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991.
夏雪雁 《中华医学图书情报杂志》2015,24(2):71-74
针对文献检索部分教学内容抽象、枯燥、容易混淆,难以理解和掌握等问题,在分析类比含义的基础上,将类比思维应用于文献检索教学中,并结合实际教学举例阐述了类比联想在文献级别等概念中的应用和类比推理在CBM和Pub Med数据库讲解中的应用,教学实践证明类比法对重点、难点知识的讲解能够达到由浅入深、化难为易的教学效果,对提高学生分析问题、解决问题的能力和创新思维的培养具有较好效果。 相似文献
992.
介绍了医疗大数据的多维性、不完整性、时序性、冗余性等特点,医疗大数据主要来自医疗服务方、医疗保险方、卫生行政方、医药和医疗器械生产流通方、因特网医疗和生命科学,主要应用于药品研发、疾病诊疗、医疗保险、智能决策、个人健康管理等方面及其面临的数据整合、数据存储、数据共享、人才缺乏和隐私保护等问题的挑战。 相似文献
993.
目的：探讨日间手术集中式与分散式管理模式之间的差异。方法：通过回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院近期开展日间手术的实践,选择2013年6月1日－2014年9月30日之间集中式和分散式不同管理模式下同期开展腹腔镜下胆囊切除术和良性甲状腺疾病（包括甲状腺良性肿瘤、结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺结节）,对日间手术的平均住院日和人均医疗总费用进行比较。结果：集中式管理模式下日间手术患者平均住院日和住院总费用均低于分散式管理的同类患者。结论：日间手术集中式管理模式能更好地缩短平均住院日和控制住院总费用。 相似文献
994.
Marcas M. Bamman Gary R. Cutter David M. Brienza John Chae Daniel M. Corcos Stephanie DeLuca Edelle Field-Fote Mona N. Fouad Catherine E. Lang Anne Lindblad Robert W. Motl Carla G. Perna Darcy Reisman Kenneth M. Saag Sean I. Savitz Kathryn H Schmitz Jennifer Stevens-Lapsley John Whyte Mary E. Michel 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(12):2637-2648
The purpose of this Special Communication is to summarize guidelines and recommendations stemming from an expert panel convened by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR) for a workshop entitled The Future of Medical Rehabilitation Clinical Trials, held September 29-30, 2016, at the NCMRR offices in Bethesda, Maryland. The ultimate goal of both the workshop and this summary is to offer guidance on clinical trials design and operations to the medical rehabilitation research community, with the intent of maximizing the effect of future trials. 相似文献
995.
Stephanie Hyeyoung Lee Ji-Yeong Lee Mi-Young Kim Yu-Jin Jeon Suyoung Kim Joon-Ho Shin 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(8):1447-1453.e1
Objective
To compare virtual reality (VR) combined with functional electrical stimulation (FES) with cyclic FES for improving upper extremity function and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic stroke.Design
A pilot, randomized, single-blind, controlled trial.Setting
Stroke rehabilitation inpatient unit.Participants
Participants (N=48) with hemiplegia secondary to a unilateral stroke for >3 months and with a hemiplegic wrist extensor Medical Research Council scale score ranging from 1 to 3.Interventions
FES was applied to the wrist extensors and finger extensors. A VR-based wearable rehabilitation device was used combined with FES and virtual activity–based training for the intervention group. The control group received cyclic FES only. Both groups completed 20 sessions over a 4-week period.Main Outcome Measures
Primary outcome measures were changes in Fugl-Meyer Assessment–Upper Extremity and Wolf Motor Function Test scores. Secondary outcome measures were changes in Box and Block Test, Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test, and Stroke Impact Scale scores. Assessments were performed at baseline (t0) and at 2 weeks (t1), 4 weeks (t4), and 8 weeks (t8). Between-group comparisons were evaluated using a repeated-measures analysis of variance.Results
Forty-one participants were included in the analysis. Compared with FES alone, VR-FES produced a substantial increase in Fugl-Meyer Assessment–distal score (P=.011) and marginal improvement in Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test–gross score (P=.057). VR-FES produced greater, although nonsignificant, improvements in all other outcome measures, except in the Stroke Impact Scale–activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living score.Conclusions
FES with VR-based rehabilitation may be more effective than cyclic FES in improving distal upper extremity gross motor performance poststroke. 相似文献996.
