体外冲击波配合功能锻炼治疗肩周炎的疗效观察

肩周炎为肩关节周围炎的简称,是肩关节囊和关节周围软组织损伤、退变引起的慢性无菌性炎症,以肩关节周围疼痛、功能障碍和肌肉萎缩为主要特征。该病病程较长,可迁延数月至2年,给患者正常生活造成严重影响[1]。目前常用的治疗方法包括局部封闭、物理疗法、针灸疗法、运动疗法等,但其治疗效果并不十分确切。体外冲击波(extracorporealsh ockwave,ESW)是利用声波经由反射器反射后集中成高能量的冲     

自生训练和暗示对指温、心率、心电图T波的影响

目的 对照研究在自生训练和暗示指温升高的过程中,手指温度、心率、心电图T波幅度的变化情况。方法 根据受暗示性高低,将被试进行匹配分为受暗示组、自生训练组和对照组,每组 12人,分别测量每组被试的基线生理指标和训练中及训练后的生理指标,进行分析。结果 对照组各项指标变化都不显著;受暗示组手指温度升高[ (31. 92±1. 67)℃],T波幅度下降显著 (P<0. 05);自生训练组T波幅度显著升高(P<0. 05),手指温度升高[ (30. 94±4. 11)℃]。结论 自生训练可以改善冠状动脉血液循环,暗示具有针对性,主要是针对靶器官起作用的,暗示作用在没放松时也能显示出来。     

Three-layered osteodural plasty for severe anterior skull base and facial injuries. Report of eleven cases

Background and purposeThe upper cranial trauma of high force and wide area of application leads to fractures of calvaria, the skull base, and the viscerocranium. The aim of the study was to present eleven patients treated for severe anterior skull base and facial defects by means of three-layered osteodural plasty.Materials and methodsThe operative tactics consisted of bicoronal incision, bifrontal craniotomy, closure of the dura mater damage with a pericranium, reconstruction of bone defects with autologous bone grafts and plasty with anteriorly pedicled pericranial flap on the supratrochlear and supraorbital vessels.ResultsDuring follow-up, which lasted 2–7 years, none of the patients developed any early or late postoperative complications.ConclusionsThe three-layer osteodural plasty of severe anterior skull base injuries with the use of autologous bone grafts for the reconstruction of craniofacial skeleton resulted in a good final functional, morphological and aesthetic outcome in all patients.     

并行带瓣双静脉自体移植动物模型的建立

目的 :探讨并行带瓣双静脉自体移植模型的建立方法 ,为原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜关闭不全寻求新的手术方法和途径。方法 :用显微外科技术为 12只新西兰兔行并行带瓣双静脉自体移植 ,并行动态彩色多谱勒和静脉造影检查以观察其血流状态和血流动力学情况。结果 :12只兔带瓣静脉自体移植一次性成功 ,术后观察 4周 ,血栓形成 1只。其余血管无明显狭窄 ,形态满意 ,血流状态稳定 ,均为层流。结论 :通过显微技术建立兔并行带瓣双静脉自体移植模型是切实可行的。     

Efectos de entrenamiento físico específico y técnicas de relajación sobre los parámetros dolorosos de la cefalea tensional en estudiantes universitarios: un ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado

Introduction

Non-pharmacological treatments help control tension-type headache; however, evidence about their effectiveness is still limited. This study evaluates the effectiveness of physical therapy based on cervical spine kinesiotherapy and posture correction exercises compared to a programme of relaxation techniques only (Schultz's Autogenic Training, AT).

