太子参品种资源特性的研究

目的:探讨不同太子参品种类型的栽培特性,为实施太子参的GAP生产提供了重要的理论与实践依据。方法:采用道地主产区专题调研法和系统选择法,应用系统分离纯化种源,采用随机区组设计或对比设计,连续3年品比试验及专题研究。结果:太子参大叶型、小叶型、野生型品种间的生物学性状及生产力特性具有极显著差异(P<0.01),生态适应性、植株特征、花粉粒、染色体和同功酶均有显著差别。结论:首次确立了太子参的品种资源类型并进行定名,建立了太子参品种资源分型研究的性状和生产力指标体系。     

艾灸"肺俞""膏肓"影响BLMA5诱导肺纤维化大鼠TGF-β1表达实验研究

目的:探索针灸阻抑肺纤维化的效应机制,为针灸介入肺纤维化防治提供实验依据.方法:将SD大鼠140只随机分为4组:空白组、模型组、艾灸组、泼尼松组,每组35只.气管内注入博莱霉素制作大鼠肺纤维化模型,造模后7 d开始治疗,以5 mg艾绒灸其双侧"肺俞""膏肓",每穴3壮,每天1次,10 d为一疗程,共治疗3个疗程后处死动物,采用PCR检测其转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)mRNA表达.结果:肺组织TGF-β1mRNA表达分别为:空白组1.0258±0.0057,模型组2.8104±0.2905,艾灸组1.6174±0.1136,泼尼松组1.7176±0.1079.艾灸组、泼尼松组与模型组比较,P<0.01,艾灸组与泼尼松组比较,P>0.05.结论:艾灸"肺俞""膏肓"与泼尼松治疗均能显著抑制肺纤维化大鼠肺组织TGF-β1mRNA表达.     

近交系小鼠H-2基因的PCR检测方法

目的建立快速、灵敏、简便的H-2基因检测方法。方法针对近交系小鼠的H-2D区和H-2K区序列,设计两对特异性引物,分别进行DNA扩增,扩增产物通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,确定H-2基因型。结果通过PCR反应扩增小鼠H-2D区和H-2K区的基因产物,可以区分不同的近交系小鼠的H-2基因型,进而可以区分出不同品系的近交系小鼠。结论利用分子生物学方法进行近交系小鼠遗传学检测,弥补了过去各种方法的不足,并且PCR方法还具备快速、简便、成本低廉、便于普遍推广并易于和国际接轨等优点。所以通过PCR方法可以进行小鼠H-2基因型检测。     

火电厂自然降尘对几种人体正常菌株生长的影响

目的研究火电厂自然沉降粉尘对3株人体正常菌的生长作用机制。方法分析所选火电厂粉尘的物相、主要化学成分及粒度分布,测定粉尘与各菌株相互作用后,菌落数、培养基pH值、葡萄糖(GLU)、电解质等相对试验对照样的变化,同时进行扫描电镜(SEM)分析,观察粉尘颗粒与各细菌的界面接触情况。结果3株人体正常菌与火电厂粉尘作用后,Ca2 、Mg2 浓度最大与细菌对照组(0.58mmol/L和0.38mmol/L)相比分别增加了0.69mmol/L(P<0.05)和0.16mmol/L(P<0.05),菌落数与细菌对照组(17×1011CFU/L)相比分别增加了1×1011CFU/L和12×1011CFU/L(P<0.05),而GLU的消耗量、pH值以及其他电解质等变化不明显。结论适量浓度的所选火电厂粉尘对人体正常菌株的生长影响不明显,但火电厂粉尘对人体体表正常菌(表皮葡萄球菌)的生长影响更为显著,更易造成其平衡失调。     

日本血吸虫p50亲免素基因的扩增及其免疫学特性

目的扩增日本血吸虫(Sj)p50亲免素(IP)基因全长cDNA和DNA序列,进行原核克隆和研究其免疫学特性。方法从Sj成虫RNA中RT-PCR扩增Sjp50亲免素基因完整的编码阅读框,从Sj成虫基因组中扩增其DNA序列,对其cDNA序列和DNA序列进行比较分析,寻找内含子。将其cDNA序列克隆入pET30a( )体中,原核表达并纯化表达产物,Western-blot比较重组蛋白与Sj体内相应天然蛋白的免疫原性和免疫反应性,间接免疫荧光法对p50亲免素进行组织定位。结果Sjp50IP基因DNA序列与cDNA相比,有6个内含子;重组p50IP与Sj体内的天然蛋白具有相同的免疫学特性,该蛋白位于Sj成虫的被膜上。结论成功扩增得到了Sjp50IP基因的全长编码区的cDNA序列和DNA序列,其DNA序列中有6个内含子;重组Sjp50IP的免疫学特性支持将该基因作为疫苗进行进一步的研究。     

视网膜母细胞瘤Rb50细胞株VEGFR-3表达的研究

目的:研究视网膜母细胞瘤细胞株VEGFR-3的表达,探讨视网膜母细胞瘤自身增殖的机制.方法:选择Rb50细胞株,通过S-P免疫组化法、RT-PCR法及PCR产物琼脂糖凝胶电泳等方法,研究Rb50细胞株VEGFR-3的表达情况.结果:S-P免疫组化法呈阳性结果,表明Rb50细胞株有VEGFR-3的表达,RT-PCR产物琼脂糖凝胶电泳表明Rb50细胞株有较高水平VEGFR-3 mRNA的存在.结论:视网膜母细胞瘤细胞株有VEGFR-3的表达,表明VEGFR信息通路对视网膜母细胞瘤生长、浸润的影响,除了与促进肿瘤血管及淋巴管新生,改善肿瘤组织微环境相关外,还与促进肿瘤细胞自身增殖有关.     

