急性心肌梗死早期联合测定脑钠素与QT离散度的临床意义

目的探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)早期联合测定脑钠素(BNP)与QT离散度对心脏恶性事件及梗死预后判断的临床价值。方法AMI患者急性期(发病后72h内)测定血浆BNP浓度及心电图QTd水平,并与对照组(CHD患者)进行对照;AMI患者中发生心脏恶性事件者与未发生者进行对照。结果AMI早期BNP浓度及QTd度均增加,与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.01),发生心脏恶性事件者其BNP与QT离散度增加更为显著,与未发生者相比差异显著(P<0.01)。结论BNP与QT离散度的联合测定对AMI早期心脏恶性事件的发生及梗死预后的判断具有较重要的临床价值。     

烧伤病人休克期血浆ANP、BNP含量变化

目的 观察烧伤病人休克期血浆中ANP（心钠素）、BNP（脑钠素）含量变化，探讨其临床意义。方法 选取伤后8h内入院的烧伤休克期住院病人14例，抽取病人静脉血3mL，用放射免疫方法，检测ANP、BNP含量，并与正常成人作对照。结果 烧伤患者休克期血浆中ANP、BNP含量明显高于正常成人，差异有显著性（P〈0．01）；随烧伤面积增大ANP、BNP含量增大，BNP比ANP变化更为明显（P〈0．01）。结论 烧伤后血浆中ANP、BNP含量明显上升；BNP含量的变化比ANP更敏感；休克期ANP、BNP含量的变化可能与容量失衡有关。     

复方丹参滴丸对急性心肌梗死患者BNP及左心室功能的影响

目的：观察复方丹参滴丸对急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者脑钠肽（BNP）及左心室功能的影响并探讨其机制。方法：患者45人随机分为治疗组23例和对照组22例，对照组采用常规西药治疗；治疗组除常规西药治疗外加用复方丹参滴丸口服，每次10丸，每日3次，连服6个月；测患者发病后1、7天及1月的BNP水平，分别于心肌梗死后1周内和心肌梗死后6个月进行彩色超声心动图检查左室射血分数（LVEF）、每搏输出量（SV）和心排血量（CO）。结果：治疗组BNP水平比对照组明显下降（P〈0．05），而SV、CO、LVEF比对照组明显升高（P〈0．05）。结论：AMI患者血浆BNP浓度与AMI心衷程度呈正相关，常规治疗的基础上加用复方丹参滴丸是治疗AMI的有效方法。     

硝普钠治疗慢性肾功能不全高血压危象（附60例临床分析）

目的探讨硝普钠在慢性肾功能不全高血压危象中的应用前景。方法观察60例慢性肾功能不全高血压危象患者给予硝普钠静脉治疗后的效果及不良反应。结果在用药10 min后血压开始下降,约2 h血压下降约25%,临床症状逐渐缓解,有效率达100%。结论硝普钠仍是治疗慢性肾功能不全高血压危象的较好药物之一,其起效迅速,不良反应轻。     

Brain natriuretic peptide in patients with congestive heart failure and central sleep apnea

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible relationship between Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) associated with central sleep apnea (CSA) syndrome and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in an outpatient population presenting with stable congestive heart failure (CHF). MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Ninety patients with CHF due to systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction BNP level. The correlation between BNP levels and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and desaturation index (DI) was evaluated, as was the accuracy of BNP in identifying CHF-associated CSR-CSA, as determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Possible confounding variables were assessed, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis was applied to identify those factors that best predicted the variability in BNP levels. Five of the 90 patients were excluded from the study as they presented with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Of the remaining 85 patients, 25 (28%) presented with associated CSR-CSA. The mean (+/-SEM) BNP level was higher in this group (166.44 +/- 29.6 pg/mL) than in the group with isolated CHF (62.01 +/- 13.6 pg/mL; p < 0.001). There was a moderate correlation between BNP levels and AHI. The ROC curve that best identified CSR-CSA was obtained with a BNP cutoff value of 116.25 pg/mL (sensitivity, 62%; specificity, 92%; accuracy, 83%). Differences between the two groups in terms of BNP levels persisted after adjusting for the confounding variables that were analyzed. Only AHI and DI were independently related to the BNP level, and both explain the 30.5% variability. CONCLUSION: Patients with CHF and CSR-CSA have higher BNP levels than those without CSR-CSA. Our results suggest that CSR-CSA and BNP levels are related. However, the possibility that both factors might be independent expressions of the functional status of CHF patients cannot be ruled out.     

The use of a bedside assay for plasma B-type natriuretic peptide as a biomarker in the management of patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates

OBJECTIVE: To test the utility of the bedside plasma concentration of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) assay as a screen for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature neonates. STUDY DESIGN: Newborn infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) had paired echocardiography and BNP measurements at enrollment and every 4 to 5 days. RESULTS: Twenty neonates (gestational age approximately 28.6 weeks and birth weight approximately 1161 g) had 81 paired echocardiography and BNP determinations. BNP ranged from 5 to 3900 pg/mL. Fifty-six of 81 echocardiograms showed PDA. Significant correlations were found between BNP and ductal size and degree of shunting. Correlation was greater in infants >2 days of age. BNP >300 pg/mL predicted significant PDA, whereas BNP <105 pg/mL predicted absence of significant PDA. CONCLUSION: Bedside measurement of BNP correlates with magnitude of PDA in premature newborns, particularly beyond day 2, and may be useful in guiding diagnostic and management strategies.     

