二维彩色多普勒超声心动图诊断扩张型心肌病（附100例分析）

应用ＡＴＬ－ｕｌｔｒａｍａｒｋ超６型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪诊断扩张型心肌病１００例，并与性别、年龄相应的正常人对比分析。结果：除扩张型心肌病各组室间隔及左室后壁舒张期厚度与相应正常对照组相比无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）外，其左室舒张内径及收缩内径、左房内径明显大于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），左室射血分数及左室内径缩短分数较正常对照组明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），并见心腔内血流速度缓慢，颜色变淡。另在７７例病人中探及４０例瓣膜返流。提示该诊断方法对扩张型心肌病具有直观、简便、准确、迅速的优点，为本病的诊断及鉴别诊断提供了良好的手段。     

杀菌性通透性增强蛋白对失血性休克的保护作用及其机理

分别在失血和复苏开始即刻ｉｖ杀菌性／通透性增强蛋白（ＢＰＩ）１．５和３．５ｍｇｋｇ－１，观察ＢＰＩ对大鼠失血性休克转归的影响．结果显示，ＢＰＩ治疗能明显改善失血性休克大鼠肝肾功能，提高休克动物存活率（ＢＰＩ组８１％ｖｓ休克对照组４４％，Ｐ＜０．０５），ＢＰＩ组大鼠复苏后与休克前的血浆内毒素（０．２０±０．０４ｖｓ０．２４±０．０５ｋＵＬ－１）水平无明显变化，血浆肿瘤坏死因子α和白介素６水平较休克前明显升高，但均显著低于休克对照组．提示ＢＰＩ对失血性休克大鼠具有一定的保护作用，其机理可能与ＢＰＩ拮抗休克时内源性内毒素活性，抑制细胞因子反应有关．     

2%戊二醛在根管治疗中的应用

应用戊二醛、甲醛甲酚消毒感染根管各80例，观察其细菌学培养情况，结果表明戊二醛消毒根管后细菌培养阳性率4％，甲醛甲酚消毒根管后细菌培养阳性率为18％，说明戊二醛对感染根管的消毒作用显著优于甲醛甲酚消毒剂。     

Induction of Experimental Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome in PL/J Mice Following Immunization With β2GPI

PROBLEM: Immunization with β₂-glycoprotein I (β₂GPI) induces antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in normal mice and rabbits. Recently we reported early onset of autoimmunity in MRL/++ mice following immunization with β₂GPI. There is a close association between aPL with thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, and intrauterine growth retardation. In this study we evaluated the effect of β₂GPI-induced aPL on pregnancy outcomes in an inbred strain of mice (PL/J). METHOD: Three groups of seven-week-old female PL/J mice (12 per group) were studied. Group A was immunized with β₂GPI and group B with ovalbumin; group C was not immunized. After two booster injections, the mice were tested for aPL, anti-DNA by ELISA, and for ANA by indirect immunofluorescence. Platelet count and pregnancy outcomes were studied at the age of 14 weeks. RESULTS: The aPL and anti-DNA levels were higher at 12 and 14 weeks in group A; the optical densities (OD) were 1.72±0.6 and 0.699±0.25 for group A, 0.091 ±0.040 and 0.230±0.47 for group B, and 0.0435±0.003 and 0.119±0.026 for group C (comparing group A with groups B and C combined, P<0.001). ANA titers rose in groups A and B by age, but they were significantly higher at 14 weeks in group A. The mean titers were 1/286, 1/90, and 1/16 for A, B, and C, respectively (P<0.001). The platelet counts were not significantly different among the three groups. The litter size was significantly smaller in group A, as evidenced by the numbers of viable fetuses among the mice that became pregnant in each group: 0.75, 2.45, and 5.5 in groups A, B, and C, respectively. Seven pregnant mice in group A had complete resorption, seven pregnant mice in group B showed focal (partial) resorption areas, and only one mouse in group C had complete resorption of the embryos, as shown by histopathological studies, although the fecundity rate was similar in the three groups. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a pathogenic role for β₂GPI-induced aPL in the development of experimental models of APS in PL/J mice.     

实验性视网膜脱离Na十-K+-转运ATP酶活性及RPE超微结构改变

目的：探讨实验性视网膜脱离(retinal detachment，RD)后视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epithelium，RPE)对视网膜下液(subretinal fluid，SRF)的输导功能。 方法：将制作成功的实验性单眼RD 28只家兔随机分为4组，每组7只，每只兔的另眼作为对照。分别取RD部位的RPE-脉络膜组织和对照眼相应部位的组织匀浆，再测定ATP水解产物无机磷含量，以判断ATP酶活性；并作实验和对照眼的两种组织相应部位的RP正电镜观察。 结果：实验眼Na^十-K^+_-转运ATP酶活性为(2.16士1.26)/μmol(mg·h)，对照眼为(4.84±1.59)μmol/(mg·h)，二者差异显著(t＝5.52，P<0.01)；酶活性降低程度随病程延长而减轻(p<0.05)。电镜观察实验眼RD后第2至4周有自脉络膜向视网膜方向的吞饮泡，且随病程延长而增多。 结论；RD发生后RPE的外向输导功能增强，随病程进展，此功能减弱而内向输导功能产生。 （中华眼底病杂志，1997，13：83-85）     

白桦树皮挥发油成分的研究

采用气相色谱－质谱联用方法，对白桦树皮挥发油进行了研究，共鉴定出２９种化合物，主要成分为２－氧代丙酸（５３．５４％）。     

CT对眼球异物的诊断及定位

本文比较了11例眼球异物CT与X线影像，并经手术摘出异物证实，CT眼球异物检出及定位准确性均优于X线，尤其对球壁异物的定位，而且能显示断层眼球壁轮廓，具有直观效果，CT异物影像比异物明显扩大，应警惕CT伪影可能使球壁异物定位发生误差，CT目前尚不能完全取代眼球异物常规X线检查。     

大鼠外侧隔核的传出纤维联系

用HRP、WGA—HRP及CB—HRP法顺行追踪了大鼠外侧隔核的传出纤维联系。结果表明外侧隔核发生较多的纤维经内侧前脑束投射到下丘脑;经丘脑髓纹投射到丘脑带旁核、双侧内侧缰核,也有少量纤维投射到外侧缰核,外侧隔核向扣带皮质的投射主要终止在扣带皮质前部,少量纤维投射到后部。此外,有少量纤维投射到杏仁中央核、杏仁内侧核、中缝背核、中央灰质腹、外侧部、被盖腹侧区、脚间核及蓝斑等。     

抗癌药物对心脏毒性反应(附五例报告)

本文报道五例肿瘤患者在用抗癌药的治疗过程中,出现对心脏不同程度的毒性反应,并就有关几种抗癌药物的毒性作用机理及防治进行了讨论。     

家犬实验性附睾淤积症及其超声波治疗对附睾起始部超微结构的影响

实验性附睾淤积症引起家犬附睾起始部主细胞超微结构异常改变,但较附睾体部所见为轻;经超声波处理后(功率0.75W/cm~2,每日一次,每次8min,连续7日)则见其明显改变、或完全恢复,且未造成附睾起始部主细胞新的损伤。本实验结果在与附睾体部主细胞相应变化进行比较后,发现由于附睾淤积症对附睾管不同部位的影响是不同的,因而这种形态和功能均已不同程度改变了的附睾不同部位的主细胞对超声波作用的反应也各不相同,这除因主细胞功能状态不同外,尚与超声波声场的不均匀有关,提示探寻超声波治疗最适宜的量不仅必要,而且是有可能找到的。