沙参麦冬汤加减方联合针刺治疗LASIK术后干眼症的疗效观察

目的?观察沙参麦冬汤加减联合针刺治疗准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）术后阴津不足型干眼症临床疗效。方法?依据纳入和排除标准纳入有效病例60例120眼LASIK手术3月后确诊为干眼的患者,随机分为2组,各30例60只眼,对照组单纯使用人工泪液滴眼,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加服沙参麦冬汤加减方及针刺,15?d为1个疗程,2个疗程后观察角膜荧光素染色情况（FL）情况、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）、泪液分泌试验（SIt）、裸眼视力及干眼自觉症状的改善情况。结果?2组治疗后第15天2组BUT、FL进行比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;2组SIt情况比较,治疗组优于对照组（P<0.05）。2组治疗后第30天SIt、BUT、FL、裸眼视力及自觉症状的改善治疗组均优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗组与对照组疗程结束时症状明显改善,总有效率分别为96.8%和86.7%,有显著性差异（P<0.05）。结论?中药配合针刺能有效改善LASIK术后干眼症患者的症状和体征,对治疗LASIK术后干眼症有一定优势。      

Gaining perspective on the allergenicity assessment of genetically modified food crops

Genetically modified plants are created by the insertion of foreign genes into plant cells followed by the generation of reproductively stable stock plants for rapid and precise improvements in agricultural crops. Current products provide resistance to insect pests, plant viruses or herbicides. Future products include nutritionally enhanced crops, salt and draught tolerant crops and plant produced industrial enzymes or pharmaceuticals. The risk that a newly expressed protein might cause serious allergic reactions is real, but the probability is relatively small. Regulatory agencies require a premarket evaluation of the genetically modified crop to reduce the potential for increased risks of food allergy. While absolute proof of safety is not possible, the major risk – transfer of a potent major allergen or nearly identical crossreactive protein – is minimized by allergen-specific serum immunoglobulin E tests that evaluate proteins taken from major allergenic sources or proteins with sequences highly similar to any allergen. Other tests are performed to identify proteins that are likely to sensitize consumers. Experience indicates the current assessment process is working effectively. However, further guidance on bioinformatics and immunoglobulin E assays could increase the reliability of the assessment. Further development of alternative assays may be needed to assess the next generation of products.     

Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability of Asiaticoside,Madecassoside and Asiatic Acid in Porcine Brain Endothelial Cell Model

Neurotherapeutic potentials of Centella asiatica and its reputation to boost memory, prevent cognitive deficits and improve brain functions are widely acknowledged. The plant's bioactive compounds, i.e. asiaticoside, madecassoside and asiatic acid were reported to have central nervous system (CNS) actions, particularly in protecting the brain against neurodegenerative disorders. Hence, it is important for these compounds to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to be clinically effective therapeutics. This study aimed to explore the capability of asiaticoside, madecassoside and asiatic acid to cross the BBB using in vitro BBB model from primary porcine brain endothelial cells (PBECs). Our findings showed that asiaticoside, madecassoside and asiatic acid are highly BBB permeable with apparent permeability (P_app) of 70.61 ± 6.60, 53.31 ± 12.55 and 50.94 ± 10.91 × 10^?6 cm/s respectively. No evidence of cytotoxicity and tight junction disruption of the PBECs were observed in the presence of these compounds. Asiatic acid showed cytoprotective effect towards the PBECs against oxidative stress. This study reported for the first time that Centella asiatica compounds demonstrated high capability to cross the BBB, comparable to central nervous system drugs, and therefore warrant further development as therapeutics for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.     

Interaction of Moisture with Sodium Starch Glycolate

The relationship between the apparent moisture content and moisture sorption of modified starches was investigated. Samples of sodium starch glycolate (SSG), pregelatinized starch (PGS) and potato starch (PS) were stored for various times at 44% or 75% relative humidity (RH) to produce samples with moisture contents of up to 14%, as determined by loss on drying (LOD). Evaluation of LOD and mass gain data suggested that measured mass gain equated to predicted LOD values for PGS and PS. However, in SSG there was a nonstoichiometric relationship between mass gain and predicted LOD. In addition, samples of SSG displayed hysteresis during dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) cycling in that an apparent mass loss of about 2–3% was observed for two of the SSGs, with PS and PGS exhibiting reversibility. In some cases, SSG exhibited an apparent mass loss during the DVS cycle at with 50% RH. These observations suggest that one or more of the components of SSG “interact” with moisture. Because X-ray diffraction suggested there was no dramatic change in the crystallinity of SSG, an exchange of residual SSG solvent, alcohol, with moisture may, in part, explain the moisture sorption behavior of SSG.     

Ordered mesoporous silica modified with lanthanum for ibuprofen loading and release behaviour

The ordered mesoporous silicas SBA-15 and KIT-6, modified with lanthanum, have been for the first time applied in investigation of ibuprofen adsorption and release. The materials of hexagonal and regular structure were obtained by the hydrothermal method using a triblock copolymer Pluronic P123 as a template. The mesoporous silicas were impregnated with an aqueous solution of lanthanum(III) chloride in the amount necessary to obtain 1, 3 and 5 wt.% La loading. The physicochemical properties of the modified silicas were characterised by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, UV–Vis spectrophotometry and low-temperature nitrogen sorption. The results showed that lanthanum strongly determined structural as well as textural properties of the silicas. The samples of modified silica were checked for the ability to adsorb and release of ibuprofen. The storage capacity of the modified silicas obtained increased with increasing their average pore diameter and percentage content of lanthanum. The amount of ibuprofen adsorbed onto KIT-6 silica modified with La was higher than that adsorbed onto SBA-15 materials. The high coverage of lanthanum on the surface of KIT-6 and SBA-15 solids was found to increase the amount of ibuprofen and the rate of its release.     

经皮冠状动脉PCI治疗术缺血修饰蛋白标志物的变化及意义

目的 研究经皮冠状动脉PCI治疗术后缺血修饰蛋白标志物的变化及意义.方法 选择接受急诊经皮冠状动脉支架术治疗的急性心肌梗死患者,按治疗后30 minMA水平分为MA升高组和MA正常组,检测治疗前后外周血TnT、CK-MB水平.结果 治疗后30 min,MA水平(0.37±0.06) ABSU、较治疗前明显升高(P＜0.05),cTnT、CK-MB水平无明显变化；治疗后6h和24 h cTnT、CK-MB水平明显升高,并且MA升高组上述心肌损伤指标明显升高,而MA正常组无明显改变.结论 缺血修饰白蛋白水平在PCI治疗后30 min内就会发生改变,是预测PCI治疗后心肌损伤的敏感指标.