超声引导下微通道经皮肾镜取石术治疗肾结石的疗效及对机体应激反应的影响

目的观察超声引导下微通道经皮肾镜取石术治疗肾结石的疗效及对机体应激反应的影响,为肾结石的临床治疗提供参考。方法选择2016年1月—2018年7月西安交通大学第二附属医院泌尿外科收治的150例肾结石患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各75例。对照组患者给予标准通道经皮肾镜碎石术(sPCNL),观察组患者给予微通道经皮肾镜碎石术(mPCNL)。观察2组患者的手术相关指标、结石清除率、术后并发症和复发率差异,比较2组患者治疗前后尿液肾损伤分子1 (KIM-1)、肾功能以及氧化应激指标水平变化。结果观察组患者术中出血量明显低于对照组,手术时间长于对照组,结石清除率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t/P=10.603/<0.001,14. 832/<0.001,χ~2/P=12.354/0.000);手术后,2组患者尿液KIM-1均升高,且观察组高于对照组(t/P=32.541/<0.001),血清Cor、AD、NE水平均升高,且观察组升高低于对照组(t/P=20. 714/<0.001,24. 345/<0. 001,20. 895/<0.001);2组患者手术后血清GSH-Px、SOD水平均降低,且观察组降低优于对照组(t/P=4. 386/<0. 001,8. 163/<0.001), MDA水平均升高,且观察组升高优于对照组(t/P=3. 264/0.001)。2组患者并发症发生情况及复发率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 mPCNL治疗肾结石患者具有较高的结石清除率,且可以明显降低机体的应激反应,而sPCNL手术对肾功能损伤较小,临床医师可根据患者病情选择更为适合的治疗方案。     

Effect of stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXCR4 axis in neural stem cell transplantation for Parkinson’s disease

Previous studies have shown that neural stem cell transplantation has the potential to treat Parkinson’s disease,but its specific mechanism of action is still unclear.Stromal cell-derived factor-1 and its receptor,chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4),are important regulators of cell migration.We speculated that the CXCR4/stromal cell-derived factor 1 axis may be involved in the therapeutic effect of neural stem cell transplantation in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.A Parkinson’s disease rat model was injected with 6-hydroxydopamine via the right ascending nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway,and then treated with 5μL of neural stem cell suspension(1.5×104/L)in the right substantia nigra.Rats were intraperitoneally injected once daily for 3 days with 1.25 mL/kg of the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 to observe changes after neural stem cell transplantation.Parkinson-like behavior in rats was detected using apomorphine-induced rotation.Immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the immunoreactivity of tyrosine hydroxylase,CXCR4,and stromal cell-derived factor-1 in the brain.Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,the mRNA expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and CXCR4 in the right substantia nigra were measured.In addition,western blot assays were performed to analyze the protein expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and CXCR4.Our results demonstrated that neural stem cell transplantation noticeably reduced apomorphine-induced rotation,increased the mRNA and protein expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and CXCR4 in the right substantia nigra,and enhanced the immunoreactivity of tyrosine hydroxylase,CXCR4,and stromal cell-derived factor-1 in the brain.Injection of AMD3100 inhibited the aforementioned effects.These findings suggest that the stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXCR4 axis may play a significant role in the therapeutic effect of neural stem cell transplantation in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease.This study was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Kunming Medical University,China(approval No.SYXKK2015-0002)on April 1,2014.     

