修正正交分段线性函数及其在线性与时变线性系统中应用

把分段线性函数和斜波脉冲函数进行统一处理，定义成新的函数，使得新的函数既保持了原先两种函数的基本特性，又获得微分和积分递推算法。应用中具有方便，快速计算的优点。     

The Relative Contribution of Domains of Quality of Life to Overall Quality of Life for Different Chronic Diseases

This study examined the contribution of the quality of life (QoL) domains physical, social and psychological functioning to the explanation of overall QoL. Various disorders may differentially affect QoL domains due to disease-specific factors and, consequently, the relationship between QoL domains and overall QoL may vary between diseases. We therefore studied this relationship for several diseases as well as the differential impact of these diseases on QoL. The present study had a cross-sectional design. We selected patients (aged 57 years and older) with one of the following eight chronic medical conditions: lung disorder, heart condition, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, back problems, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, or dermatological disorders. The total group of respondents included 1457 patients and 1851 healthy subjects. Regression analyses showed that the domain of psychological functioning contributed to overall QoL for all disorders, whereas physical and social functioning contributed to overall QoL for some disorders. Differences were found between most patient groups and healthy subjects with respect to physical functioning; with respect to social and psychological functioning some groups differed from the healthy group. Explanations for the findings and implications for clinical practice are discussed.     

参加社会活动和锻炼对冠心病并发抑郁的影响1

目的：研究参加社会活动和锻炼对新兴工业化农村社区冠心病患者并发抑郁的影响。方法：对114例在我院就医、属三角镇户籍常住人口的冠心病（CHD）患者进行Zung量表（SDS量表）检测，同时调查其经济状况、健康习惯、参加社会活动和锻炼情况等。用SPSS13．0版统计软件进行统计分析。结果：抑郁发生率37．7％，女性44．3％（27／61）高于男性30．2％（16／53）。70岁以上者47．6％（30／63）高于70岁以下者25．5％（13／51）。缺少社会活动（几乎不参加社会活动）、缺少锻炼（几乎不锻炼身体）都抑郁发生率高，可能是冠心病并发抑郁的独立预测因素。结论：适度参加社会活动和锻炼对CHD患者并发抑郁可能有预防作用。     

消化道恶性肿瘤确诊初期患者社会支持与生命质量的调查

目的 调查消化道恶性肿瘤确诊初期的患者半年中的社会支持和生命质量变化。方法 采用社会支持评定量表和CARES-SF对146名患者的社会支持和生命质量进行为期半年的追踪调查。结果 消化道恶性肿瘤确诊初期患者的生命质量为中等，其中婚姻关系维度、性关系维度得分半年后下降。患者所获得的社会支持最多的是情感支持，其次是实际支持，信息支持为第三位。情感支持大多来源于家庭成员，信息支持大多来源于医务人员。患者大多很少参与社交活动。在半年中情感支持、实际支持、信息支持的变化模式不一。诊断初期的患者不能有效地利用社会支持。结论 应对确诊初期患者加强咨询，以充分识别和利用社会资源。应持续评估患者的生命质量和社会支持，并制订干预方案，提高消化道恶性肿瘤确诊初期患者的社会支持程度，最终提高其生命质量。     

Control accuracy and response time in multiple-state myoelectric control of upper-limb prostheses. Initial results in nondisabled volunteers

In myoelectrically operated prosthetic systems control performance decreases with an increasing number of possible movements. A test has been designed that allows quantification of two related qualities of performance. A predefined amount of training was given to 40 nondisabled volunteers without previous prosthetic experience. After training they attempted the test. The two parameters measured were the response time and the control accuracy corresponding to the different movements. It is concluded that even with a very limited amount of training fairly complex control systems can be operated with acceptable performance.     

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) function in T cells: implications for organ transplantation

P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a member of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) family of transporter molecules, is responsible for maintaining low intracellular concentrations of a variety of extracellular compounds and xenobiotics, and for transport of various intracellular molecules. Many drugs are P-gp substrates and intracellular concentrations of these agents may be critical for drug action. Experience in oncology indicates that repeated exposure to P-gp substrate cytotoxic drugs leads to the selection of drug-resistant tumor cells that overexpress P-gp. Since immunosuppressive agents such as cyclosporine, tacrolimus, sirolimus and corticosteroids are substrates for P-gp and since T-cells also express P-gp, it is conceivable that an analogous mechanism exits for therapy-resistant graft rejection. As will be discussed in this article, P-gp may interfere with the response to immunosuppressive therapy through several distinct mechanisms, and as such may represent an attractive therapeutic target.     

小儿与成人喉内肌肌纤维型的差异与喉功能的关系

通过对１０例小儿及２３例成年人的喉内肌进行的ｍｙｏｓｉｎ－ＡＴＰａｓｅ等染色观察，得到小儿和成人各喉内肌不同的肌纤维构成比。成人ＰＣＡⅠ型纤维最多，ＬＣＡ、ＩＮＡ及ＣＴ次之，ＴＡ最少。小儿的各喉内肌也有类似比例。表明不论小儿或成人，ＰＣＡ均具有较强的抗疲劳性，适应呼吸作用的需要；ＴＡ具有较快的收缩速度，以适应发声及呼吸道保护作用。从纤维构成上看，小儿与成人相比，各喉内肌Ⅰ型纤维较为匮乏，表明小儿的喉在发声及呼吸道保护等功能方面尚不够完善。     

Graves病的发病与社会心理因素

对１０７例甲状腺机能亢进症患者和９１名正常人采用艾森克个性问卷及自编社会环境的调查显示：４６．９４％的患者起病前有负性生活事件发生，个性特征甲亢组神经不稳定型及掩饰性评分显著高于正常组，有显著性差异，此结果提示甲亢患者存在明显个性缺陷和负性生活事件，这些因素可作为甲亢发病的一种诱因。     

大学生自我和谐与社交焦虑的相关研究

目的探讨大学生的自我和谐与交往焦虑的特点和关系。方法采用自我和谐量表和交往焦虑量表对310名大学生进行调查。结果男生在自我灵活性和自我和谐上得分低于女生（P〈0．01），研究生在自我灵活性上得分低于本科生（P〈0．01），理科生在社交焦虑上得分低于文科生（P〈0．05）；高自我和谐组在社交焦虑上得分低于低自我和谐组（P〈0．05）；从总体上看，社交焦虑与自我与经验的不和谐、自我刻板性、总体的自我和谐均呈正相关（P〈0．01）。结论大学生的自我和谐和社交焦虑之间均存在相关，自我和谐对社交焦虑具有良好的预测作用。     

社交焦虑障碍患者父母的人格特征和心理健康状况调查

目的探索社交焦虑障碍(SAD)患者父母的人格特征和心理健康状况。方法设研究组(SAD患者的父母)和对照组。入组时按要求进行艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)评定。结果SAD患者的父母在EPQ量表测验中的内外向因子标准分低于对照组;SAD患者的父母SCL-90各项因子除强迫和敌对因子,标准分低于对照组。结论SAD患者的父母的人格特征倾向内向,易安静、内省、离群、不喜欢接触人;SAD患者的父母更容易表现出躯体化症状、人际交往的困惑、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和偏执。