4种南药中微量元素溶出率的研究

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)同时测定槟榔、益智、砂仁、巴戟天等4种南药药材及水煎液中13种微量元素Cu、Zn、M n、Fe、Co、Ni、Cr、Se、Sn、Cd、As、Hg、Pb的含量,并计算出药材水煎液中各微量元素的溶出率。结果表明,4种南药中13种元素的溶出率存在一定差异,其中M n、Se、Zn、Ni元素的溶出率较高,在12.3%~58.7%之间,Cr元素溶出率较低,为0%~0.2%之间。该结果为南药的有效成分研究提供了基础数据。     

酶消化-ICP/MS法测定广东省部分地区居民血中稀土元素含量

目的研究广东省部分地区居民血中稀土元素(REE)的本底值特征。方法对广东省广州市越秀区和韶关市北江区两个地区城市居民进行分层整群随机抽样,以问卷调查方式进行流行病学调查,并采用蛋白酶消化-ICP/MS法检测全血中La、Ce、Pr、Nb、Sm、Eu、Gd、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb和Lu共13种稀土元素。结果分别调查广州越秀区和韶关北江区515、735名居民,两地区居民全血中13种稀土元素在本方法检出限范围内(10-10)均可检出;其中越秀区13种REE总量均值为1.826μg/L,轻稀土含量为1.679μg/L,配分为91.9%;重稀土含量为0.147μg/L,配分为8.1%;La、Ce占稀土总量的88.8%。北江区13种REE总量均值为2.917μg/L,轻稀土含量为2.720μg/L,配分为93.2%;重稀土含量为0.197μg/L,配分为6.8%,La、Ce占稀土总量的87.6%;两地区居民血中稀土元素总量均值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),各分量值除Ho、Er外,其他11种元素分量值差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论两个地区居民血中稀土特点以轻稀土为主,高Ce、高La,不同地区居民血中稀土元素本底值存在差异。     

地杨桃中微量元素含量测定

采用ICP—MS法和原子荧光光度法测定了地杨桃中铁、锌、铜、锰、锶、铬、钴和硒微量元素含量，为对其进行科学研究提供依据。     

ICP-MS同时测定食盐中的Pb、Cd、Cu、As和Ba

目的：建立ICP-MS同时测定食盐中Pb、Cd、Cu、As和Ba的分析方法。方法：采用0．1％HNO3溶解后直接用ICP-MS进行分析。结果：整个方法的检出限为0．008～0．044mg／kg，可以满足测定的要求，精密度优于3．5％，回收率为96．0％～106％。对3个标准参考物质的分析结果令人满意。结论：可用ICP-MS同时测定食盐中Pb、Cd、Cu、As和Ba,整个方法具有简单、快速和准确的特点。     

ICP-MS法测定高钙食品中铅、镉、砷、铜的研究

目的：研究溶液中高含量钙的基体效应及降低基体干扰的方法,建立ICP-MS测定高钙食品中铅、镉、砷、铜含量的分析方法。方法：样品采用微波消解,通过研究功率和载气流速在不同钙基体含量时对铅砷铜镉测定的影响,结合调谐液优化仪器工作参数,选择合适的内标元素对钙基体干扰进行校正。结果：高钙食品中钙基体含量不超过0.1%,在90 min内连续进样引起的基体干扰基本上得到克服。各元素加标回收率均在86%-99%,标准偏差均低于3.5%。结论：方法准确可靠,适用于高钙食品中铅、镉、砷、铜含量的同时测定。     

复方氨基酸类注射液中铝元素3种测定方法的比较

目的 比较电感耦合等离子质谱法（ICP-MS）、电感耦合等离子原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定复方氨基酸类注射液中铝元素含量的差异。方法 通过方法学验证和样品测定，对比分析3种方法的线性、重复性、准确度、定量限、检测限和样品测定结果。结果 ICP-MS、ICP-AES和HPLC 3种方法在5~200μg·L^-1内相关系数均>0.999；重复性结果相对平均偏差RSD （n=6）分别为2.4%，5.5%和7.6%；加样回收率分别为103.2%，106.0%和105.7%；定量限分别为1.2，4.1，5.0μg·L^-1；ICP-MS法和ICP-AES法的检出限分别为0.4，1.2μg·L^-1；43批复方氨基酸类注射液样品的铝元素测定结果基本一致。结论 3种方法均可满足复方氨基酸类注射液中铝元素含量的测定要求，ICP-MS法简便、快速、准确。HPLC仪器成本较低，更易于实验室推广。     