Effects of progressive muscle relaxation on health-related outcomes in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background and purposeProgressive muscle relaxation training (PMRT) has been widely applied to improve the physical and mental health of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PMRT on the symptoms and quality of life (QOL) of cancer patients.MethodsNine databases (Web of Science, CENTRAL, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, OpenGrey, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP database) were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of PMRT on health-related outcomes for cancer patients. The risk of bias of the included studies and the evidence quality were appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, respectively. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.ResultsTwelve RCTs sampling 1147 patients were included. PMRT showed significant effects of alleviating anxiety [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −1.32, 95% CI (−1.88, −0.75), P < 0.001] and pain [SMD = −1.02, 95% CI (−1.93, −0.11), P = 0.030], and improving QOL [SMD = 1.65, 95% CI (0.53, 2.76), P = 0.004] in cancer patients. Regarding depression, self-esteem, nausea, and vomiting, PMRT showed better effects compared to the control group. However, no significant effect of reducing fatigue was detected [SMD = −1.00, 95% CI (−2.27, 0.27), P = 0.120]. The overall quality of evidence was moderate to very low.ConclusionPMRT is a promising complementary therapy that may improve the health-related outcomes of cancer patients. Future studies with rigorous research design are needed to obtain valid conclusions.     

关节镜下自体与同种异体骨-髌腱-骨重建膝前交叉韧带的临床探讨

目的探讨关节镜下自体与同种异体骨-髌腱-骨（B-PT—B）移植重建膝前交叉韧带（ACL）的临床疗效。方法对术前MRI检查有前交叉韧带断裂且术中关节镜检证实为前交叉韧带断裂者25例,按病人要求,分别选择采用关节镜下自体（自体组）和同种异体（同种异体组）骨-髌腱-骨移植重建膝前交叉韧带进行治疗,观察并记录两组治疗前后的症状、体征变化及术后Lysholm膝关节功能评分。术后随访6～24个月,平均16．7个月。结果两组术后均未发生严重的并发症,关节失稳明显改善,客观指标正常。手术时间自体组为（80±10）min,同种异体组为（60±10）min。术后发热时间自体组为（2±1）d,同种异体组为（3±1）d。膝关节功能按Lysholm评分标准,自体组为（86．7±4．3）min,同种异体组为（85．8±4．4）min。按Lukiano评分标准,自体组优良率为92．5％,同种异体组为90．09％。两组病例膝关节活动范围均正常。结论采用关节镜下自体B—PT-B移植手术时间较同种异体B—PT-B移植时间长,而术后吸收热时间较短（P〈0．01）,但白体与异体B—PT—B移植住院时间、Lysholm评分和重建ACL临床疗效差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。同种异体移植重建无明显排斥反应,避免了自体B-PT—B重建时的自体组织损伤。同种异体B—PT—B是ACL重建的良好选择之一。     

高血压病有氧舞蹈锻炼的远期疗效和服从性

目的：明确原发性高血压病患者有氧舞蹈锻炼的远期疗效和参加锻炼的服从性。方法：５８例原发性高血压病患者在医院进行３个月中等强度有氧舞蹈训练，然后在社区进行训练，４０个月后随防观察。结果：集中训练３个月时患者获得明显的降压效果。其中３９例坚持锻炼，降压效果稳定４０个月，绝大多数患者基本停止使用降压药，在观察期间无明显心血管合并症。而１６例停止锻炼者血压回升，用药量增大，１例心源性死亡。结论：坚持有氧舞蹈锻炼可保持远期降压效果，在社区实施的长期服从性良好。     

主被动活动促进屈肌腱腱鞘修复的实验研究

目的：探讨术后早期活动对屈肌腱腱鞘修复的影响，方法：将144只来亨鸡等三趾趾深屈肌腱部分切断后直接缝合并切除II区部分腱鞘，按手术后活动与否随机平分成3组，A组为主动活动组，B组为被动活动组，C组为制动组，于术后1，2，3，4，8，12周各时间组取材，进行形态学观察及生物力学测定，所得数据作统计学处理，结果：A、B组均有新生腱鞘形成，无致密粘连，A组的新生腱鞘明显比B组成熟，C组无新生腱鞘形成，腱周形成致密粘连，肌腱滑动度及趾关节总屈曲率示A组＞B组＞C组，A，B组，B，C组相比两者差异有显著意义（P＜0．01，P＜0．05），结论：早期活动是新生腱鞘形成的决定因素，主动活动能更有效地促进腱鞘修复。