Belastungsabhängige Segmentstabilität im Funktions-MRT bei Nachwuchsathleten mit Spondylolisthesis mit und ohne Rückenschmerzen

BackgroundSegmental spinal instability is assumed to be a source of low back pain in adolescent athletes (AA). It is unclear, if imaging techniques allow for differentiation of load-dependent segment stability in AA with spondylolisthesis in dependence of pain.Material and MethodsTwenty-two AA (14.1±1.6 years, 164±9 cm, 59±13 kg) with spondylolisthesis L5/S1 were included. Following an orthopedic examination with history of pain (in everyday life [PE]; during sports [PS]) functional MRI was performed (1. Upright-loaded; 2. Supine-unloaded). Anterior translation [mm], lordosis angle [°] and „lumbar disc degeneration-Index (LDDG [1–5]) were determined within MRI. Absolute values and differences (loaded - unloaded condition) are shown by the factor pain (α=0.05).ResultsEight AA reported PE, 10 PS and 10 AA were pain-free (PF). Lordosis angle and anterior translation were higher during loaded condition (60±10° to 46±11; 7.2±2.0mm° to 5.8±1.9 mm). AA with pain showed loaded/unloaded smaller differences of lordosis angles (PE/NP: 13.8±6.3°/14.9±4.6; PS/PF: 13.3±5.1/15.1±5.1; p>0.05) and higher differences of anterior translation (PE: 1.7±1.3 mm/1.2±1.3; PS: 2.2±1.3/0.7±0.8; p=0.002) compared to PF. LDDG was higher for AA with PS than in PF (PS/PF: Median 2 (1.25;3)/ 3.5 (2;4)).ConclusionsAA with spondylolisthesis and PS show lower lordosis and higher segmental anterior translation as well as disc degeneration. Low back pain during sports in AA with spondylolisthesis might be seen as a predictor for higher segmental spinal instability.Level of evidence2 (Cohort study)     

Wiltse入路经椎间孔椎体间融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效观察

目的 :探讨Wiltse入路经椎间孔椎体间融合术(TLIF)治疗腰椎滑脱症的手术效果。方法:选择2010年9月~2012年8月收治的54例单节段腰椎滑脱患者,采用TLIF术式行椎体间植骨融合术,其中Wiltse入路组31例,传统后正中入路组23例。术前两组患者在性别、年龄、滑脱程度、节段分布等一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),具有可比性。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量,比较两组术前1d、术后24h、术后1周外周血肌酸激酶含量;并分别于术前1d、术后3d及术后3、6个月和1年随访时采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scores,VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)以及两组患者手术前后滑脱角、椎体滑移度、椎间盘高度比较综合评价手术效果。根据术后1年腰椎X线片和CT平扫+三维重建评价腰椎序列、滑脱椎体复位及椎间植骨融合(根据Bridwell椎间融合评价标准)情况。结果:Wiltse入路组手术时间72.6±7.5min(65~85min),术中出血量86.8±78.9ml(80~175ml),术后引流量90.5±56.2ml(85~170ml);后正中入路组手术时间79.0±6.7min(75~95min),术中出血量285.6±36.4ml(280~330ml),术后引流量195.6±20.7ml(190~220ml),两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Wiltse入路组术后24h外周血的肌酸激酶平均为271.4±128.6U/L(260~400U/L),而后正中入路组为553.7±201.5U/L(500~780U/L),两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术后不同时间点VAS及ODI评分与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Wiltse入路组术后3d腰痛VAS评分(4.5±1.6分)明显优于传统后正中入路组(6.9±2.5分),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);术后3、6个月和1年随访时两组间VAS评分和ODI差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。根据Bridwell椎间融合评价标准,后正中入路组Ⅰ级融合13例(56.5%),Ⅱ级融合10例(43.5%);Wiltse入路组Ⅰ级融合18例(58.1%),Ⅱ级融合13例(41.9%),两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。CT平扫+三维重建均显示椎体间获得骨性融合。术前、术后两组患者在滑脱角、椎体滑移度、椎间盘高度等影像学结果比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:Wiltse入路TLIF术式治疗单节段腰椎滑脱症可获得与传统后正中入路TLIF相似的安全、有效的治疗效果,并且Wiltse入路TLIF术式具有操作更方便、对组织损伤小、出血少、恢复快的优点。     

腰椎滑脱症的手术治疗体会

<正>2008年1月~2012年5月,我科手术治疗30例腰椎滑脱症患者,治疗效果良好,现总结报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组30例,男15例,女15例,年龄39~68岁。腰椎滑脱部位:L519例,L47例,L34例。峡部崩裂性滑脱28例,退行性滑脱2例。滑脱分度:Ⅰ度滑脱24例,Ⅱ度滑脱6例,16例伴有椎间盘突出,26例伴有椎管狭     

