I-Bil、Cys C、APTT对胡蜂蛰伤发生多器官功能障碍综合征的联合预测价值

分析间接胆红素（I-Bil）、胱抑素C（Cys C）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）对胡蜂蛰伤患者发生多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS)的预测价值。方法 回顾性分析2014～2020年川北医学院附属医院急诊科、肾内科、重症医学科收治的129例胡蜂蜇伤患者临床资料,将患者分为MODS组、非多器官功能障碍综合征（NMODS）组。比较两组患者的实验室检查指标,将两组差异指标采用单因素分析,以多因素Logistic回归分析MODS在胡蜂蜇伤患者中发生的独立危险因素,并用受试者工作特征性（ROC）曲线分析该独立危险因素的预测价值。结果 129例胡蜂蛰伤患者,其中MODS组44例,NMODS组85例。与NMODS组比较,MODS组WBC、GR、hsCRP、ALB、ALT、AST、I-Bil、Cys C、MPV、APTT、CK-MB水平明显升高（P＜0.05）。其中I-Bil（OR=1.196, P＜0.001）、Cys C（OR=7.214,P=0.016）、APTT（OR=1.032,P=0.047）是胡蜂蛰伤患者发生MODS 的独立危险因素;I-Bil、Cystatin C、APTT水平联合对预测胡蜂蜇伤患者发生 MODS的ROC曲线下与坐标轴围成的面积（AUC）为0.987（P＜0.001),最佳截断值为63.31时敏感度为0.93,特异度为0.986。结论 I-Bil、Cys C、APTT水平是胡蜂蛰伤患者发生MODS的独立危险因素,三者联合对胡蜂蛰伤患者发生MODS具有更高的预测价值。     

前循环TIA患者血清总胆红素水平与ABCD2评分

目的探讨动脉粥样硬化(AS)性前循环短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者血清总胆红素(T.Bil)水平与其ABCD2评分的相关性。方法收集前循环TIA患者133例进行ABCD2评分,根据评分分为低危亚组、中危亚组和高危亚组,收集其血清T.Bil水平资料,比较三组间血清T.Bil平均水平,分析血清T.Bil水平与ABCD2评分的相关程度及其临床意义。结果 TIA患者血清T.Bil水平较对照组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Kruskal-Wallis H检验显示,三组间血清T.Bil平均水平差异有统计学意义(P=0.004),高危亚组[(7.59±2.05)μmol/L]低于中危亚组[(9.45±3.08)μmol/L],中危亚组低于低危亚组[(11.53±2.26)μmol/L](均P<0.05)。经Spearman秩相关系数检验,血清T.Bil水平与ABCD2评分呈负相关(r=-0.269,P=0.002)。结论 TIA患者血清T.Bil水平随ABCD2评分的增高而降低,并与ABCD2评分呈负相关。     

茵栀黄颗粒联合抚触护理治疗新生儿黄疸30例疗效观察

目的观察茵栀黄颗粒联合抚触护理治疗新生儿黄疸的疗效。方法选取2012年6月至2013年12月来我院就诊的新生儿黄疸60例,依据分层随机分组方法将患儿分为治疗组与对照组,每组30例。对照组给予茵栀黄颗粒冲服,治疗组在对照组的基础上联合抚触护理,2组同时接受常规治疗,均治疗7d。比较2组患儿治疗前及治疗7d后的血清胆红素水平、胆红素下降幅度、黄疸消退时间、胎粪第1次变黄时间及2组疗效。结果治疗前2组患儿指标均未见明显差异（P〉0．05）,治疗7d后,治疗组患儿的血清胆红素水平及黄疸消退时间均明显低于对照组,而治疗组的胎粪第1次变黄时间明显短于对照组,治疗组胆红素下降幅度则明显大于对照组,同时观察组患儿的疗效明显优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论茵栀黄颗粒联合抚触护理对于新生儿黄疸患儿具有更好地降低血清胆红素及促进黄疸症状消退的功效,值得临床推广使用。     

Prognostic impact of the ratio of preoperative CA19-9 to liver enzyme levels in pancreatic cancer patients with jaundice (predictability of combined CA19-9/AST and CA19-9/γ-GGT for jaundiced PDAC patients)

BackgroundCarbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19-9) has been reported as the most significant survival predictor of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the elevation of CA19-9 could interfere with obstructive jaundice and the predictive value of CA19-9 in PDAC patients with jaundice remains to be analyzed and elucidated to find possible adjustments.ObjectiveTo evaluate the predictability of preoperative CA19-9 and its adjustments for the overall survival (OS) of PDAC patients by analyzing the relationship between preoperative serum CA19-9 and total bilirubin (TBIL).MethodsA total of 563 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma in our center between January 2015 and September 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicopathologic information was collected and preoperative parameters such as CA19-9, CEA, TBIL, γ-GGT, AST, ALT, and ALP were recorded as well as overall survival rates, which began from the date of operation to that of death or the last follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with log-rank test and Cox regression models were applied using SPSS and the survival and survminer packages in R software.ResultsUsing 39/390/1000 as the cut-off values for preoperative serum CA19-9, significant capability of OS stratification was found in the total cohort (p < 0.001, MST = 29.7/19.1/15.2/12.1 months) and patients with TBIL <102.6 μmol/L (p < 0.001, MST = 32.2/19.6/15.0/11.2 months). However, in the subgroup of TBIL≥102.6 μmol/L, this classification method was replaced by the combined scoring of CA19-9/AST and CA19-9/γ-GGT.ConclusionsAs an independent predictor of overall survival of PDAC patients, preoperative serum CA19-9 is defective in survival stratification when TBIL≥102.6 μmol/L but a positive survival prognosis could be achieved with the application of combined preoperative CA19-9/AST and CA19-9/γ-GGT.     

Single-centre retrospective observational study comparing trough blood concentration and safety of teicoplanin formulations

Teicoplanin formulations are marketed as antibiotic mixtures with several compounds that share the same core structure. Recent studies conducted in vitro have reported differences in the composition ratio of different teicoplanin products. In this retrospective study, we examined the trough blood concentration of the originator brand and a generic teicoplanin product. Target patients were retrospectively assigned to the originator (Targocid) or generic group. The groups were matched 1:1 using propensity scores. The initial trough blood concentration analysis identified 44 matches. In both groups, the median dosing day for the first measurements was 4, respectively. The initial trough blood concentration of the originator group was significantly higher (mean ± SD, 16.3 ± 4.5 mg/L) than that of the generic group (12.8 ± 4.7 mg/L; 95% CI, ?5.4 to ?1.6). A significant difference was observed in the frequency of serum creatinine elevation in the study of the frequency of adverse events using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (originator group, 41.9% vs generic group, 20.9%). In cases where discontinuation was necessary due to side effects, there were three patients in the originator group and one patient in the generic group. This study found that trough blood concentration differed between formulations. Therefore, correction might be necessary while monitoring drug concentration in the blood. Trough blood concentrations are used as surrogate markers for efficacy and safety, so further studies on differences in efficacy and safety between formulations are required.     

足月新生儿高胆红素性脑损伤不同血清指标的临床意义

目的 研究新生儿胆红素性脑损伤患儿血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(serum neuron-specific enolase, s-NSE)含量与血清胆红素、白蛋白及B/A值的关系。方法 采用ELISA法测定高胆红素血症新生儿血清s-NSE含量, 全自动生化分析仪测定其血清间接胆红素数值(UCB)、白蛋白数值(A), 计算间接胆红素与白蛋白的比值(B/A);将62例s-NSE含量增高患儿分成两组:s-NSE值轻度增高组和s-NSE值重度增高组, 分析两组血清指标的差异, 以及s-NSE值与各指标的相关性。结果 两组间UCB值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05), A值无统计学意义(P>0.05), B/A值差异有统计学意义(P<0.001); s-NSE值与B/A值呈高度正相关性(r=0.687, P<0.001)。结论 B/A比值能较好的反应胆红素性脑损害, 临床可通过对B/A值的监测, 指导高胆红素血症患儿的合理干预。     

L’hypo-albuminémie contribue-t-elle à l’aggravation de l’insuffisance cardiaque ?

BackgroundHypoalbuminemia has now emerged as a powerful prognosticator in heart failure regardless of age, clinical presentation, left ventricular ejection fraction and usual prognostic markers. Growing evidence is that this prognostic value persists after adjusting for causative factors for hypoalbuminemia such as malnutrition, inflammation and liver dysfunction.ObjectiveTo address the prognostic relevance of hypoalbuminemia in frail elderly patients with well-characterized cardiogenic pulmonary edema at high risk for adverse outcome, beyond causative factors for low serum albumin levels. Serum albumin was measured after clinical stabilization to avoid hypervolemia.ResultsIn all, 67 patients with a mean age of 86 years were included. Hospital mortality was 30%. Patients who died and who survived were similar in age, ejection fraction, BNP concentration, serum creatinine, serum hemoglobin, total bilirubin and prealbumin. Patients who died had lower serum albumin levels (P < 0.001), higher blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.03) and higher C-reactive protein (P = 0.02). In multivariate analysis, serum albumin was the sole independent predictor of hospital death (P < 0.01), after adjusting for malnutrition (prealbumin P = ns), inflammation (C-reactive protein P = ns) and liver dysfunction (total bilirubin P = ns).ConclusionSerum albumin is a powerful prognosticator in frail elderly patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema even after adjusting for main causative factors. These results suggest that hypoalbuminemia may contribute to the worsening of heart failure given the physiological properties of serum albumin that includes antioxidant activity and plasma colloid osmotic pressure action. Further studies are critically needed to address the relevance of prevention and correction of hypoalbuminemia in heart failure.