Adaptation and habituation to an open field and responses to various stressful events in animals with neonatal lesions in the amygdala or ventral hippocampus

A rat model of neurodevelopmental psychopathological disorders, designed to determine neurodevelopmental deficits following damage to the brain early in life, was used to investigate behavioural changes in adaptation and habituation to an open field and responses to different kinds of stressful events. Animals with bilateral ibotenic acid lesions in the amygdala or ventral hippocampus on day 7 or 21 of life were compared to sham-operated animals. According to the model it was assumed that behavioural changes in animals lesioned on day 7, but not in animals lesioned on day 21 of life, were caused by maldevelopment of one or more structures connected to the damaged area. Animals lesioned in the amygdala or ventral hippocampus on day 7, but not animals lesioned in these structures on day 21 of life, displayed decreased (within-session) adaptation and (between-session) habituation to the open field and a decrease in immobility in the forced swim test, whereas only animals lesioned in the amygdala displayed enhanced general activity. These results were indicative of neurodevelopmental deficits. No changes in stress-induced hyperthermia were found, while animals lesioned in the amygdala both on day 7 or 21 of life exhibited decreased conditioned ultrasonic vocalizations. These latter results suggest that the amygdala is implicated in the conditioned stress-induced response. The contribution of the present findings to the animal model of neurodevelopmental disorders like schizophrenia and possible brain structures and neurotransmitter systems involved in the neurodevelopmental deficits are discussed.     

外科手术与低磷血症相互关系的实验研究

目的 通过研究大鼠腹部手术前后血磷等指标的变化，探讨手术与低磷血症的关系，低磷对机体的影响以及补磷治疗的效果。方法 雄性ＳＤ大鼠６４只，分成２组，一组饮用配制液造成体内磷缺乏，另组饮清水作为对照。３周后行胆总管结扎术，观察血磷及其它生化指标的变化。然后每组再分为补磷组及不补磷组，观察４组大鼠生化指标、生存率及重要器官电镜结构的变化。结果 手术后各组大鼠均有不同程度的血磷下降；术前磷缺乏组血磷及平均     

Prostaglandins of the E-series inhibit connective tissue proliferation in the liver wound of the rat

The present study was undertaken to relate wound healing of an internal organ to prostaglandins of the E and F series. A small liver wound was induced by a galvanic cauter via the abdominal route under general anesthesia and prostaglandin E1, E2 and F2alpha were injected twice daily at a dose of 250 microg/kg. Proliferation of the connective tissue in the liver wound was estimated morphometrically 6 days after liver wound infliction. Levels of prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha were measured in the liver wound as well as in normal liver tissue from adjacent lobes using radioimmunoassay. The results show that exogenous prostaglandins of the E-series suppress connective tissue proliferation. Three minutes after the last prostaglandin E2 injection, high prostaglandin concentrations were measured both in the liver wound and in the liver tissue of the adjacent lobe. Prostaglandin F2alpha injections had no effect on wound healing. We believe that the rat thermic liver wound model can be used for different studies on wound healing mechanisms and that prostaglandins of the E-series are involved in wound healing in the specific time period studied.     

多元析因方差分析方法及其应用

本文讨论了多元析因试验资料的统计分析方法——多元析因方差分析。引入了 Wilks 统计量Λ。并用一个2×2三变量析因设计的实例讨论了多元析因方差分析的方法、计算和多组均数向量的两两比较。     

