Protein C concentrate prevents peripartum thrombosis.

A protein C deficient woman, with a past history of recurrent thrombosis and purpura fulminans, was successfully treated with protein C concentrate in the peripartum period. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Risk factors for Caesarean section in Italy: results of amulticentre study

A recent large increase in Caesarean section (CS) in Italy was the initial stimulus for a study to identify risk factors for CS and, if possible, to suggest strategies to counteract the rise. The study was conducted in three hospitals where a wide range of individual variables was collected from the clinical records and from personal interviews. Crude CS rates and odds ratios were evaluated for each single variable while logistic regression has been used to investigate possible confounding factors. The study involved 1316 consecutive deliveries. Crude CS rates were 29.4%, 15.7% and 16.1%. Variables identified as high risk factors were pre-eclampsia, previous CS, breech and other non-vertex presentations. Antenatal care under an obstetrician working in the same hospital, a low number of antenatal consultations, previous miscarriages, offer (by obstetrician) and request (by women) for CS showed significantly high odds ratios (ORs). Previous live births was strongly negatively associated with CS. No relationship between type of delivery and social status was observed while a physician factor was detected in all three hospitals where rates for different physicians ranged from 0% to 52.8%. Apart from the main medical indications for Caesarean section (previous CS, breech presentation), the results seem to indicate that individual practice style may be an important determinant of the wide variation in the rates of Caesarean delivery. While this may have been suspected before this study, these results are the first hard data to indicate that, in Italy, CS is widely performed for non-medical reasons.     

Effect of antispermatogenic compound CDRI-84/35 on marker enzymes of rat testis cells : A study on site of action

Marker enzymes of Sertoli and germ cells were estimated to study the mechanism of action of antispermatogenic compound CDRI 84/35 in adult male rat testis. Animals were killed after 22, 41, and 64 days of treatment with antispermatogenic dose of CDRI 84/35 in order to evaluate the effect of the compound on spermatid, spermatocyte, and spermatogonial stages, respectively. Studies were also extended to a recovery period of 90 days. Results indicate a direction action of the compound on germ cells, with no apparent effect on Sertoli cells. Studies also show a massive depletion of postmeiotic germ cells after the treatment, with some damage to premeiotic germ cells as well. Reversibility of the compound was partial, with the marker enzymes of pre- and postmeiotic germ cells not being restored to control levels after withdrawal of treatment.     

经鼻给予神经生长因子对沙林染毒大鼠梨状皮质神经元的影响

目的 探讨经鼻给予神经生长因子(NGF)对沙林染毒大鼠脑组织梨状皮质区神经元的影响.方法 建立大鼠沙林染毒模型,常规治疗后经鼻给予NGF或生理盐水,24 h后采用HE染色和免疫组织化学染色观察梨状皮质区神经元的变化.结果 与空白对照组相比,经鼻给予生理盐水的大鼠梨状皮质区可见较多变性、坏死的神经元,神经元数量[(404.75±25.17)个/mm2]明显减少(39.44%);而经鼻给予NGF组变性、坏死的神经元较少,神经元数量[(651.94±36.02)个/mm2]减少不明显.结论 经鼻给予NGF可以减轻沙林染毒大鼠梨状皮质区损伤程度.经鼻给予NGF有可能成为针对沙林所致脑损伤的有效治疗手段.     

双枚和三枚细加压螺纹钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折的疗效比较

近年来我院采用手法复位的同时用双枚或三枚细加压螺纹钉内固定治疗股骨颈骨折,效果良好,现对比分析报告如下。1 临床资料 1991年1月-2000年1月,共收治新鲜股骨颈骨折患者480例,采用内固定治疗者388例,其中采用X线闭路电视下手法整复双枚或三枚细加压螺纹钉内固定者282例。为缩小年龄跨度,便于比较疗效,年龄小于45岁和大于75岁31例未收集。因死亡而不能继续随访者21例,死亡均发生于术后半年以上,与骨折或手术无直接关系。因其他原因而失访者16例。其余214例资料较完整,其中男86例,女128例。有5例伴同侧的Colles骨折,3例同侧肱骨外科颈骨折,其他无严重并发症。所有伤侧髋关节手术前无明显关节炎改变。加压螺纹钉规     

