仙人掌粉对糖尿病大鼠血糖的影响

目的　研究仙人掌对糖尿病血糖的影响。方法　采用四氧嘧啶造成大鼠实验性糖尿病模型 ,然后将高、中、低 3种剂量的仙人掌粉加入到基础饲料中进行实验观察。结果　仙人掌粉高 (10g kg·d)、中 (5 .0g kg·d)剂量组均可显著降低糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖 ,并且高剂量组具有显著改善糖尿病大鼠尿量增加的作用。各剂量组对正常大鼠血糖无明显影响。结论　仙人掌粉能有效降低四氧嘧啶所导致的糖尿病大鼠的血糖、尿量     

“非典已从自然界灭绝”此说缺乏证据

2005年2月22日媒体报道，美国科学家20日说，曾在全世界引发恐慌的非典型肺炎病毒现在已经得到非常有效的控制，可以认为，除实验室内的实验用样本外，这种病毒已在自然界中灭绝。各国已可从容应对疫情在美国科学促进协会举办的会议上，科学家们说，研究发现“非典”现在已经不再在人类或动物间传播，不必担心“非典”疫情会再次通过自然界的宿主爆发。     

耳后上颈部皮管修复创伤性耳郭部分缺损

耳郭为头颅两侧对称突出的器官，易受烧伤、人或动物咬伤及挤压伤等多种创伤而导致耳郭部分缺损畸形，直接破坏头面的整体美观，也对患者心理造成严重影响，患者要求修复的意愿极其强烈。笔者在缺损侧耳后上颈部设计皮管，对47例创伤性耳轮及耳垂部分缺损进修复，效果满意.现报告如下．     

荷人卵巢癌严重联合免疫缺陷鼠腹腔移植模型的建立

目的 :建立荷人卵巢癌细胞株 SKOV3严重联合免疫缺陷小鼠 (SCID)动物模型。方法 :SCID鼠腹腔注射人 SKOV3卵巢癌细胞 1× 10 7个 /只 ,饲养在无特定病原体环境中 ,观察其生物学特性。结果 :实验组 3只 SCID小鼠腹腔内均见肿瘤生长 ,并形成以横膈、肠系膜、肝周、腹膜为主的转移灶 ,其中 1只肺部有镜下转移灶。移植后肿瘤细胞在形态、生长、分泌 CA12 5功能方面均与原细胞株保持一致。结论 :建立的荷人 SKOV3卵巢癌 SCID鼠腹腔移植模型能较好地模拟人卵巢癌腹腔播散的生物学特征。     

动物的“美德”

螳螂的“爱情”别具一格，充满着悲壮色彩。螳螂的“成婚”之日，便是雄螳螂的生命终结之时。因为在它们的交媾过程中，新婚“丈夫”会被比它体形更大的“妻子”当作“美昧佳肴”吃掉。雌螳螂在交配、繁殖、产卵时，需要消耗大量的体能。为了补充养分，与其交配的雄螳螂便成为它唾手可得的方便“营养物”了。     

失眠后为什么记性差

很多人都有过这样的体会,在一晚失眠之后第二天会记性差。美国和英国研究人员最新进行的一项动物实验揭示了其中的生理机制,并发现可以用药物来抵消失眠对记忆造成的不良影响。     