Carcinogenic activity of cigarette smoke gas phase and its modulation by beta-carotene and N-acetylcysteine.

Male strain A/J mice were exposed for six hours a day, five days a week for six months to either full tobacco smoke or to tobacco smoke drawn through a HEPA filter that removed more than 99% of particulate matter. After another four months in air, the animals were sacrificed and lung tumors were counted for calculation of multiplicities and incidences. Analysis of the chamber atmospheres showed that in the filtered smoke the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and tobacco smoke specific nitrosamines were reduced to from below 18% to even nondetectable levels of the original values measured in the unfiltered smoke. Aldehydes and other volatile organic compounds such as 1,3-butadiene, benzene, or acrolein were reduced to about 50 to 90% of the concentrations found in unfiltered smoke. Some potentially carcinogenic metals reached levels in filtered smoke ranging from 77% to less than 1% found in full smoke. The mice exposed to the filtered smoke atmosphere had practically identical lung tumor multiplicities and incidence as had the animals exposed to full smoke, significantly higher than in air exposed controls. Diets containing 0.5% beta-carotene or 0.4% N-acetylcysteine afforded some chemoprevention. It was tentatively concluded that 1,3-butadiene might be an important contributor to lung tumorigenesis in this mouse model of tobacco smoke carcinogenesis.     

Immunotoxic effects of short-term atrazine exposure in young male C57BL/6 mice.

The herbicide atrazine (ATR) is a very widely used pesticide; yet the immunotoxicological potential of ATR has not been studied extensively. Our objective was to examine the effect of ATR on selected immune parameters in juvenile mice. ATR (up to 250 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage for 14 days to one-month-old male C57BL/6 mice. One day, one week, and seven weeks after the last ATR dose, mice were sacrificed, and blood, spleens, and thymuses were collected and processed for cell counting and flow cytometry. Thymus and spleen weights were decreased by ATR, with the thymus being more sensitive than the spleen; this effect was still present at seven days, but not at seven weeks after the last ATR dose. Similarly, organ cellularity was persistently decreased in the thymus and in the spleen, with the splenic, but not thymic cellularity still being depressed at seven weeks post ATR. Peripheral blood leukocyte counts were not affected by ATR. There were also alterations in the cell phenotypes in that ATR exposure decreased all phenotypes in the thymus, with the number of CD4(+)/CD8(+) being affected the least. At the higher doses, the decreases in the thymic T-cell populations were still present one week after the last ATR dose. In the spleen, the CD8(+) were increased and MHC-II(+) and CD19(+) cells were decreased one day after the last ATR dose. Also, ATR treatment decreased the number of splenic na?ve T helper and T cytotoxic cells, whereas it increased the percentage of highly activated cytotoxic/memory T cells. Interestingly, the proportion of mature splenic dendritic cells (DC; CD11c(high)), was also decreased and it persisted for at least one week, suggesting that ATR inhibited DC maturation. In the circulation, ATR exposure decreased CD4(+) lymphocytes at one day, whereas at seven days after the last ATR dose, in addition to the decrease in CD4(+) lymphocytes, the MHC-II(+) cells were also decreased at the 250 mg/kg dose. Thus, ATR exposure appears to be detrimental to the immune system of juvenile mice by decreasing cellularity and affecting lymphocyte distribution, with certain effects persisting long after exposure has been terminated.     

竹黄无性株的液态发酵工艺研究

从野生竹黄子实体分离获得能产生竹红菌素的无性株,经液态发酵培养及摇瓶正交试验获得最佳培养基配方和培养条件:蔗糖20 g/L,酵母膏8 g/L,玉米浆2 g/L,pH 6.0,摇瓶装量50/250 ml(V/V),接种量10%(V/V),培养温度28℃,摇床转速130 r/min,培养周期96 h,每升发酵液可获得色价为52的竹红菌素8 g.本试验结果可为工业化生产竹红菌素提供参考.     

绿舒筋总生物碱对人肝癌细胞抑制作用

目的:研究绿舒筋对体外培养肝癌细胞株的抑制效应.方法:采用乳酸脱氢酶释放法测定绿舒筋、5-Fu、环磷酰胺对体外培养肝癌细胞株的毒性作用.结果:绿舒筋具有抑制肿瘤生长作用,并随药物浓度增加其效应增强,其效应类似于5-Fu和环磷酰胺.结论:绿舒筋具有较好的抗肿瘤细胞生长作用,可望成为临床抗癌药物.