子调冲方（ATF）中起和血作用的鸡血藤–蒲黄炭（JXT–PHT对治疗免疫相关复发性流产（IRRPL）的作用机制,为进一步对ATF的拆方研究奠定基础。方法：利用TCMSP和HERB数据库进行化合物成分检索,在Swiss Target Prediction数据库预测药物作用靶点。使用Genecards和ImmPort数据库获取IRRPL相关靶点。利用jvenn绘制韦恩图,得到潜在作用靶点。在STRING数据库构建蛋白互作（PPI）网络,并分析关键作用靶点。构建“和血作用中药–成分–靶点–疾病”网络,在Cytoscape 3.10.0中可视化,并分析核心成分。应用DAVID(v2023q1)数据库,对潜在作用靶点进行基因本体（GO）和京都基因和基因组数据库（KEGG）功能富集分析。最后通过AutoDock–Vina(v1.2.5)对关键作用靶点和核心成分执行分子对接,在PyMOL 2.5进行可视化。结果：共筛选出ATF中起和血作用的JXT–PHT 31个活性成分,预测靶点586个,IRRPL相关靶点226个,潜在作用靶点38个,构建PPI网络并分析后得...     

Effects of Advertising: A Qualitative Analysis of Young Adults’ Engagement with Social Media About Food

Young adults are constantly exposed to energy-dense, nutrient-poor food and beverages, particularly through advertising. Exposure can influence poor food choices and negatively impact health. This study aimed to understand young adults’ attitudes and experiences associated with food-related advertisements, particularly on social media. This qualitative analysis involved n = 166 Australian 18 to 24-year-olds who were involved in a four-week online conversation on different areas relating to health, social media, and eating. Inductive thematic analysis was utilised on two forums on the recall and perceptions of food-related advertisements. Young adults commonly mentioned aspects of the marketing mix (promotion, product, price, and place) in food advertisements. Participants were more readily able to recall energy-dense, nutrient-poor food advertisements compared to healthy food-related advertisements. Digital advertisements were often discussed alongside the use of ad-blockers and algorithms which tailored their social media viewing to what they like. Participants felt constant exposure to unhealthy food advertisements hindered their ability to realise healthy eating behaviours and created feelings of guilt. This current analysis highlights the need to provide an advertising environment that appropriately motivates healthy eating and a food environment that allows healthy food to be the affordable and convenient option.     

Psycho-Behavioural Segmentation in Food and Nutrition: A Systematic Scoping Review of the Literature

Inadequate dietary intakes are a key modifiable risk factor to reduce the risk of developing non-communicable diseases. To encourage healthy eating and behaviour change, innovative public health interventions are required. Social marketing, in particular segmentation, can be used to understand and target specific population groups. However, segmentation often uses demographic factors, ignoring the reasons behind why people behave the way they do. This review aims to explore the food and nutrition related research that has utilised psycho-behavioural segmentation. Six databases from were searched in June 2020. Inclusion criteria were: published 2010 onwards, segmentation by psycho-behavioural variables, outcome related to food or nutrition, and healthy adult population over 18 years. 30 studies were included; most were quantitative (n = 28) and all studies used post-hoc segmentation methods, with the tools used to segment the population varying. None of the segments generated were targeted in future research. Psycho-behavioural factors are key in understanding people’s behaviour. However, when used in post-hoc segmentation, do not allow for effective targeting as there is no prior understanding of behaviours that need to change within each segment. In future, we should move towards hybrid segmentation to assist with the design of interventions that target behaviours such as healthy eating.     

医疗器械电子注册申报规范的实施对策研究

目的:针对医疗器械注册电子申报信息化(eRPS)系统实施中存在的问题,提出构建我国医疗器械注册管理改革和审评审批创新对策。方法:分析医疗器械实施eRPS的国际背景,对比eRPS目录与我国现行法规要求间的对应关系,从网页版和客户端版的不同登录方式阐述eRPS前端功能特点,从eRPS的使用原则、使用步骤、申报流程和使用安全等方面制定eRPS使用规范,并提出解决问题的对策。结果:eRPS的实施能降低申报后补充资料的概率,提升医疗器械注册申报质量,企业可同时将相应的申报资料向国际医疗器械监管机构论坛(IMDRF)成员国提交申请,无需重新调整,提高申报效率。eRPS实施以来,线上电子申报和线下纸质材料申报比例从2019年6-8月的1.1∶1.0,快速增长到到10月份的6.5∶1,线上提交医疗器械注册申请量占注册申报总量的80%。结论:eRPS系统可以为医疗器械全生命周期监管提供数据支撑,并为企业提供从概念认知到实际操作的高效路径,以保障医疗器械电子注册申报规范项目顺利实施。