芍药木瓜汤对脊髓受压实验兔血管内皮素与脊髓神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨中药芍药木瓜汤对脊髓型颈椎病家兔模型血管内皮素(ET)与脊髓神经修复的影响。方法:造模前随机取2只正常新西兰大白兔抽取静脉血做ET值的测定并处死进行脊髓病理光镜观察,作为正常组(A组)。兔慢性颈脊髓受压造模成功后按改良Tarlov评分标准进行评定,共选出评分为3分的慢性颈脊髓受压症兔30只,随机分为对照组(B组)15只,中药组(C组)15只,分别给予生理盐水和芍药木瓜汤灌胃,每日3次。于用药后第7天、14天、28天,采用改良Tarlov评分标准评定B组与C组下肢运动功能,每组各取5只动物抽取4ml静脉血做ET值测定;同时切取受压段脊髓切片在光镜下观察脊髓神经细胞病变及修复结果。结果:ET值:造模后7d、14d、28dB组与C组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);C组第7天、14天、28天间相比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);C组第28天与正常组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。病理观察:B组神经细胞病变明显,且白质髓鞘断裂、轴突溶解的情况随时间进行而加剧。C组神经细胞有不同程度的恢复,且随时间的变化,白质髓鞘轴突修复明显。下肢运动功能评定:C组运动功能恢复明显好于B组(P0.01)。结论:芍药木瓜汤对降低慢性脊髓受压实验兔的血管内皮素值,改善脊髓水肿,修复受损脊髓神经,改善下肢运动功能等有明显作用。     

经淋巴管输注5-~(131)碘脲嘧啶的实验性研究

30只大白兔,随机分成经兔足淋巴管途径和经兔耳静脉途径注药组,每只兔子注入~(131)碘标记的脲嘧啶46Bq。随机将兔子分成注药后即刻、12 min、36 min、1h48min及5h24min这五个时相组,及时摘取兔右腘窝、右髂、右腰淋巴结,测定其药物放射强度。实验结果显示经淋巴管注药组免腘窝、髂、腰淋巴结内的药物浓度明显高于经静脉注药组,而且药物保持高浓度的时间也明显延长。经过三因素方差分析统计学处理,说明上述两组实验兔淋巴结内的药物浓度及其停留时间,均有极显著差异(p<0.01)。因此,我们推测对于妇科恶性肿瘤患者,在手术前后辅以经淋巴管输注抗肿瘤药物,有可能提高其生存率。在这方面今后准备作进一步的探索。     

Nd-YAG激光治疗内痔和混合痔的实验和临床应用

本动物实验提示65W功率的激光照射所致的肛管粘膜溃疡表浅,且很快愈合。照射时间缩短,照射分散多点,则照射区形成的疤痕范围大,这有利于内痔的萎缩。应用此原理,我们已用Nd-YAG激光治疗内痔和混合痔248例,即期疗效好。152例经随访一年以上,其便血、痔脱垂和排便不通畅现象有显著改善,其发生率分别由96.4％、76.6％和46.8％下降至2.8％、22.9％和6.9％。我们推荐65W功率的激光多点照射法。Ⅲ°环状痔的效果尚有待进一步提高。     

Genetic differences in a tail suspension test for evaluating antidepressant activity

Tail suspension-induced immobility in rodents is specifically antagonized by antidepressants, and has been proposed as an animal model of depression. Marked differences in tail suspension-induced immobility were observed among nine inbred mouse strains, ranging from 1±0.3 to 96±8-s in a 300-s test period. Moreover, these nine strains could be ranked in four distinct groups based on their immobilities, in which Balb/cJ and DBA/2J mice displayed the highest and the lowest immobility times, respectively. While significant differences in open field activity were also observed among strains, these differences were unrelated to their immobility times in the tail suspension test. These findings strongly suggest that performance in this proposed animal model of depression is under specific genetic control, and may provide a useful tool to study neurochemical and neuroendocrine correlates of depression and antidepressant action.     

针穿法输精管结扎术动物实验研究

本文报告经动物实验研究的一种用针穿刺套线结扎输精管的新技术,20只狗一年半的动物实验结果显示,此法切实可行,并较其他输精管结扎法更简单、安全,组织损伤更轻,其输精管闭合率为97.37%,为临床试用奠定了基础。     

异种移植组织相容性及免疫动态变化测试模型

目的　综述异种移植物抗宿主反应 (GVHD)动物模型的研究现状、检测方法及进展情况。方法　采用文献回顾与综合分析方法。结果　免疫活性细胞植入异种受者体内后 ,有发生排斥 (HVGD)、移植物抗宿主反应(GVHD)和微嵌合的可能 ,异种 GVHD已在小动物和大动物体内成功诱导 ,并可通过多种途径进行检测。结论　异种GVHD大动物模型 ,主导因素是嵌合细胞 ,利用该模型可真实模拟异种移植免疫细胞动态变化过程