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101.
猪粪饲养家蝇幼虫的营养成分研究 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
目的 :分析猪粪饲养家蝇 (Muscadomestica)幼虫的营养成分。方法 :引种野生家蝇 ,用猪粪饲养幼虫 ,收获 3期老熟幼虫 ,测定粗蛋白、粗脂肪、氨基酸和脂肪酸构成及微量元素含量 ,用粮食与农业组织 世界卫生组织 (FAO WHO)提出的参考蛋白模式评价 ,并与麦麸饲养的幼虫及鱼粉比较。结果 :每公斤猪粪平均可产(0 13± 0 0 4)~ (0 2 0± 0 12 )kg鲜蛆 ,鲜蛆烘干比为 1∶0 31± 0 12 ,粗蛋白 42 36 %~ 5 2 33 % ,必须氨基酸含量占总氨基酸的 45 10 % (E % ) ,必须氨基酸与非必需氨基酸总量的比值 (E/N)为 0 82 ,E % /T为 3 0 1,脂肪酸含量为 13 73 %~ 16 83 % ,油酸、亚油酸及亚麻酸等必需脂肪酸分别为 36 99% ,7 6 1%和 0 35 % ,Fe 2 91 5mg/kg ,Cu 87 5 5mg/kg ,Zn 2 46 8mg/kg ,Mn 2 49 45mg/kg ,比麦麸饲养幼虫更接近参考蛋白模式 ,营养价值优于鱼粉。结论 :猪粪饲养的家蝇幼虫比麦麸饲养的幼虫更接近参考蛋白模式 ,营养价值优于鱼粉 相似文献
102.
新感与伏邪学说研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
马健 《南京中医药大学学报》2000,16(3):129-132
新感与伏邪学说是温病发病学的主要内容。在系统回顾温病新感、伏邪学说学术渊源的基础止,深入分析其涵义与特点,并对历代有关伏邪学说的学术争鸣进行了归类、汇总,进而提出对新感伏邪学说的研讨应着重于临床实际,分析不同类型温病的病变机理,探讨其演变规律及防治方法。 相似文献
103.
Arend Mosaterd Jaap W. Deckers Arno W. Hoes Angelique Nederpel Albert Smeets David T. Linker Diederick E. Grobbee 《European journal of epidemiology》1997,13(5):491-502
Several scores based on symptoms and signs have been developed to assess the presence of heart failure. The goal of this study was to compare six heart failure scores in non-hospitalised subjects and to determine their usefulness in population based research. The scores were applied to 54 participants of a population based study. All underwent a complete medical examination, including chest X-ray, electrocardiography and Doppler echocardiography. Using all information available, a cardiologist, unaware of the results of the scores, clinically classified participants as having no, possible or definite heart failure. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and receiver operating characteristics were calculated, using the cardiologist's assessment as a gold standard. The cardiologist judged definite or possible heart failure to be present in 17 persons. All scores had a high sensitivity for the detection of definite heart failure, whereas the study of men born in 1913 and Walma's score had the highest sensitivity for the combination of possible and definite heart failure. Gheorgiade's and the Boston score had the highest positive predictive values. In conclusion, five of the six scores we studied are broadly similar in the detection of heart failure. The men born in 1913 score relies heavily on the assessment of dyspnea, resulting in a relatively large number of false positives. Although the scores are useful in detecting manifest heart failure, objective measurements of cardiac function appear necessary to reduce the false positive rate and accurately detect early stages of heart failure. 相似文献
104.
C. Kainz C. Tempfer G. Gitsch H. Heinzl A. Reinthaller G. Breitenecker 《Archives of gynecology and obstetrics》1995,256(1):23-28
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of age and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection associated cellular changes on the predictive value of cervical cytology. In a group of 671 women with Papanicolaou smears suggesting low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or invasive cervical cancer, cervical cytology was correlated with the histological finding. Predictive values were calculated and related to severity of the lesion, age and HPV associated changes. The predictive values of Papanicolaou (cervical) smears suggesting LSIL, HSIL and invasive carcinoma were 40%, 86%, and 78%, respectively. A poor predictive value of smears suggesting LSIL was found among older women. HPV associated changes were diagnosed in 80% of women 25 years of age, 66% in the age group 26 to 35 years, 51% in the age group 36 to 45 years and 38% in women aged 46 years (P = 0.03). The presence of HPV associated cellular changes led to a significantly higher number of overdiagnoses (9% with HPV infection compared to 4% without HPV infection) and HPV negative cases were more frequently associated with underdiagnosis (15% without HPV infection compared to 8% with HPV infection,P = 0.0011). This result remained significant after adjustment for age (P = 0.004). Cellular changes associated with HPV infection most frequently occurred in young women. HPV infection should therefore be acknowledged as source of overdiagnosis in the cytological evaluation of SIL especially in woung women.Supported by the Research Grant of the Mayor of Vienna (no. 1045 [to Dr. Kainz]) 相似文献
105.