两种固定方式治疗下腰椎病变3年随访结果分析

目的：比较单侧椎弓根螺钉暨经皮对侧椎板关节与双侧椎弓根螺钉两种固定方法联合椎间融合器植骨治疗下腰椎病变的3年随访结果。方法手术治疗62例单节段下腰椎病变患者,其中30例行单侧椎弓根螺钉暨经皮对侧椎板关节突螺钉固定联合椎间融合器植骨术（A 组）,32例行双侧椎弓根螺钉固定联合椎间融合器植骨术（B 组）,比较两组患者手术创伤和临床疗效。结果两组手术切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量比较 A 组优于 B 组,差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。两组融合率比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。腰痛 VAS 评分与 JOA 评分：术后各时点（术后1周和术后6、12、24、36个月）两组较术前明显改善（P ＜0．05）,两组之间比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。结论单侧椎弓根螺钉暨经皮对侧椎板关节与双侧椎弓根螺钉两种固定方法联合椎间融合器植骨术治疗下腰椎病变3年随访疗效均满意;单侧椎弓根螺钉联合对侧经皮椎板关节突螺钉固定具有操作简单、创伤小、稳定性好、融合率高和并发症少等优点,是部分下腰椎病变固定融合的较好选择。     

椎间撑开解剖复位对于退变性腰椎滑脱症价值的前瞻性比较研究

目的:通过前瞻性研究评价椎间撑开解剖复位对于退变性腰椎滑脱症价值。方法:2006年1月~2009年12月,对56例退变性腰椎滑脱症(II度以上)患者均施行经后路椎体间融合术(poster ior lumbar interbody fusion,PLIF),但随机选择是否在术中进行解剖复位的操作,复位组30例,对照组26例,随访时比较两组病例的影像学、JOA功能障碍评分及并发症。结果:56例均获得13~46个月(平均32月)随访。复位组的影像学结果及最终融合率均优于对照组(P<0.01)。末次随访时,两组患者都有较高的JOA功能障碍评分,复位组略优于对照组(P<0.01)。复位组和对照组的并发症发生率分别为10%和23.1%。结论:经后路椎体间融合术治疗退变性腰椎滑脱症术中进行解剖复位可以获得更为理想的影像学结果、植骨融合及生活质量。     

退行性腰椎滑脱症的现代中医研究进展

文章在简要阐述现代中医对退行性腰椎滑脱症的病名、病因病机、中医分型的研究现状基础上,从现代中医治疗方面总结了退行性腰椎滑脱症的现代中医治疗研究进展。文章主要从以下几方面进行综述：现代中医手法治疗退行性腰椎滑脱症、中药治疗、中医针灸治疗、针刀治疗、拔罐、刮痧等其他综合治疗以及中医综合疗法治疗。文章以期为退行性腰椎滑脱症的现代中医治疗提供参考。     

Motion characteristics of the lumbar spinous processes with degenerative disc disease and degenerative spondylolisthesis

Objective

Recently, interspinous process devices have attracted much attention since they can be implanted between the lumbar spinous processes (LSP) of patients with degenerative disc disease (DDD) and degenerative spondylolisthesis (DLS) using a minimally invasive manner. However, the motion characters of the LSP in the DLS and DDD patients have not been reported. This study is aimed at investigating the kinematics of the lumbar spinous processes in patients with DLS and DDD.

Methods

Ten patients with DDD at L4–S1 and ten patients with DLS at L4–L5 were studied. The positions of the vertebrae (L2–L5) at supine, standing, 45° trunk flexion, and maximal extension positions were determined using MRI-based models and dual fluoroscopic images. The shortest ISP distances were measured and compared with those of healthy subjects that have been previously reported.

Results

The shortest distance of the interspinous processes (ISP) gradually decreased from healthy subjects to DDD and to DLS patients when measured in the supine, standing, and extension positions. During supine-standing and flexion–extension activities, the changes in the shortest ISP distances in DDD patients were 2 ± 1.2 and 4.8 ± 2.1 mm at L4–L5; in DLS patients they were 0.5 ± 0.4 and 2.8 ± 1.7 mm at L4–L5, respectively. The range of motion is increased in DDD patients but decreased in DLS patients when compared with those of the healthy subjects. No significantly different changes were detected at L2–L3 and L3–L4 levels.

Conclusion

At the involved level, the hypermobility of the LSP was seen in DDD and hypomobility of the LSP in DLS patients. The data may be instrumental for improving ISP surgeries that are aimed at reducing post-operative complications such as bony fracture and device dislocations.     