Role of natriuretic peptides in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with carcinoid heart disease

Carcinoid heart disease (CHD) occurs in 20-70% of the patients with metastatic well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours (NET). We evaluated whether natriuretic peptides (ANP or NT-proBNP) are useful in early detection of CHD. Blood samples from 32 patients with NET were compared with cardiac ultrasound follow-up. CHD was defined as thickening of the tricuspid valve in the presence of grade III-IV/IV tricuspid valve regurgitation. CHD was found in nine out of 32 patients (28%), all with symptoms of the carcinoid syndrome compared to 65% in the 23 patients without CHD (P=0.04). Median levels of NT-proBNP and 5-HIAA were significantly higher in patients with CHD (894 ng l(-1) and 815 micromol 24 h(-1)) compared to those without (89 and 206 ng l(-1), P<0.001 and P=0.007). No significant differences were detected in ANP levels (P=0.11). Dilatation of the right atrium and ventricle as well as thickening of the tricuspid valve and degree of regurgitation were statistically significant correlated with NT-proBNP levels. The accuracy of NT-proBNP in the diagnosis of CHD was higher than that of ANP. A significantly better survival was observed in case of normal NT-proBNP values. In conclusion, NT-proBNP is helpful as a simple marker in the diagnosis of CHD. Survival is better in patients with normal levels of NT-proBNP.     

同种异体肾移植患者B型钠尿肽水平的临床观察

目的：探讨同种异体肾移植患者和发生急性排斥反应时血浆B型钠尿肽（BNP）水平及其临床意义。方法：采用免疫夹心化学发光法检测17例首次肾移植患者术前1d、术后第1天、第2天、第3天、1周、2周和3个月血BNP浓度。17例健康体检者作对照。结果：肾移植患者术前1d血BNP浓度显著高于健康对照组（P〈0．01）。肾移植术后血BNP浓度呈下降趋势（χ^2=14．25，P=0．027）。13例没有发生急性排斥反应的患者血BNP浓度术后1周和3个月与肾移植术前比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；4例发生急性排斥反应患者，发生急性排斥反应当天的血BNP浓度显著增高，加强抗排斥治疗后很快下降。结论：肾移植成功后可以降低血BNP水平，但发生急性排斥反应时血BNP浓度显著增高。因此，血BNP浓度可作为早期诊断移植肾急性排斥反应发生的敏感指标。     

经导管封堵对先天性心脏病伴肺动脉高压患者血浆脑钠素的影响及其药物干预研究

目的 探讨经导管封堵术对先心病(congenital heart disease,CHD)伴肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hyperten-sion,PAH)患者血浆脑钠素(brain natriuretice peptide,BNP)浓度的影响及依那普利和美托洛尔的干预作用.方法 选择肺动脉收缩压(SPAP)≥50 mmHg的CHD患者119例,分为3组:A组(依那普利组,0.3～0.4 mg·kg-1·d-1,n=44),B组(美托洛尔组,0.8～1.0 mg·kg-1·d-1,n=39),C组(无药物干预,n=36).分别于封堵术前当天及术后第4天、2个月、6个月抽血检测BNP浓度.药物干预组患者自术后第4天抽血后开始服药.另选同期在我院进行健康检者20例为对照组.结果 ①封堵术前,A、B、C 3组血BNP水平比较无明显差异.与对照组比较,3组术前、术后第4天及C组术后2个月血BNP浓度均显著升高(P<0.01).②用药前,A、B、C 3组血BNP水平无明显差异(P>0.05).术后2个月及6个月时,3组患者血BNP浓度均较用药前显著降低(P<0.01);A、B两组以及C组血BNP浓度分别于术后2个月及6个月恢复至对照组水平.③组间比较显示:A、B两组血BNP浓度于术后2个月时较C组显著降低(P<0.05),药物干预后A、B两组间血BNP浓度比较无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论 在介入治疗术后,CHD伴PAH患者的血BNP浓度先升高后降低,依那普利及美托洛尔均有促进其恢复的作用.     

药物干预对心肌梗死后慢性心衰患者脑钠肽与心功能的影响

目的:观察卡维地洛及缬沙坦对心肌梗死后慢性心力衰竭患者血浆脑钠肽(BNP)、左室重塑及心功能的影响.方法:将69例心肌梗死后慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者随机分为治疗A组(35例)和治疗B组(34例),两组患者常规治疗相同,A组加用卡维地洛,B组加用缬沙坦,两组治疗前后采用放射免疫法检测BNP,于24周后运用超声心动图观察心室重塑和心功能的变化.结果:治疗A组总有效率为90.90%,治疗B组总有效率为90.32%,两组比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05);两组治疗后BNP较治疗前显著下降(P＜0.01);心室重塑和心功能指标与治疗前比较有显著改善(P＜0.01).结论:卡维地洛和缬沙坦均能降低心肌梗死后CHF患者血浆BNP水平,具有阻止心室重塑、改善心功能的作用.