Pathological Aspects of Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of the Canine Atrioventricular Node and Bundle of His

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of the atrioventricular (AV) node or bundle of His was performed in 12 adult mongrel dogs. The aim was to create chronic incomplete AV block (first- and second-degree AV block) and to examine the histopathology of the ablated lesions. However, the late electrophysiological results (2 4 weeks follow up) were various: normal in 2 dogs, mild PR prolongation (< 50%) in 2 dogs, first-degree AV block (PR prolongation a 50%) in 2 dogs, second degree AV block in 2 dogs, complete AV block in 4 dogs. The maximally ablated area (%) of the atrioventricular conduction system in serial histologic sections from dogs with these conditions was 69%, 75%, 89.5%, 95% and 99.5%, respectively. The number of intact conduction cells at the maximally ablated site varied from 6 to 30 in the four cases of incomplete AV block. The mean ablated volume (%) of either the AV node or penetrating His bundle correlated roughly with the degree of AV block. The ablated lesions were well demarcated and almost replaced by dense fibrous tissue at 4 weeks. Interruption (3 dogs) or thinning (1 dog) of the endocardial elastic lamellae was detected, in association with endocardial thickening (mean 913 μm). Endocardial thrombi were found in 3 dogs (2 fresh, 1 organized). We conclude that radiofrequency catheter ablation does not cause severe complicated lesions. Several possible conditions for creating chronic incomplete AV block are discussed. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 487–498, 1991.     

185例快速心律失常射频消融体会

目的探讨射频消融(RFCA)在治疗快速心率失常中的应用价值.方法我院自1996年10月～2000年11月RFCA治疗快速心率失常185例,其中男80例,女105例,年龄8～77岁.局麻后经皮穿刺颈内静脉、股静脉、股动脉,插入四极电生理电极导管,先行心内电生理检查明确心率失常类型,后以大头导管精确定位标测,最后开始RF放电,直至射频消融成功结果腔内电生理检查结果,房室旁路折返心动过速(AVNRT)70例,房速(AT)3例心房扑动(AF)2例,特发性室速(IVT)2例,平均随访1年,3例复发均再次消融成功,失败2例,无严重并发症.结论;RFCA是治疗快速心率失常的有效方法.安全,创伤小,可重复应用.     

鼻内窥镜下射频治疗顽固性鼻出血的探讨（附30例报告）

目的:探讨鼻内窥镜下射频治疗顽固性鼻出血的效果。方法：应用鼻内窥镜找到出血部位,再用射频治疗仪热凝止血。结果：30例顽固性鼻出血病人均治愈。结论：鼻内窥镜下射频治疗顽固性鼻出血具有定位准确,安全有效,病人痛苦少,并发症少的优点, 值得推广。     

The Efficacy of Radiofrequency Ablation for Bone Tumors Unsuitable for Radical Excision

BackgroundBone tumors can cause severe pain and poor quality of life due to recurrence and non-achievement of complete remission after surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can be considered for minimally invasive treatment of bone tumors that are difficult to radically excise. In this study, RFA was performed for bone tumors that were difficult to radically excise and did not respond to surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy due to their large sizes and/or locations. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics and survival rates of bone tumors after RFA and provide one more treatment option for the future.MethodsThere were 43 patients with bone tumors who underwent percutaneous RFA at our hospital from April 2007 to October 2017. The median age of the patients was 59 years (range, 31–75 years), and the median follow-up duration was 67.2 months (range, 10.2–130.5 months). Of the 43 patients, 26 were male and 17 were female. Thirty-four cases were metastatic bone tumors, 5 were chordomas, 3 were osteosarcomas, and 1 was a giant cell tumor. Pain and functional ability of the patients were evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) functional scoring system, respectively. Scores were recorded preoperatively, 1 week postoperatively, and 4 weeks postoperatively. The 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year survival rates were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method.ResultsThe mean VAS score was 8.21 preoperatively. The mean VAS score at 1 week, 4 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks postoperatively were 3.91, 3.67, 3.31, and 3.12, respectively. The mean preoperative MSTS score was 64.0% (range, 32%–87%). The mean postoperative MSTS score was 71.0% (range, 40%–90%). The 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year survival rates were 95.3%, 69.8%, and 30.2%, respectively.ConclusionsAs per our study findings, RFA was effective in reducing pain and improving functional ability of patients with bone tumors that were difficult to radically excise.     

Spinal metastases treated with bipolar radiofrequency ablation with increased (> 70 °C) target temperature: Pain management and local tumor control

