皮下环精索封闭疗法治疗急性附睾-睾丸炎疗效观察

目的评价急性附睾-睾丸炎皮下环精索封闭疗法的疗效.方法对80例急性附睾-睾丸炎病例随机分为两组,对照组给予传统治疗方法,而治疗组除了传统疗法外,加用皮下环精索封闭治疗.结果治疗组所有患者1～3d内发热、疼痛症状缓解,4～6 d内附睾睾丸肿胀明显减退,97.5%的病例2周内治愈;而对照组40%的患者1～3d内发热、疼痛症状缓解,75%的患者4～6d内附睾睾丸肿胀减退,80%患者2周内治愈,治疗组疗效优于对照组.结论皮下环精索封闭疗法可以迅速缓解临床症状,缩短病程,提高治愈率,是治疗急性附睾-睾丸炎的有效方法.     

钠钙交换器抑制药在心律失常治疗中的应用

心肌钠钙交换在调节心肌细胞内外钠、钙平衡中发挥重要作用。钠钙交换分为前向型和逆向型2种。在心力衰竭、心肌缺血、心肌再灌注等病理情况下,通过钠钙交换器的离子交换可产生致心律失常性的一过性内向电子流,引起延迟后除极和非折返激动型的室性心动过速。钠钙交换器抑制药在预防这些病理情况下的心律失常具有潜在的作用。     

Pharmacologic management of overactive bladder

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent and costly condition that can affect any age group. Typical symptoms include urinary urgency, frequency, incontinence and nocturia. OAB occurs as a result of abnormal contractions of the bladder detrusor muscle caused by the stimulation of certain muscarinic receptors. Therefore, antimuscarinic agents have long been considered the mainstay of pharmacologic treatment for OAB. Currently, there are five such agents approved for the management of OAB in the United States: oxybutynin, tolterodine, trospium, solifenacin and darifenacin. This article summarizes the efficacy, contraindications, precautions, dosing and common side effects of these agents. All available clinical trials on trospium, solifenacin and darifenacin were reviewed to determine its place in therapy.     

A Paradigm for Design of Closed Loop Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulator Control Systems

Abstract: The use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for rehabilitation of gait in spinal patients is widely known. The best results can be obtained with the use of biomechanical sensors and a closed loop NMES system. One of the biggest problems faced in the design of control systems for closed-loop operation, in gait rehabilitation, is the variation of the mechanical conditions during the phases of gait. This work presents a new approach to ease the design of rule-based closed loop systems for operation in conditions such as gait rehabilitation.     

The effect of indomethacin and metamizole on ureteral motility and urine flow in sheep

Summary The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, indomethacin and metamizole, on ureteral peristalsis during acute occlusion similar to the situation in renal colic. In 12 pentobarbital anesthetized sheep, both ureters were cannulated and the frequency of ureteral contractions, urine flow, mean ureteral pressure and blood pressure were recorded during 10-min control and i.v. drug administration periods. Both indomethacin (1–2 mg/kg) and metamizole (60–120 mg/kg) showed a dose dependent reduction in peristaltic frequency without reduction of the mean pressure. In addition, the pressure amplitude of the peristaltic waves was also lowered, particularly with indomethacin. Only indomethacin reduced the urine flow. Arterial blood pressure was elevated by both drugs, particularly after the first dose of indomethacin. It can be concluded that indomethacin and metamizole reduce ureteral peristaltic frequency, probably blocking the impulse transmission at the ureteropelvic junction.For the partial fulfillment of a Master's degree in Pharmacology     

