锁骨钩钢板内固定治疗NeerⅡ型锁骨远端骨折

2001年3月～2004年4月,我院应用锁骨钩钢板治疗NeerⅡ型锁骨远端骨折,疗效满意。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组25例,男14例,女11例,年龄13～65岁。左侧9例,右侧16例;横形13例,斜形12例。均为NeerⅡ型新鲜骨折,其中ⅡB型骨折7例。受伤至入院时间30min～6d。X线片显示均为锁骨外1/3骨折。1.2治疗方法颈丛麻醉,采用改良Herry手术切口。行骨折复位,用锁骨钩钢板的钩端钩住肩峰后下方,外展及上举肩关节使骨折端紧密嵌合,钛板塑形预弯后紧贴锁骨上方的骨皮质,用松质骨和皮质骨螺钉分别固定远近骨折端,重叠缝合三角肌及斜方肌纤维脚。对ⅡB型喙锁…     

桥式石膏悬吊牵引治疗小儿股骨干骨折

我院自 1992年 1月 - 2 0 0 0年 12月 ,应用桥式石膏悬吊牵引治疗小儿股骨干骨折患者 89例 ,疗效满意 ,报道如下。1　临床资料本组 89例中男 6 1例 ,女 2 8例 ;年龄 2ｄ～ 6岁 ,平均 3 5岁。左侧 39例 ,右侧 4 5例 ,双侧 5例。上1/ 3骨折 2 4例 ,中 1/ 3骨折 5 1例 ,下 1/ 3骨折 14例。横形骨折 36例 ,斜形骨折 30例 ,螺旋形骨折 18例 ,粉碎性骨折 5例。闭合性骨折 85例 ,开放性骨折4例 ,均在伤后 4 8ｈ内就诊。2　治疗方法2 1　桥式石膏制作　患儿仰卧位 ,双小腿前后石膏托 ,后托宽占周径 1/ 2 ,长自足跟至窝 ;前托宽占周径 1/ 3,长自踝…     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨髁上骨折及关节僵硬

目的：探讨应用逆行交锁强内钉治疗陈旧性股骨碟上骨折钢板断裂不愈合并膝关节僵硬的临床意义。方法：对5例患采用断裂钢板拆除，手术松解粘连，矫正畸形，股骨碟逆行交锁铝内钉固定，术后早期应用CPM机锻炼。结果：5例随访8—12个月，肢体无畸形，骨折愈合时间6—9个月，平均7．5个月，膝关节功能按Kolmert评定标准，优4例，良1例。结论：应用逆行交锁铝内钉治疗股骨碟上陈旧性骨折钢板断裂骨不愈合并膝关节僵硬，操作简便，固定牢靠，可早期功能锻炼，效果良好。     

脊柱后结构在胸腰段脊髓神经损伤及爆裂骨折分类中的作用

目的观察脊柱后结构在脊髓神经组织损伤中的作用,为脊髓神经损伤程度评估和预测脊髓神经功能恢复的可能性及进一步完善分类提供依据。方法实验采用高速准静态轴向加载法复制脊椎爆裂型骨折模型,检测椎管内压力变化及脊柱后结构损伤程度。对127例胸腰椎爆裂骨折合并截瘫患者的脊髓神经损伤程度及脊髓神经功能恢复情况与后结构损伤的相关性进行回顾性研究。结果实验证实后柱有损伤者椎管内压力变化峰值较小,无损伤者峰值较大。55例后结构损伤患者中伴脊髓神经损伤38例(69.09%),其中24例(63.16%)神经功能得到恢复,而72例无后结构损伤者有52例(72.22%)合并脊髓神经损伤,其中20例(38.46%)有神经功能改善。两组之间差异有显著性,提示无后结构损伤患者脊髓神经损伤和功能缺失的程度更重。结论无后结构损伤时脊髓神经损伤和功能缺失的程度明显高于有后结构损伤者,脊柱后结构的完整与否对脊髓神经损伤程度起着重要作用,可作为伤情评估、功能恢复预测和完善Denis分类的有效尺度。     