Urinary delta-aminolaevulinic acid (-ALA) excretion was evaluated in random urine samples of 191 healthy children, aged 2–14 years, with blood lead levels <0.8 mol/l (mean ± SD: 0.34±0.13), erythrocyte zinc-protoporphyrin <70 mol/mol haem (mean ± SD: 50.4±8.0) and blood haemoglobin >6.8 mmol/l (mean ± SD: 8.2±0.5). It was found that uncorrected -ALA concentration and -ALA/creatinine ratio are age-dependent, whereas the ratio of -ALA/logarithm of creatinine concentration (mean ± SD: 55.3±13.5 mol/log mmol) is independent of age and sex. The authors recommend the use of this parameter for the assessment of -ALA excretion in random urine samples in children 相似文献
106.
葛淼 《吉林大学学报(医学版)》1999,25(4):510-512
目的:为制定中国健康中青年女性全血比粘度参考值的统一标准提供科学依据。方法:收集了中国各地用毛细管法测定的健康中青年女性全血比粘度参考值,并对其与海拔高度的关系进行了研究。结果:发现随着海拔高度的逐渐增大,健康中青年女性全血比粘度参考值也在逐渐增大,相关性很显著。用一元回归分析的方法推导出一个回归方程。结论:如果知道了中国某地的海拔高度,就可以用回归方程估算这个地区的健康中青年女性全血比粘度参考值。 相似文献
107.
短小芽胞杆菌E601抗电离辐射性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 短小芽胞杆菌E601 已在中国确定为辐射灭菌指示菌。为使指示菌在灭菌过程中的应用标准化、规范化,保证灭菌质量,需要对其固有抗辐射性和影响因素,以及如何制备抗辐射稳定的生物指示剂作详尽研究。方法 应用钴60γ射线和高能电子束对短小芽胞杆菌E601 进行辐照,测定不同条件下的D10 值。结果 ①因载体、介质不同,D10 值变化在1 .60 ~2.53kGy 之间。②不同温度下保存一年,指示菌片芽胞抗辐射性无明显变化。但随着保存时间延长,菌片上存活菌数逐渐减少。③载体、介质影响存活率,电子束与钴60 结果一致。结论 短小芽胞杆菌D10 值在1 .60~2.53kGy 之间,且抗性稳定。本试验条件下制备的可溶性菌片抗力高,D10 值为2 .53kGy,可长期保存,适宜作指示剂应用 相似文献
108.
P. M. L. A. van den Bemt A. C. G. Egberts A. W. Lenderink J. M. Verzijl K. A. Simons W. S. C. J. M. van der Pol H. G. M. Leufkens 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1999,55(2):155-158
Objective: This study investigated the relative value of adverse drug events reported by doctors, nurses and patients.
Methods: The study was conducted on a total of four wards: the paediatric and internal medicine wards (including geriatric patients)
of two peripheral hospitals in the Netherlands. Adverse drug events were collected by spontaneous reporting (doctor and nurse
reports) and by daily ward visits, during which the patients were interviewed by a hospital pharmacist (patient reports).
Criteria for relative value of the reported adverse drug events were the number of potentially serious reactions, the number
of reactions not mentioned in the patient information leaflet and the number of reactions reported to new drugs (5 years or
less on the Dutch market). No formal causality assessment was applied.
Results: Over a period of 2 months in 1996 (Hospital I) and 2 months in 1997 (Hospital II) a total of 620 patients were included
in the study and adverse drug events were reported in 179 (29%) of these cases. Doctors reported a statistically significant
larger number of serious (26% of all doctor reports; odds ratio (OR) 3.2; confidence interval (CI) 1.2–8.7) and unknown (39%;
OR 2.5; CI 1.0–6.0) adverse drug events than patients themselves during the daily ward visit. Doctors also reported more serious
and unknown adverse drug events than nurses. Adverse reactions to new drugs were reported during the daily ward visit only
(8% of all daily ward visit reports).
Conclusion: This study reconfirms that doctors are the main source for reports of serious and unknown adverse drug events in hospitalized
patients. However, patients themselves seem to report more adverse reactions to new drugs (during the daily ward visit). By
focusing on patients using new drugs, the daily ward visit might become cost-effective. This needs to be explored in future
studies.
Received: 10 September 1998 / Accepted in revised form: 30 November 1998 相似文献
109.
In this prospective study, birth weight of 304 babies born at Kamla Nehru Hospital Pune during study period was recorded.
From these 304 babies, babies with birth weight above 2000 grams were selected (260 babies) to prepare growth velocity curves.
Daily weight of these 260 babies was recorded for 30 days. The mean birth weight of study population was 2742.5 grams. Among
the daily weight recorded babies, all the babies lost weight ranging from 92 to 218 grams (mean 121 grams) after birth. The
weight loss continued upto 5 days. Days required to gain weight equal to birth weight ranged from 5 to 13 days. Total weight
gain observed in 30 days was 734.7 grams. Predictive value of these curves was tested in 49 infants. Deviation upto 50 grams
of predicted birth weight from actual birth weight was observed in 90% of babies on day-2, 79% on day-4, 65% on day-8 and
39% on day-30. 相似文献