Carolyn E. Schwartz Brian Stucky Carly S. Rivers Vanessa K. Noonan Joel A. Finkelstein 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(8):1599-1608.e1
Objective
To investigate response shift effects in spinal cord injury (SCI) over 5 years postinjury.Design
Prospective cohort study observed at 1, 2, and 5 years post-SCI.Setting
Specialized SCI centers.Participants
Sample included 1125, 760, and 219 participants at 1, 2, and 5 years post-SCI (N = 2104). The study sample was 79% men; 39% were motor/sensory complete (mean age, 44.6±18.3y).Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures
Patient-reported outcomes included the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey version 2 and the Life Satisfaction-11 Questionnaire. Participant latent variable scores were adjusted for (1) potential attrition bias and (2) propensity scores reflecting risk of worse outcomes. The Oort structural equation modeling approach for detecting and accounting for response shift effects was used to test the hypothesis that people with SCI would undergo response shifts over follow-up.Results
The study data comprised the time after FIM scores, an objective measure of motor and cognitive function, had improved and stabilized. Three latent variables (Physical, Mental, and Symptoms) were modeled over time. The response shift model indicated uniform recalibration and reconceptualization response shift effects over time. When adjusted for these response shift effects, Physical showed small true change improvements at 2- and 5-year follow-up, despite FIM stability.Conclusions
We detected recalibration and reconceptualization response shift effects in 1- to 5-year follow-up of people with SCI. Despite stable motor and cognitive function, people with SCI are adapting to their condition. This adaptation reflects a progressive disconnection between symptoms and physical or mental health, and a real improvement in the Physical latent variable. 相似文献997.
Shelley A. Wiechman Kara McMullen Gretchen J. Carrougher Jame A. Fauerbach Colleen M. Ryan David N. Herndon Radha Holavanahalli Nicole S. Gibran Kimberly Roaten 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(7):1311-1317
Objective
To identify important sources of distress among burn survivors at discharge and 6, 12, and 24 months postinjury, and to examine if the distress related to these sources changed over time.Design
Exploratory.Setting
Outpatient burn clinics in 4 sites across the country.Participants
Participants who met preestablished criteria for having a major burn injury (N=1009) were enrolled in this multisite study.Interventions
Participants were given a previously developed list of 12 sources of distress among burn survivors and asked to rate on a 10-point Likert-type scale (0=no distress to 10=high distress) how much distress each of the 12 issues was causing them at the time of each follow-up.Main Outcomes Measures
The Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey was administered at each time point as a measure of health-related quality of life. The Satisfaction With Appearance Scale was used to understand the relation between sources of distress and body image. Finally, whether a person returned to work was used to determine the effect of sources of distress on returning to employment.Results
It was encouraging that no symptoms were worsening at 2 years. However, financial concerns and long recovery time are 2 of the highest means at all time points. Pain and sleep disturbance had the biggest effect on ability to return to work.Conclusions
These findings can be used to inform burn-specific interventions and to give survivors an understanding of the temporal trajectory for various causes of distress. In particular, it appears that interventions targeted at sleep disturbance and high pain levels can potentially effect distress over financial concerns by allowing a person to return to work more quickly. 相似文献998.
目的：对比分析国内外MOOC医学课程现状,为中国学习者提供高效便捷的MOOC医学课程及远程医学教育。方法：对Coursera、edX、“中国大学MOOC”、“人卫慕课”4家平台的医学课程在数量、授课大学、授课语言、课程认证及中外MOOC医学课程的发展现状进行了对比分析。结果：中国的MOOC医学课程在数量、规模、认证方式等方面与国外还存在一定差距。结论：国内医学工作者应抓住机遇,为国内学习者提供更为便利高效的MOOC医学学习平台。 相似文献
999.
管凤贞 《中华医学图书情报杂志》2015,24(7):78-80
结合学生意见和建议,总结分析了医学文献检索课教学中存在的问题,针对这些问题提出了改进教学硬件设备、改变教学方式、开通多种课后答疑和辅导途径、强化学生的信息技能、完善课程考核形式等改革措施。 相似文献
1000.
介绍了现阶段卫生信息化建设的人才需求、医学院校信息管理与信息系统专业毕业的就业形势和毕业论文撰写教学的重要性,重点分析了毕业论文撰写教学存在的问题,并以蚌埠医学院为例,有针对性地提出了具体改进措施,构建了基于成长性评价思想的新型毕业论文撰写教学模式。 相似文献