Thrombocyte functions,thrombelastograms and fibrinogen of healthy children in different age groups

Platelet counts, adhesiveness, aggregation and spreading capacity, as well as the thrombopoiesis index, thrombelastogram and fibrinogen were examined in 74 healthy children aged from 2 to 14 years.Sex-linked differences were only found in the thrombopoiesis index. Agelinked differences showed in practically all the parameters, especially in the platelet counts, fibrinogen and thrombelastograms.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. J. Ströder of the Universitäts-Kinderklinik Würzburg on the occasion of his 65th birthday     

制霉菌素口腔粘附片的研制及粘附性考察

目的:研制制霉菌素口腔粘附片,并考察其生物粘附性。方法:以卡波姆(CP)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)为粘附材料和缓释骨架制备不同处方配比的制霉菌素口腔粘附片,测定其粘附力、粘附时间、溶胀百分比和表面pH值。结果:不同处方配比制备的粘附片生物粘附性差异较大,以CP∶HPMC为1∶1的处方制备的粘附片效果较好。结论:成功制备了制霉菌素口腔粘附片,其可用于进一步的体内、外研究。     

重组防御素5对铜绿假单胞菌的杀菌效应和抗粘附作用

目的:观察重组防御素5(rHD-5)对铜绿假单胞菌的杀菌/抑菌效果。方法:将冷存的 rHD-5按照浓度稀释成100μg/ml(Ⅰ液)、200μg/ml(Ⅱ液)和300μg/ml(Ⅲ液),以不含 rHD-5的磷酸盐缓冲液(O 液)为对照,观察了它们对大肠杆菌标准株(ATCC25922)、铜绿假单胞菌标准株(ATCC27853)、铜绿假单胞菌野生株的杀菌效果,以及抗铜绿假单胞菌野生株对小肠上皮细胞(IEC-6)粘附的效果。结果:随着 rHD-5浓度的逐渐增加,对大肠杆菌的抑菌坏直径也相应扩大,O 液、Ⅱ液、Ⅲ液的抑菌坏直径分别为0mm、15.78±0.67mm、31.11±0.89、36.94±0.77mm;虽然对铜绿假单胞菌标准株的抑菌坏直径没有上述趋势,但Ⅲ液产生了抑菌环,直径为16.67±0.79mm,对铜绿假单胞菌野生株则无抑茵环产生。此外,O 液、Ⅰ液、Ⅱ液、Ⅲ液干预铜绿假单胞菌野生株后,对 IEC-6的平均粘附率分别为98.02%±0.51%、18.68%±1.49%、9.46%±2.74%、0.73%±0.44%,单个 IEC-6细胞所粘附的细菌数分别为20.52±6.70、4.26±2.70、6.88±3.92和0.68±0.79,受损害的 IEC-6所占百分比分别为30.88%±30.48%、8.36%±4.52%、2.94%±3.58%、0%,均呈剂量依赖性降低趋势。结论:rHD-5对铜绿假单胞菌的杀菌及抑菌作用,提示其在防治肠源性感染中具有潜在的临床应用价值。     

Options for preventing postlaminectomy adhesion：a comparative study in rabbit model

OBJECTIVE: To compare the various methods for prevention of peridural adhesion. METHODS: Laminectomy was performed in lumbar 1, 3 and 5 segments in 30 adult rabbits that were divided into 5 groups. A 10 mmx5 mm dura was exposed, and then covered with autogenou purifieds pearl fat (APPF) mixed with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in Group A, with APPF treated with insulin in Group B, with APPF in Group C, with 2% sodium hyaluronate (SHA) in Group D, and uncovered in Group E. The slide sections for histological study were observed at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively. The specimens were observed with a computed imaging analysis system at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS: Severe peridural adhesions were formed in Groups B, C, D and E after laminectomy. But no adhesion was formed in the Group A at all time points. bFGF could stimulate pearl fat revascularization, increase the number of newly formed vessels and contribute to the survival of pearl fat. However, insulin had no certain effect in preventing degradation and deterioration of pearl fat. SHA had some effect in prevention of peridural adhesions only in the early stage, which was weakened with the lapse of time. CONCLUSIONS: APPF implantation mixed with bFGF provides a potential new approach to improving fat survival and preventing peridural adhesion postlaminectomy.     

细菌对模拟胆汁热力学平衡的影响

目的:探讨细菌对模拟胆汁物理鄄化学平衡的影响。方法:观察加入大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和生理盐水的模拟胆汁中胆固醇晶体形成的时间和胆汁成分析出黏附的时间,测量胆汁黏度值和胆汁类脂成分溶解度的变化。结果:加入粪链球菌或铜绿假单胞菌的模拟胆汁,黏度值增加,试管壁上有黏附物质析出。加入大肠杆菌或生理盐水的模拟胆汁中,无类似变化。在不同的胆固醇饱和条件下,黏附物质析出的时间早于或等于胆固醇晶体形成的时间。胆固醇溶解度在加入粪链球菌或铜绿假单胞菌的模拟胆汁中,低于在加入大肠杆菌或生理盐水的模拟胆汁;胆汁酸盐或磷脂的溶解度无显著差异。胆汁析出的黏附物质中胆固醇是主要成分之一。结论:粪链球菌或铜绿假单胞菌增加模拟胆汁的黏度并有黏附物质形成,而降低胆固醇的溶解度。     

