不稳定型下颈椎损伤的手术治疗(附56例分析)

目的分析手术治疗下颈椎不稳定性损伤的适应证、手术方法及疗效。方法2001年1月～2003年1月,手术治疗下颈椎不稳定性损伤共56例。参照Aebi及White等人的手术适应证,以前路手术为主;对于难复性颈椎脱位或不伴椎间盘损伤者,行后路施术或前后联合入路手术;稳定性评分大于8分的前后柱损伤者,行前后联合入路手术。以Frankel评分系统评价神经功能恢复情况,以损伤节段Cobb角及水平移位来评价复位情况,采用Bohlman的X线片标准判定植骨融合情况。结果Frankel评分术前平均为2.3分,术后3.1分;按Bohlman标准3个月时植骨融合率为80%,6个月时为100%。术前Cobb角平均为8°,术后为1.5°,水平移位由术前的平均3.5mm减小到0.5mm。结论手术治疗下颈椎不稳定性损伤具有改善神经功能、恢复颈椎序列、恢复椎间高度及生理曲度、可早日下地活动等优点,手术病例及方法的选择应根据患者是否有致压因素及颈椎稳定性等综合考虑。     

颈椎脱位的闭合复位

1985年5月～1996年3月,我们经治34例单纯颈椎脱位患者,30例行Crutchfield颅骨牵引闭合复位,20例成功,占66.6％。在成功组中,牵引重量最大为18kg,无一例出现神经损害加重。不全瘫均有不同程度恢复。尸体头颅标本测定,Crutchfield颅骨牵引承受的最大抗拨出力为60.3kg,在治疗颈椎脱位时,颅骨牵引是安全有效的闭合复位方法。     

DNA flow cytometry in stage IB and II cervical carcinoma

In a retrospective study the prognostic significance of nuclear DNA content was investigated, as measured by flow cytometry, of the tumor specimens from 212 women with nonpretreated FIGO stage IB and II cervical cancer. One-hundred and thirty cases (62%) were found to be diploid, whereas 82 (38%) were aneuploid. Univariate analysis of the follow-up data showed an increased relative risk (RR) for recurrence free survival (RFS) for stage II tumors (RR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.13–3.10, P = 0.015) and for age (RR = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.66–3.52 and RR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.19–4.65, P = 0.032). Ploidy showed a relative risk of 1.33 (95% CI: 0.83–2.13, NS). In addition, univariate analysis of overall survival (OS) revealed similar results. For the subgroup of patients with primary surgery ( n = 151), positive pelvic nodes (RR = 5.38, 95% CI: 2.70–10.71, P = 0.0001) and parametrial extension (RR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.24–5.17, P = 0.011) were significant factors for OS after univariate analysis, the estimated effects on RFS were slightly smaller. Multivariate analysis of RFS for the whole study population showed age, histologic grade and stage with a slightly increased risk, but no effect was significant. Ploidy with an RR of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.58–1.62) seems to have no influence on prognosis. For the subgroup with primary surgery, ploidy again failed statistical significance with an RR of 1.20 (95% CI: 0.58–2.49). Our results suggest that abnormalities of the nuclear DNA content in this homogeneous group of patients are associated with clinical and morphological prognosticators, however, ploidy is not an independent prognostic factor for RFS, or for the whole study population or for the subgroup with primary surgery.     

对神经根型颈椎病CT扫描的价值探讨

对50例神经根型颈椎病的CT征象进行了分析,并与X线平片加以比较。认为CT不仅在神经根型颈椎病的诊断中具有独特作用,而且在确定手术方法和手术途径的选择上也很有意义。作者认为在CT机还没有普及的情况下,摄一张良好的钩椎关节放大斜位片或椎间孔断层片对诊断神经根型颈椎病应是首选的。CT和X线平片相结合,综合分析,更有价值。     

宫腔镜电切术治疗宫颈肌瘤的临床应用

目的 :探讨应用宫腔镜电切术治疗宫颈肌瘤的临床应用价值。方法 :用宫腔镜电切术切除宫颈肌瘤3 7例 ,其中有蒂宫颈肌瘤 2 1例 ,无蒂内突型宫颈肌瘤 16例 ,术后随访 3～ 3 1个月。结果 :平均手术时间2 0 7min ,术中平均出血 2 0 5ml ,一次性治愈率达 10 0 % ,无 1例子宫穿孔、低钠血症、周围脏器损伤、感染及宫颈管粘连等并发症发生。结论 :治疗宫颈肌瘤首选宫腔镜电切术 ,它具有治愈率高、创伤小、恢复快、并发症少的特点。     

改良松解术式治疗耻骨直肠肌综合征的临床观察(附31例报告)

目的:观察改良松解术式治疗耻骨直肠肌综合征的临床效果。方法:2004~2005年采用肛门后横切口耻骨直肠肌全束部分切断术治疗耻骨直肠肌综合征31例。结果:手术总有效率为96·8%。平均住院时间(10·58±2·35)d,平均切口愈合时间(12·16±2·08)d。结论:采用肛门后横切口耻骨直肠肌全束部分切断术的方法疗效确切,具有并发症少、切口愈合时间快和住院时间短的优点。     

颈椎损伤合并截瘫100例总结

本文回顾我院20年来所收治的100例颈椎损伤合并截瘫伤员,试图对诊断和处理方法上若干主要问题提出探讨。     

Intracranial trajectories of sympathetic nerve fibers originating in the superior cervical ganglion in the rat: WGA-HRP anterograde labeling study

Intracranial trajectories of sympathetic nerve fibers originating in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) in the rat were investigated by means of anterograde labeling following the injection of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (WGA-HRP) into the unilateral SCG. The trajectory of the sympathetic fiber innervating the pineal gland and its continuing structures was found advancing along the abducent nerve, through the cavernous plexus, then along the trochlear nerve. Labeled sympathetic fibers showed two patterns of distribution in the blood vessels on the basal surface of the brain. The sympathetic fibers originating in the unilateral SCG were intermingled with those fibers from the contralateral SCG in the pineal gland, its continuing structures and the choroid plexus of the third ventricle as well as in the cerebral blood vessels.