Safety assessment of a novel ingredient for removable chewing gum

Rev7™ is an indigestible gum polymer used for the manufacturing of chewing gum. It allows for the formulation of chewing gum with low adhesion; thus can be readily removed from surfaces such as sidewalks, clothing, carpets and furniture. In a toxicological safety assessment, Rev7™ was found to be non-mutagenic in the AMES assay. The highest concentration tested in a mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase locus gene mutation assay induced a slight but biologically relevant increase in mutations under non-metabolic activation conditions after 24 h. Because of this finding, a mouse micronucleus assay was performed, and the test article was found to be negative for inducing chromosomal damage. A 28-day repeated oral toxicity study resulted in a NOAEL of 80,000 ppm; the highest concentration tested. Rev7™ was found to be free from contaminants such as heavy metals, monomers, and solvents. Lastly, Rev7™ did not demonstrate skin-sensitizing properties in the murine local lymph node assay.     

Trace element concentrations in breast cancer patients

Alterations in the circulating levels of trace elements have been observed in breast cancer (BC) patients. However, the relationships between these alterations and the metabolic and clinical consequences of BC are unknown. The treatment-of-choice of BC is surgery followed by radiation therapy (RT). The present study was aimed at investigating: 1) the concentrations of several trace elements in BC patients, and their relationships with the intrinsic molecular subtypes of tumors; 2) the toxicological effect of RT. We studied 49 women with BC who were scheduled to receive RT following excision of the tumor. Plasma samples were obtained before and after the irradiation procedure. The control group was composed of 49 healthy women. Patients had significantly lower pre-RT concentrations of B, Cu, and Zn, and significantly higher concentrations of Sr than the control group. Irradiation was associated with a striking increase in plasma B concentrations, while Cu, Fe, Sr and Zn concentrations were not significantly different from pre-RT levels, albeit Sr and Zn showed non-significant trends towards increases. The plasma concentrations of B, Cu, Fe, Sr, and Zn were associated with the tumor expression of hormone receptors, epidermal growth factor receptor 2, Ki67 antigen, as well as dermatitis and asthenia, all of which represent the main toxicological responses to RT.     

ICP-MS分析不同产地黄连中39种无机元素

目的:建立黄连中39种无机元素的含量分析方法,为黄连后续的相关研究提供参考。方法:采用微波高压消解法对样品进行消解,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对样品中39种无机元素的含量进行检测,并对检测方法进行方法学考察。结果:分析方法符合测定要求,67批次样品中K、Mg、Mn、Zn、Fe 5种元素的平均含量最高,稀土元素的含量则普遍较低。各产地黄连在遗传距离为10时,表现出了较好的产地聚集性特征。结论:该方法操作简便、快速、准确,结果可靠,适用于黄连中无机元素的含量分析。     

50批市售中药材中汞含量考察及结果分析

目的:考察不同品种、不同批次的常见市售中药材中汞(Hg)含量,为中药材中汞的限量控制及市场监管提供有力依据。方法:采用微波消解法消解样品,以铋(Bi)元素为内标,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定不同批次的11种中药材(人参、白芍、甘草、枸杞子、海藻、黄芪、金银花、山楂、水蛭、西洋参、昆布)中Hg元素的含量,并采用SPSS软件进行聚类分析。结果:汞元素线性关系良好,相关系数r≥0.999 0,汞元素的检出限为0.006μg/L,平均回收率为100.9%,RSD为1.9%,重复性和精密度的RSD分别为1.06%和2.48%,均≤5%;有12批中药材汞含量超标,Hg含量受中药材自身特性及产地影响较大,系统聚类分析结果表明有11批次的中药材Hg含量差异较大。结论:该方法适用于大批量市售中药材中汞元素的含量考察及结果分析。