不同浓度臭氧注入猪椎间盘后氧化效果的实验研究

目的观察低、中、高浓度臭氧注入猪正常椎间盘后不同时间段髓核组织的变化,探索既高效又安全的臭氧浓度,为临床注射臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症提供实验依据。方法小型猪10只,于透视下用21G Chiba针刺入猪腰椎间盘中心部,经穿刺针注入臭氧3 ml,重复3次,在椎间孔处注入5 ml于椎旁组织内。其中L5~6,L4~5,L3~4和L2~3分别注入臭氧浓度为90μg/ml,60μg/ml,30μg/ml及无菌空气,L6~S1不进行任何干预,为空白对照。分别在注射后1天、1周、1个月、2个月和3个月后处死动物各2只,在相同时间点进行CT及MR检查。处死后取出椎间盘及椎旁肌肉标本,作大体和光镜下观察,对髓核氧化及退变程度进行量化评分。结果术后3个月内髓核氧化及退变程度评分随时间推移逐渐增高,臭氧浓度越高,增高趋势越明显。术后MRI随访1个月时高浓度组髓核信号T2加权开始减低,其他组不明显。术后2个月注射组所有椎间盘信号均减低,臭氧浓度越高,信号减低越明显。光镜下1天出现髄核细胞的肿胀变性,1周髄核细胞出现与注射浓度正相关的体积缩小和基质含量减少,此后胶原纤维增生,逐渐取代髄核组织,在3个月时,高浓度组髄核干涸的程度,继发纤维化均较中、低浓度组高,并且出现相邻椎体骨性融合。中、高浓度椎旁肌肉注射1周时出现肌纤维肿胀变性及间质黏液变性。结论臭氧浓度越高,髄核的干涸效果越明显,椎间盘退行性变也越明显。高浓度臭氧盘内注射,3个月后椎间盘退变严重,不宜进行临床应用,椎旁肌肉内不宜注射中、高浓度臭氧。     

大鼠完全性单侧输尿管梗阻可复模型的建立

目的 建立1种可复的完全性单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠模型(UUO).方法 取成年雄性大鼠42只,随机平均分为实验和对照两组,分别采用V管卡压法输尿管结扎术(实验组)和单纯丝线结扎术(对照组).3周后解除梗阻,分别在梗阻术前、术后1、2、3周和解除梗阻后1、3、6周,采用彩色多普勒超声(DCFI)分别测定积水肾肾盂前后径(APD)、最大肾皮质厚度(RCT)及肾盂容积(V),并进行大体和病理学观察.结果 两组动物在梗阻术后,随时间延长,V、APD逐渐增大,RCT逐渐减小,不同时期之间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).解除梗阻后,实验组V、APD渐趋减小,RCT趋向增大.对照组V、APD继续增大,RCT继续减小.结论 以V管卡压法建立的大鼠UUO模型,不仅符合急性完全梗阻性肾积水的要求,而且具有良好的可复性.该术式简单、易行,实验费用低廉.     

Feasibility of establishing cerebral ischemia models by using aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery of piglets Imaging assessment

BACKGROUND: The cerebral ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion animal models are used to simulate the human cerebrovascular diseases is one of the popular topics of neurological science recently. To study the pathophysiology, pathogenesis, prophylaxis and treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and to establish the ideal animal model that is the most similar to the human cerebral ischemia, are the topics that the people generally cared about. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery on the establishment of cerebral ischemia models by using digital subtraction angiography (DSA), magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI). DESIGN: Repetitive measure animal experiment. SETTING: Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University. MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Animal Laboratory (Provincial Laboratory), Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian Univeristy from January to May 2006. A total of 14 domestic piglets, of 6 months old, weighing 12–15 kg, of either gender, were selected from Animal Experimental Center, Dalian University. Multistar T.O.P digital subtraction angiography machine was provided by Siemens Company, German. METHODS: Aerocyst-blocking bilateral ascending pharyngeal artery was used to establish cerebral ischemia models. And then, Multistar T.O.P. DSA was used for imaging of cerebral vessels before blocking, during blocking and at 0.5 and 2 hours after ischemia perfusion. GE Signa 1.5 T supraconduction magnetic resonance imaging was used for DWI examination; in addition, PWI was used based on focal sites and areas. Otherwise, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to detect signal changes of T1WI and T2WI in ischemic areas. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Analytic results of DSA, DWI, PWI and MRI. RESULTS: All 14 experimental piglets were involved in the final analysis. ① DSA: The blood flow of bilateral ascending pharyngeal arteries and its branch were blocked at blocking phase, which restored 0.5 and 2 hours after reperfusion. ② DWI and PWI: There were no observable abnormalities in PWI and DWI at pre-blocking. Abnormal increased signals were found on both DWI and PWI at during and post-blocking. There were reduction in ADC and rCBF and delay in rTTP at all time points except pre-blocking. ③ MRI: There were no abnormal signals observable at any time of pre- and post-blocking in T1WI and T2WI. CONCLUSION: It is feasible to establish this kind of animal experimental models, and it can simulate the ischemic state; meanwhile, the existence and extent can be showed directly by DSA, DWI, and PWI.