PurposeTo investigate the safety and clinical efficacy of bipolar radiofrequency ablation (b-RFA) with increased (> 70 °C) target temperature for the treatment of spine metastases with the intent of achieving pain relief or local tumor control.Materials and methodsThirty-one patients with a total of 37 metastases who were treated with b-RFA with increased temperature and vertebroplasty from January 2016 to May 2019 were retrospectively included. There were 20 women and 11 men with a mean age of 62.4 ± 10.5 (SD) years (range: 40–78 years). Patients and metastases characteristics, procedure details and clinical outcomes were analyzed.ResultsMetastases were predominantly located in lumbar (22/37; 59.5%) or thoracic spine (13/37; 35.1%). Mean target temperature was 88.4 ± 3.5 (SD) °C (range: 70–90 °C). Technical success was 100% (37/37 metastases). One (1/37; 2.7%) major complication unrelated to b-RFA was reported. One (1/37; 2.7%) metastasis was lost to follow-up. Favorable outcome was noted in patients receiving b-RFA for pain management (16/20 metastases; 80%; mean follow-up, 3.4 ± 2.9 [SD] months) or with oligometastatic/oligoprogressive disease (6/6 metastases; 100%; mean follow-up, 5.0 ± 4.6 [SD] months). In patients receiving b-RFA to prevent complications, favorable outcome was noted in 6/10 metastases (60%; mean follow-up, 3.8 ± 4.8 [SD] months).ConclusionsB-RFA with increased target temperature has an excellent safety profile and results in high rates of pain relief and local metastasis control in patients with oligometastatic/oligoprogressive disease. Suboptimal results are achieved in patients receiving b-RFA to prevent complications related to the growth of the index tumor.     

侧后路椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗青少年腰椎间盘突出症的早期疗效观察

目的探讨经皮侧后路椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗青少年腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效。方法 2010年2月~2011年7月,我院收治的12例青少年腰椎间盘突出症患者接受了经皮侧后路椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗并获得随访。其中男8例,女4例;年龄12~20岁,平均14.6岁。比较手术前后Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry Disability Index,ODI)、下肢疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)及术后12个月时Macnab评分对临床疗效进行分析。结果 12例患者均获得随访,随访时间17~30个月,平均21.3个月。术后1周、3个月,6个月,12个月及末次随访时ODI指数、下肢疼痛VAS评分与术前相比均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。按照Macnab评分标准,术后12个月时,优7例,良4例,可1例,优良率为91.7%(11/12)。结论经皮侧后路椎间孔镜下髓核摘除术治疗青少年腰椎间盘突出症短期内能取得满意的临床疗效,其长期疗效及安全性有待进一步研究。     

射频消融治疗具有递减传导特性的慢旁路

方法和目的：探讨采用电生理检查和射频消融术治疗具有递减传导特性的慢旁路效果。　结果：心动过速时体表心电图呈窄ＱＲＳ波,逆行Ｐ波及Ｒ－Ｐ≥Ｐ－Ｒ,且ＰⅡ、Ⅲ、ａｖＦ倒置,ＰａｖＲ直立,心动过速与右室起搏均呈同样的偏心性心房激动顺序,室房呈递减性传导及长Ｖ－Ａ间期。　结论：成功射频消融慢旁路需在心动过速或心室起搏时仔细标测,寻找最早的心房激动点而非ＶＡ 融合。     

心脏介入治疗院内感染的调查分析

目的：对我科心脏介入治疗后的院内感染发生率及易感因素进行回顾性调查分析,并探讨其防治措施。　方法： 我科自１９７３～１９９９年６ 月共收治行心脏介入治疗患者１ １００ 例,按照年龄、性别、手术种类、院内感染发生率及感染部位等资料进行比较分析。　结果：１ １００ 例患者中,术后感染２７例,感染率为２．４５％ 。包括经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术（ＰＢＭＶ）３８０ 例,感染２１ 例,感染率为５．５３％ ;永久性心脏起搏器安置术５２０ 例,感染６ 例,感染率为１．１５％ ;射频消融术２００ 例,无感染发生。最常见的感染为血管相关性感染和切口感染。感染发生与性别无显著相关性。　结论： 心脏介入治疗后院内感染发生率较低,通过严格的无菌操作和抗生素的合理应用,可防止院内感染的发生。     

右侧房室旁道的射频消融治疗

目的：报道２０例右侧房室折返性心动过速（ＡＶＲＴ）的射频消融疗效和体会。　方法：２０例ＡＶＲＴ患者,其中显性右侧旁路１５例,隐匿性右侧旁路５ 例,均给予射频消融治疗。　结果：１５ 例右侧显性旁道１３例消融成功,其中复发１例,再次消融成功;５ 例隐匿性旁路全部消融成功,消融成功率为９０％ ,无并发症。　结论：射频消融是一种治疗右侧ＡＶＲＴ安全而有效的方法。     

房室结折返性心动过速射频消融后的电生理改变与复发率的关系

目的：探讨房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）射频消融术后的电生理改变及不同手术终点与复发率的关系。　方法：本组５６ 例ＡＶＮＲＴ患者慢径消融前、后作各项电生理参数测定,并随访观察远期疗效。　结果：３８ 例慢径消失者（Ａ组）无一例复发,残存慢径１２ 例（Ｂ组）有一例复发（８．３３％ ）,残存慢径有１～２ 个心房回波者６例（Ｃ组）有２例复发（３３．３％ ）。５３ 例无复发者消融前后的房室束最大值（Ａ－Ｈｍ ａｘ ）分别为（２８０±２７）和（１９６±５６）ｍ ｓ（Ｐ＜０．０１）,快径不应期分别为（３３０±４４）和（２８７±３１）ｍ ｓ（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。而３ 例复发者消融前、后的Ａ－Ｈｍ ａｘ分别为（２８７±３１）和（２６２±３８）ｍ ｓ（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）,快径不应期分别为（３２４±３８）和（３１３±２８）ｍ ｓ（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。　结论：ＡＶＮＲＴ的复发与慢径残存和Ａ－Ｈｍ ａｘ 及快径不应期无明显改变有关。