人工股骨头置换治疗高龄股骨颈骨折

1996年12月~2002年6月,我院应用人工股骨头置换术治疗80岁以上股骨颈骨折患者21例,效果满意。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组21例,男4例,女17例,年龄80~89岁。其中2例脑血管疾病后轻度偏瘫。健侧发生股骨颈骨折。材料选用常州市康辉医疗器械有限公司产双极人工股骨头。1.2治疗方法     

浮肩损伤的治疗方法选择

目的探讨浮肩损伤治疗方法的选择。方法52例浮肩损伤患者行非手术治疗15例,手术治疗37例,并对其进行回顾性对比分析。采用Herscovic i功能评估方法;影像学检查主要在肩关节正位X线片上测量盂极角(GPA)。结果48例获8个月~16年随访。非手术组:随访13例,优2例,良3例,可2例,差6例;7例GPA>20°,6例GPA<20°。手术组:随访35例,其中单纯锁骨或肩锁关节固定26例:优16例,良3例,可5例,差2例;20例GPA>20°,6例GPA<20°。肩胛颈、锁骨联合手术9例:优4例,良2例,可2例,差1例;8例GPA>20°,1例GPA<20°。结论浮肩损伤手术治疗明显优于非手术治疗,且多数病例可采取单纯固定锁骨或肩锁关节的手术方案,但对于锁骨骨折合并同侧严重移位的肩胛颈骨折宜采用联合手术治疗,以重建肩关节稳定,促进关节功能的早期康复。     

股骨近端髓内钉治疗青壮年股骨转子间骨折

目的研究青壮年股骨转子间骨折的临床特点及应用股骨近端髓内钉(PFN)的治疗效果。方法对51例50岁以下青壮年股骨转子间骨折患者采用PFN治疗,并对其骨折类型、合并症及临床疗效进行分析。结果随访3个月~3年,患者无螺钉断裂、松动、股骨头切割等,无感染、髋内翻、患肢短缩外旋畸形,无股骨头缺血坏死及骨折延期愈合或不愈合等并发症,髋关节功能评价优良率为95.8%。结论PFN内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折具有创伤少、手术时间短的优点;轴心固定符合股骨转子间的生物力学要求,内固定可靠,能早期获得功能锻炼,减少了术后并发症,适合术后活动要求高的青壮年股骨转子间骨折的治疗。     

The role of primary total hip replacement for the treatment of the displaced femoral neck fractures

Summary The management of displaced intracapsular fractures of the hip is still controversial because of the high incidence of complications after internal fixation or hemiarthroplasty. To avoid some of these complications we have used primary total hip replacement for independently mobile patients over 65 years of age.Of 49 patients who were interviewed an average of 4.6 years after total hip replacement, 81.6% had excellent or good results as assessed by the Harris Hip Score. At that time two hips had been revised and another converted to Girdlestone due to deep infection. The survival of the prostheses was at 5 years 91.3%.It is concluded that total hip replacement is an established method of management for a selected group of patients with this injury, but further prospective studies are needed in order to define the groups of patients that benefit the most.     

Distribution of normal and abnormal fluid collections in the glenohumeral joint: Implications for MR arthrography

Although magnetic resonance (MR) images of the glenohumeral joint frequently demonstrate intraarticular fluid, no specific criteria have, to the authors' knowledge, been published that allow accurate assessment of the amount of fluid present. Also, despite the increasing use of MR arthrography of the shoulder, the optimal amount of intra-articular fluid that should be used with this technique has not been determined. The authors progressively distended the glenohumeral joint in six cadaveric shoulder specimens with a dilute gadopentetate dimeglumine solution and obtained MR images after injection of 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mL of the solution. The pattern of fluid distribution was evaluated, and these results were then used to estimate the amount of fluid that was present in the glenohumeral joint on MR images of 20 shoulders obtained in 12 asymptomatic volunteers. In 14 of these shoulders, intraarticular fluid was present; however, in none was more than 2 mL evident. Results of the cadaveric study also indicated that 15 mL of intraarticular fluid appears to be the optimal amount for MR arthrography.