急性白血病医院感染病原学分析及HIF-1α、VEGF和Bcl-2表达研究

目的 探讨急性白血病医院感染病原学分析及缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(Bcl-2)表达研究。 方法 选择舟山市普陀区人民医院和浙江省人民医院于2014年1月—2017年12月收治的急性白血病患者171例,分析医院感染发生率、病原菌分布及主要病原菌耐药情况。取患者骨髓组织病理切片,采用免疫组化染色法测定HIF-1α、VEGF和Bcl-2表达,以平均光密度值进行定量分析。 结果 急性白血病住院患者171例,发生医院感染患者54例(医院感染率为31.58%);感染部位以呼吸道、口腔和胃肠道为主,分别占35.19%、24.07%和16.67%;共分离病原菌71株,革兰阴性菌39株占54.93%;71株病原菌中,肺炎克雷伯菌15株占21.13%、金黄色葡萄球菌12株占16.90%、铜绿假单胞菌10株占14.08%、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌9株占12.68%。分离的革兰阴性菌中,肺炎克雷伯菌对头孢哌酮耐药率较高,耐药率为53.33%;铜绿假单胞菌对哌拉西林耐药率较高,耐药率为60.00%。分离的革兰阳性菌中,金黄色葡萄球菌对红霉素耐药率较高,耐药率为75.00%;凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对红霉素耐药率较高,耐药率为66.67%。感染组骨髓组织中HIF-1α和VEGF平均光密度值高于未感染组而Bcl-2平均光密度值低于未感染组,且差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。 结论 急性白血病住院患者医院感染率较高,病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,且感染患者骨髓组织中HIF-1α和VEGF呈高表达而Bcl-2呈低表达,具有重要研究意义。      

多囊卵巢综合征患者血清miR-206和IGF-1的表达水平及临床意义

目的探讨多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者血清miR-206和胰岛素样生长因子-1 (IGF-1)表达水平及临床意义。方法选取2016年4月-2017年4月漯河市中心医院收治的79例PCOS患者为研究对象,同期选取60例月经规律健康女性为对照组,利用全自动生化分析仪检测血糖、血脂,采用放射免疫法检测空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMAIR),采用化学发光免疫分析法检测催乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2)、促卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、总睾酮(TT)、硫酸脱氢表雄酮(DHEAS)及雄激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)。采用实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)检测血清miR-206水平,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清IGF-1水平。结果 (1)与对照组比较,PCOS组总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平无明显异常(P0. 05),甘油三酯(TG)、空腹血糖(FBG)、FINS及HOMA-IR水平明显升高(P0. 05)。与对照组比较,PCOS组PRL、E2、LH/FSH、TT及DHEAS水平明显升高(P0. 05),SHBG水平明显下降(P0. 05)。(2)与对照组比较,PCOS组血清miR-206水平明显降低,血清IGF-1水平明显升高(P0. 05)。(3)相关分析结果显示,血清miR-206水平与PCOS患者FINS、HOMA-IR呈明显负相关(P0. 05),血清IGF-1水平与PCOS患者TG、FINS及HOMA-IR呈明显正相关(P0. 05)。多元逐步分析结果显示,HOMA-IR是PCOS组血清miR-206、IGF-1表达的独立影响因素。血清miR-206表达与IGF-1呈明显负相关(P0. 05)。结论 miR-206在PCOS患者血清中明显低表达,IGF-1呈高表达,二者与PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗有关。     

可溶性髓样细胞触发受体-1在化脓性关节炎诊断及疗效评价分析

目的分析可溶性髓样细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)在化脓性关节炎诊断及疗效评价中的价值,为感染性疾病诊断和治疗工作提供研究依据。方法选取2015年2月-2017年2月医院收治的50例化脓性关节炎患者作为化脓性关节炎组,选取同期35例单纯骨关节炎患者作为骨关节炎组,选取同期30名健康体检者作为对照组。检测研究对象血液中sTREM-1、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)水平,对化脓性关节炎组和骨关节炎组患者关节液中sTREM-1水平进行检测和比较;分析患者sTREM-1、CRP及ESR水平在化脓性关节炎诊断中的价值,观察化脓性关节炎组患者的临床疗效。结果三组研究对象血液sTREM-1水平、血液CRP水平、ESR水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中化脓性关节炎组患者指标水平最高;化脓性关节炎组患者关节液sTREM-1水平为(82.05±62.97)ng/L高于骨关节炎组的(43.36±7.48)ng/L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=9.628,P<0.001);关节液sTREM-1、血液sTREM-1、CRP水平诊断化脓性关节炎患者的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.913、0.841、0.785;关节液sTREM-1水平较低的化脓性关节炎患者的疗效分布优于关节液sTREM-1水平较高的患者(Z=2.260,P=0.024)。结论化脓性关节炎表现为关节液和血液sTREM-1表达水平的上调,可作为诊断化脓性关节炎的辅助指导,术前检测关节液sTREM-1水平也有助于预测手术治疗的效果。     

Microinjection of a growth factor cocktail affects activated microglia in the neocortex of adult rats