成人腰椎峡部裂性滑脱症与退变性滑脱症患者脊柱骨盆矢状面形态学研究

【摘要】 目的：研究成人腰椎峡部裂性滑脱症与退变性滑脱症患者的脊柱骨盆矢状面形态。方法：选择2009年3月~2012年3月就诊且有完整影像学资料的腰椎峡部裂性滑脱症与退变性滑脱症患者共58例,其中峡部裂性滑脱（峡部裂组）29例,男9例,女20例,年龄23~67岁,Ⅰ度滑脱22例、Ⅱ度7例,L4滑脱16例、L5滑脱13例;退变性滑脱（退变组）29例,男5例,女24例,年龄45~85岁,Ⅰ度滑脱22例、Ⅱ度7例,L3滑脱3例、L4滑脱23例、L5滑脱3例。峡部裂组和退变组患者ODI评分分别为25.5分和22.0分,两组间无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。测量两组脊柱骨盆矢状面形态学指标,包括骨盆入射角（pelvic incidence,PI）、骨盆倾斜角（pelvic tilt,PT）、骶骨倾斜角（sacral slope,SS）、腰椎前凸角（lumber lordosis,LL）、胸椎后凸角（thoracic kyphosis,TK）、矢状面轴向垂直距离（sagittal vertical axis,SVA）。同时测量两组病例的腰椎滑脱角、滑脱率以及滑脱距离。采用独立样本t检验对两组患者的上述指标进行比较。结果：峡部裂组患者LL、TK和滑脱角分别为52.2°±10.9°、25.3°±11.1°、9.9°±6.4°,明显高于退变组的44.2°±15.4°、23.4°±12.6°、6.0°±3.9°（P＜0.05）;退变组患者SVA为30.6±40.6mm,明显高于峡部裂组的4.6±24.9mm（P＜0.01）。两组患者的骨盆形态学参数PI（峡部裂组53.9°±11.5°,退变组55.8°±10.8°）、PT（17.0°±8.3°,22.9°±7.2°）、SS（36.9°±8.7°,33.4°±9.9°）以及腰椎滑脱率[（21.8±9.8）%,（19.7±7.8）%]、滑脱距离（6.2±2.7mm,5.6±1.9mm）均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。结论：成人腰椎峡部裂性滑脱症与退变性滑脱症患者具有相似的骨盆形态,但峡部裂性滑脱症患者较退变性滑脱症患者表现为更大的胸椎后凸、腰椎前凸以及滑脱角。     

腰后路减压复位环形融合治疗腰椎双节段椎体滑脱的临床疗效评估

目的 ：探讨腰椎后路减压复位环形融合治疗腰椎双节段椎体滑脱后临床疗效及腰椎-骨盆矢状位拟合关系的变化。方法：回顾性纳入2014年1月至2018年1月海南医学院第一附属医院关节创伤外科收治的接受腰椎后路减压复位环形融合内固定术且资料完整的67例双节段腰椎滑脱症患者。记录患者术前和末次随访时腰腿疼痛视觉模拟（visual analogue scale,VAS）评分及腰椎功能障碍指数（Oswestry disability index,ODI）评分,计算腰椎前凸角（lumbar lordosis,LL）、骶骨倾斜角（sacral slope,SS）、骨盆倾斜角（pelvic tilt,PT）及骨盆入射角（pelvic incidence,PI）并进行分析比较。结果 ：术后12个月,患者腰痛VAS评分由（5.1±0.6）分降至（2.1±0.5）分,ODI评分由（44.5±2.2）分降至（18.6±1.0）分,两者变化差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。腰椎LL由47.3°±5.1°降至32.1°±6.0°,SS由40.3°±3.3°降至26.8°±7.5°,PT由34.5°±3.0°...     

GSS椎弓根螺钉结合椎间融合器治疗创伤性腰椎滑脱症临床分析

目的探讨GSS椎弓根螺钉系统结合椎间融合器治疗创伤性腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法对12例创伤性腰椎滑脱症患者采用GSS椎弓根螺钉系统结合椎间融合器治疗,比较手术前后症状改善情况,了解复位程度及骨性融合情况。结果 12例均获随访,时间12~24个月,无内固定物拔出、断裂等情况发生,9例临床症状完全消失,3例仍遗留有下肢麻木;10例完全复位,2例残留Ⅰ度滑脱,12个月时均获得椎间骨性融合。结论应用GSS椎弓根螺钉系统结合椎间融合器治疗创伤性腰椎滑脱症可以使腰椎获得有效复位和坚强固定,提高植骨融合率,临床近期疗效满意,远期疗效需要进一步观察。