Src激酶家族与紫杉醇耐药相关性的研究进展

Src激酶家族(SFK)在许多恶性肿瘤中均有高表达,对于肿瘤细胞的恶性行为具有广泛的调节作用。紫杉醇是临床上广泛应用的化疗药物,但由于耐药性的出现使其疗效逐渐下降。本文就SFK的结构与调节方式、紫杉醇耐药产生的分子机制以及SFK调节紫杉醇耐药的研究进展进行综述,以期为基于紫杉醇的肿瘤治疗方案提供新的治疗参考依据。     

蛋白质中氨基酸外消旋化的研究进展

蛋白质结构中L-氨基酸可通过外消旋化转化为D-氨基酸,蛋白质中氨基酸的外消旋化可影响蛋白质的空间结构和功能,并证实与一些疾病的发生相关。随着分析仪器技术的不断发展,蛋白质中氨基酸外消旋化分析方法及检测技术也在不断地更新。本文综述了蛋白质中氨基酸外消旋化与疾病的关系、影响外消旋化的因素以及氨基酸外消旋化的检测方法,并对蛋白质中氨基酸外消旋化的研究方向进行了展望。     

增氧型纳米递送系统用于光动力治疗的研究进展

光动力治疗是一种新型非侵入性治疗手段,其原理是光敏剂经激光触发后将能量转移至氧气,生成具有细胞毒性的单线态氧,从而诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡或坏死。作为一种氧依赖性治疗方式,光动力治疗的抗肿瘤效果明显受限于实体瘤的乏氧微环境。因此,逆转并改善肿瘤组织的缺氧情况可显著增强光动力治疗效果。本文重点讨论纳米递送系统介导的肿瘤增氧策略的研究进展,包括氧气直接递送策略、酶催化产氧递送策略、响应型材料原位产氧递送策略和微生物体供氧递送策略,以提高光动力治疗抗肿瘤效果,为进一步研究增氧型光动力治疗纳米给药系统提供了新思路和新方案。     

苍术化学成分和药理的研究进展

苍术中的化学成分主要有倍半萜及其苷类、烯炔类、三萜和甾体类、芳香苷类、苍术醇类等,药理活性研究表明苍术具有抑制胃酸分泌、促进肠胃运动及胃排空、降血糖、抗菌抗炎、心血管保护和神经系统作用等。该文对苍术的化学成分和药理活性进行了综述,以期为苍术的深入研究和开发利用提供依据。     

Constrictive pericarditis.

The diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis remains a challenge because its physical findings and hemodynamics mimic restrictive cardiomyopathy. Various diagnostic advances over the years enable us to differentiate between these two conditions. This review begins with a case report of constrictive pericarditis, followed by a brief history and discussions of etiologies. Clinical features, radiologic, electrocardiographic, angiographic findings, and hemodynamics of constrictive pericarditis are reviewed. The echocardiographic findings are detailed and the recent advances in Doppler flow velocity patterns of pulmonary, mitral, tricuspid valves and hepatic veins are reported. Nuclear ventriculograms depict rapid ventricular filling in constrictive pericarditis and differentiate it from restrictive cardiomyopathy. Endomyocardial biopsy helps further in recognizing the various types of restrictive cardiomyopathies. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging delineate abnormal pericardial thickness in constrictive pericarditis. Association of characteristic hemodynamic changes and abnormal pericardial thickness > 3 mm usually confirms the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis. Effusive and occult varieties of constrictive pericarditis are briefly described. This review concludes with emphasizing the importance of pericardial resection.     

玄参的化学成分及质量控制研究进展

参考阅读近几年来国内外与玄参研究相关的文献,对玄参的化学成分及其质量控制方法进行了综述。目前其主要化学成分为环烯醚萜类、苯丙素苷类、芳香糖苷类等;目前主要的质量控制手段有多指标性含量测定及指纹图谱等,为深入研究玄参提供进一步参考。     

从非酒精性脂肪性肝病到代谢相关脂肪性肝疾病

非酒精性脂肪性肝病（non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD）的患病率逐年上升,世界对该疾病的认识也逐渐深入。多年来,在对该领域不断的探索中发现术语NAFLD的局限性,因此国际多名专家经过多年讨论,最终联手提出了新术语“代谢相关脂肪性肝疾病（metabolic associated fatty liver disease, MAFLD）”,然而这一术语在过去几年饱受争议。从NAFLD到MAFLD,给科研及临床工作带来的影响是不容置疑的。因此,该文简要总结了现有的研究结论,通过多方面对比NAFLD和MAFLD,加深临床医师对MAFLD的认识。     

Progress in bio-manufacture of platelets for transfusion

Blood transfusion services face an ever-increasing demand for donor platelets to meet clinical needs. Whilst strategies for increasing platelet storage life and improving the efficiency of donor platelet collection are important, in the longer term, platelets generated by bio-manufacturing processes will be required to meet demands. Production of sufficient numbers of in vitro-derived platelets for transfusion represents a significant bioengineering challenge. In this review, we highlight recent progress in this area of research and outline the main technical and biological obstacles that need to be met before this becomes feasible and economic. A critical consideration is assurance of the functional properties of these cells as compared to their fresh, donor collected, counterparts. We contend that platelet-like particles and in vitro-derived platelets that phenotypically resemble fresh platelets must deliver the same functions as these cells upon transfusion. We also note recent progress with immortalized megakaryocyte progenitor cell lines, molecular strategies for reducing expression of HLA Class I to generate universal donor platelets and the move to early clinical studies with in vitro-derived platelets.     

2014 年改变乳腺癌临床实践的研究进展

2014年,乳腺癌的治疗取得巨大进步,局部和全身复发率都显著降低了,这得益于高质量的多学科协作团队,以及多年来一些重要的改变临床实践的研究结果。Cossetti等[1]2014年在JCO上发表的一篇文章,是对英属哥伦比亚地区的人群学研究,探讨1986-1992年和2004-2008年间不同亚型乳腺癌复发风险的差异。数据显示,无论任何亚型,乳腺     

露龈微笑病因的研究进展

<正>微笑,作为人们传递情感的重要方式,在人际交往和相处过程中显得必不可少。迷人和谐的微笑,常给人留下美好而深刻的印象。Tjan等[1]对微笑时唇齿的美学特征作出过如下描述:显露上前牙的近乎整个牙冠长度;不显露牙龈;上前牙切牙曲线与下唇内曲线平行;上切牙切缘与下唇刚接触或轻微不接触;显露上前牙和前磨牙;中线与和谐的微笑相一