异丙酚对大鼠海马神经元NMDA受体通道电流的影响

目的 研究异丙酚对大鼠海马神经元N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体通道电流的影响。方法 体外培养新生Wistar大鼠海马神经元8—12d，采用全细胞膜片钳技术和压力喷射给药方式，钳制电压为-80mV，记录3、48μg∥ml异丙酚对100μmol／LNMDA诱发NMDA受体通道电流的影响；然后用7-氨基丁酸（GABA）受体拮抗剂荷包牡丹碱100μmol／L阻断GABA．受体，观察3、48μg／ml异丙酚对NMDA受体通道电流的影响。结果 3、48μg／ml异丙酚抑制自发兴奋性突触后电流并直接激动GABA．受体，使Cl．内流，产生外向超极化的GABA电流，从而间接抑制NMDA受体通道电流。用荷包牡丹碱100μmol／L阻断GABA．受体后，3、48μg∥ml异丙酚仍可抑制100μmol／LNMDA诱发的NMDA受体通道电流（P〈0．05）。结论 异丙酚通过激活GABA．受体影响NMDA受体通道电流，对NMDA受体通道也有直接抑制作用。     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨骨折

我科2001年1月-2002年12月采用带锁髓内钉逆行穿钉的方法治疗肱骨干骨折23例，疗效满意。     

小檗碱对大鼠阴茎海绵体磷酸二酯酶5mRNA水平的影响

目的 :检测大鼠阴茎海绵体中磷酸二酯酶 5 (PDE5 )mRNA的表达 ,进而探讨小檗碱 (berberine ,Ber)的分子作用机制。　方法 :通过逆转录酶链反应 (RT PCR)技术检测大鼠阴茎海绵体中PDE5mRNA的表达。　结果 :大鼠阴茎海绵体中有PDE5A1和PDE5A2mRNA的表达 ,以PDE5A2为主要的异构酶。与内参照 β 肌动蛋白相比 ,对照组、Ber孵育 1和 3h组的PDE5A1及PDE5A2基因mRNA的相对表达量分别为 :0 .2 2± 0 .0 2 ,0 .4 1± 0 .0 1 ;0 .1 5± 0 .0 1 ,0 .34± 0 .0 2 ;0 .1 0± 0 .0 1 ,0 .1 2± 0 .0 1。与对照组相比 ,PDE5A1、PDE5A2的mRNA表达 ,在Ber孵育 1h组降低了 32 %和 1 7%,3h组降低了 5 5 %和 71 %,其中尤以应用Ber 3h后PDE5A2的mRNA减少最为明显 (n =5 ,P <0 .0 1 )。　结论 :Ber对NO cGMP信号通路的下游关键酶 (PDE5 )具有一定的调控作用 ,尤其是抑制PDE5A2的mRNA表达 ,为Ber治疗勃起功能障碍的分子机制之一。     

内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗

目的 提高内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的全切率,降低病死率和致残率.方法 对25例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤显微外科治疗病例的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 冠状位计算机体层摄影术有助于判断肿瘤的生长点.磁共振成像可显示肿瘤与海绵窦、颈内动脉的关系.1例肿瘤侵入海绵窦,11例肿瘤包绕颈内动脉和主要分支.肿瘤附着点为前床突和(或)小翼的内侧.18例达Simpson Ⅰ、Ⅱ级全切除.无手术死亡,疗效满意.结论 显微手术可明显提高肿瘤全切率,减少术后并发症,降低病死率.手术要点是尽早离断肿瘤基底并沿颈内动脉床突上段由近向远分离切除包绕的肿瘤.由于多数存在肿瘤与血管之间的蛛网膜界面,提倡在第1次手术中采用积极的显微外科治疗.