氟西汀与阿米替林治疗105例抑郁障碍病人的双盲对照试验

目的：评价国产氟西汀的抗抑郁作用及安全性。方法：采用随机、双盲对照、多中心研究，分为国产氟西汀组５７例（男性２２例，女性３５例；年龄４０±ｓ１３ａ），口服氟西汀２０ｍｇ，ｑｄ，阿米替林５７例（男性２７例，女性３０例；年龄４０±１４ａ），口服阿米替林７５ｍｇ，ｂｉｄ，疗程６ｗｋ。结果：氟西汀治疗抑郁障碍的疗效与阿米替林相当，总有效率分别为８５％及９２％（Ｐ＞０．０５）；氟西汀组的主要副作用有口干、便秘、恶心、心动过速等，但较之阿米替林程度轻且发生率低。结论：氟西汀的抗抑郁作用与阿米替林相当，副作用少，服用方便。     

毛细玻管人体肿瘤干细胞集落形成检测

人癌干细胞集落形成测定常用双层琼脂平皿法。新法系采用园形玻璃毛细管法培养!可 以减少细胞用量及药物消耗。管内径为1.3mm,管长9.75cm,内盛15.000有核细胞/50μl,培养7～ 14天。50例肿瘤活检标本生长成功率为88％,并可供化疗药物敏感性试验用。这种微量化检测具有 独特的优点,便于推广应用。     

Effects of 5-Hydroxytraptamine on Aggregation,Release Reaction and Mobilization of Cytosolic Free Calcium Concentration in Rabbit Normal and Washed Single Platelets

In rabbit platelet rich plasma (PRP), 5-hydroxytraptamine (5-HT,0.03～3μmol/L) induced decrease in light transmission (DLT) dose-de pendently with centralization, as revealed by electron microscopy. However, 5-HT did not induced platelet aggregation and release reaction. 5-HT-induced DLT was inhibited by methysergide (0.3～30μmol/L), indomethacin (0.3～10μmol/L) and PGE_1 (0.01～0.3μmol/L) in a dose-dependent manner, but not EGTA(0.3～3mmol/L). Collagen(Coll), arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a stable thromboxane A2 analoge(STA_2) also induced DLT before aggregation by themselves, which was also inhibited by PGE_1, but not inhibited by EGTA except for Coll However,Coll-, AA-, STA_2-and ADP-induced DLT were reduced by pretreatment of PRP with 5-HT dose-depen-dently. The duration of DLT by Coll and AA were decreased from 151.4±5.93 sec and 15(?)38±0.60sec to 45.44±4.04 sec and 9.00±1.25 sec respectively ((?)±s(?) P<0.01), but not by ADP and STA_2, 3μmol/L of ADP-and 0.3μmol/L of STA_2-induced aggregation which was not accompanied with release reaction were enhanced by 5-HT pretreatment, but in those (Coil 5μg/ml, AA 100～200μmol/L and STA_2 1～3 μmol/L) with release reaction, the amount of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)were suppressed significantly (P<0.001) by 5-HT pretreatment without the effect on the magnitude of aggregation, The mobilization of cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca~(2+)]i) was observed after 5-HT treatment in single washed platelet, the results indicated that the basic level of [Ca~(2+)] i was 64.78±3.24nmol/L and this level was increased dose-dependently and significantly at 30 sec after administration of 5-HT and the time of peak value of [Ca~(2+)] i was at 90～100 sec.The similar time courses of suppression of ATP released during aggregation, in cases of Coll(5μg/ml), AA (200μmol/L) and STA_2(3μmol/L), by 5-HT were also found in the present experiment.     

319例352眼眼外伤疗效观察

采用综合治疗，抗炎，散瞳，局部治疗与全身应用免疫抑制疗法，治疗３１９例３５２眼外伤获得了满意的疗效，眼球挫伤１０４例，眼球穿孔伤９３例，化学烧伤７１例，眼炸伤４６例。眼热烧伤５例，治疗包括及时清创胶粘或缝合，清除前房出血合理用皮质类固醇和免疫抑制剂等。眼球挫伤治愈率９７．１２％，穿透伤９３．１８％，热烧伤６６．６７％。３１９例眼外伤治愈率９４．６７％好转５．３３％，并对各种治疗方法进行了讨论。