Combined leukocyte and erythrocyte aggregation in the peripheral venous blood during sepsis. An indication of commonly shared adhesive protein(s)

We have used a simple slide test and image analysis to reveal the state of leukocyte and erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation in the peripheral blood of 28 patients with sepsis and 28 controls. A significant (P<0.00001) increment in both leukocyte and erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation was noted in patients compared with controls. Moreover, a significant (r=0.73, n=56, P<0.001) correlation was noted between the two adhesiveness/aggregation variables themselves, suggesting a common mechanism responsible for these adhesive phenomena. The significant correlation with fibrinogen suggests that this protein might be such a "non-specific glue." Our results indicate that a simple slide technique and image analysis can assess the aggregability of both white and red blood cells in septic patients. This might have clinical application when interventions to reduce cell aggregability are planned in order to improve blood flow in the microcirculation.     

同向施压测定自酸蚀与全酸蚀粘接系统粘接强度

目的：比较自酸蚀和全酸蚀粘结系统对牙釉质的剪切粘结强度,为临床选择粘结术式提供依据。方法：取近期拔除人上中切牙10颗,轴向纵切,一分为二,分别进入实验组和对照组。一组用Single Bond^TM 2粘结Filtek^TM Z250树脂;另一组用SE Bond粘结Filtek^TM Z250树脂。所有试件按自切端向颈部施压法测定剪切粘结强度。结果：Single Bond^TM 2对牙釉质的剪切粘结强度大于SE Bond,二者的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论：全酸蚀粘结系统对牙釉质的粘结剪切强度大于自酸蚀系统,临床上对牙釉质的粘结应选择全酸蚀技术,采用自切端向颈部的方向施压的原则测定试件的剪切粘结强度更具有科学性。     

Randomized,double-blind,crossover study of the adhesiveness of two formulations of rotigotine transdermal patch in patients with Parkinson’s disease

Objective: In patch-based transdermal drug delivery, adhesiveness is critical for safe and effective treatment, especially in Parkinson’s disease (PD) where excessive sweating is common. This study compared the adhesiveness of two transdermal patch formulations of rotigotine (improved room temperature-stable [PR2.3.1/Treatment A] and intermediate cold storage product [PR2.1.1/Treatment B]), using the largest patch size (40?cm²).

Methods: PD0018 (NCT02230904) was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, crossover study. PD patients received Treatments A and B in randomized order for 2 days each. Patch adhesiveness was measured immediately after patch application and 24 hours thereafter (before removal). Primary variable: change in average investigator-rated adhesiveness score between treatments, per modified European Medicines Agency scale (EMA/CHMP/QWP/911254/2011, 2012).

Results: Fifty-seven patients were randomized; 56 patients completed the study. Five patients were excluded from analysis for accidental unblinding. Treatment A had better average adhesiveness score (mean?±?SD Treatment A – Treatment B: 1.115?±?1.635). A higher percentage of patients on both days had patch adhesiveness ≥95% at 24 hours for Treatment A (first day: 65.4%, second day: 71.2%) vs. Treatment B (46.2%, 36.5%), and were satisfied with patch adhesiveness of Treatment A (first day: 75.0%, second day: 73.1%) vs. Treatment B (65.4%, 59.6%). Average patch-wear duration was similar between formulations (23.761 hours vs. 23.495 hours per patch). Both formulations were well tolerated with no new safety observations.

Conclusion: Results indicated greater adhesiveness for the improved room temperature-stable formulation (PR2.3.1) vs. intermediate cold storage product (PR2.1.1) using the largest patch-size, with comparable safety and skin tolerability.     

国内信息行为研究的热点主题分析

目的:通过分析国内现有的信息行为研究文献,揭示国内信息行为研究领域研究主题和热点。方法:运用因子分析和共词聚类方法对国内信息行为的研究文献中的关键词进行分析及聚类,并探讨该领域研究主题的结构。结果:目前国内信息行为研究主题集中在信息素养、网络信息行为、信息行为模型、信息传播、图书馆信息服务等12个方面。结论:国内信息行为热点研究存在着研究对象多样化、研究主题分散化、研究热度均衡化等特征。     

明胶纤维网粘附性及生物吸收性的实验研究

目的 通过对明胶纤维网在出血创面粘附性能及生物吸收性能的研究,为临床应用和实验研究提供依据。方法 在兔背部取中厚皮片,造成均匀的出血创面,将明胶纤维网（GF）、氧化纤维素（OC）和明胶海绵（GL）三种局部止血材料随机贴敷于渗血创面,4种压力分别压30秒后,用张力换能器垂直向上牵引,二道生理记录仪描记粘附力（g/cm2）;将GF15mg埋入兔肝右叶后,分别于24小时、3天和 1,3,4,8周在埋药部位取标本,观察组织吸收及局部反应。结果 GF和OC与创面的粘附力显著大于GL（P<0.01）,GF随压力的增加粘附力逐渐增大,与OC,GL比较有显著差异（P<0.01）,GF对组织的反应较轻,8周时即可大部分吸收。结论 GF,OC与创面粘附力大于GL,增大压力可以增强GF的粘附力,证明GF是一种止血效果好、组织反应轻、可吸收的止血材料。