Microglia, as the resident immune cells in the central nervous system, play important roles in regulating neuronal processes, such as neural excitability, synaptic activity, and apoptotic cell clearance. Growth factors can activate multiple signaling pathways in central nervous system microglia and can regulate their immune effects, but whether growth factors can affect the morphological characteristics and ultrastructure of microglia has not been reported. After microinjecting 300 nL of a growth factor cocktail, including 10 μg/mL epidermal growth factor, 10 μg/mL basic fibroblast growth factor, 10 μg/mL hepatocyte growth factor and 10 μg/mL insulin-like growth factor into adult rat cortex, we found that the number of IBA1-positive microglia around the injection area increased significantly, indicating local activation of microglia. All CD68-positive labeling co-localized with IBA1 in microglia. Cell bodies and protrusions of CD68-positive cells were strongly attached to or were engulfing neurons. Characteristic huge phagosomes were observed in activated phagocytes by electron microscopy. The phagosomes generally included non-degraded neuronal protrusions and mitochondria, yet they contained no myelin membrane or remnants, which might indicate selective phagocytosis by the phagocytes. The remnant myelin sheath after phagocytosis still had regenerative ability and formed "myelin-like" structures around phagocytes. These results show that microinjection of a growth factor cocktail into the cerebral cortex of rodents can locally activate microglia and induce selective phagocytosis of neural structures by phagocytes. The study was approved by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences(approval No. IACUC-AMMS-2014-501) on June 30, 2014.     

lncRNA ABHD11-AS1通过调控STAT1/STAT3表达促进非小细胞肺癌细胞增殖与迁移

  目的   探讨lncRNA ABHD11-AS1在非小细胞肺癌中的生物学功能和作用机制。  方法   选取2016年7月至2018年12月在广东医科大学附属医院行非小细胞肺癌手术的248例患者，采用χ2检验分析lncRNA ABHD11-AS1的表达与患者年龄、性别、临床病理分期、病理类型及吸烟状态的关系；采用Kaplan-Meier法分析ABHD11-AS1对非小细胞肺癌患者的预后意义；应用qRTPCR方法检测ABHD11-AS1在非小细胞肺癌组织和细胞系中的表达；通过体外功能测定评估敲低ABHD11-AS1对细胞增殖和转移的影响；通过Western blot实验探讨ABHD11-AS1在非小细胞肺癌中致癌作用的分子机制。  结果   lncRNA ABHD11-AS1高表达组较低表达组吸烟患者较少（P=0.02），分期更晚（P < 0.01）；ABHD11-AS1高表达预示非小细胞肺癌患者预后不良；ABHD11-AS1在非小细胞肺癌组织和癌细胞株中高表达；敲低ABHD11-AS1的表达可抑制体外细胞增殖和迁移；敲低ABHD11-AS1表达抑制STAT1和STAT3癌蛋白的表达。  结论   ABHD11-AS1可能通过促进STAT1和STAT3癌蛋白的表达，从而增加非小细胞肺癌细胞的增殖、集落形成以及迁移和侵袭能力。      

降钙素原和Th1/Th2比值对结直肠癌患者术后感染性并发症的诊断价值

目的探讨降钙素原(PCT)和辅助性T细胞(Th)Th1/Th2比值对结直肠癌患者术后发生感染性并发症的诊断价值。方法选取2015年1月-2017年12月医院收治的95例结直肠癌术后合并感染性并发症患者为感染组,95例术后未发生感染性并发症的结直肠癌患者为对照组。收集两组患者术前1 d、术后3 d、7 d晨起空腹外周血,采用全自动血液细胞分析仪检测白细胞(WBC)计数,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)试验检测血清PCT水平,采用流式细胞术检测外周血Th1、Th2细胞含量及Th1/Th2比值,应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析WBC、PCT和Th1/Th2比值对结直肠癌患者术后发生感染性并发症的诊断价值。结果术后3 d、7 d,感染组患者血清PCT水平、外周血Th2细胞含量、WBC计数均高于对照组,Th1/Th2比值低于对照组(P<0.05); ROC曲线显示,术后3 d、7 d,PCT、Th1/Th2比值诊断结直肠癌患者术后发生感染性并发症的AUC均>0.80。PCT联合Th1/Th2比值诊断结直肠癌患者术后发生感染性并发症的敏感性和特异性与指标单独诊断相近。结论 PCT和Th1/Th2比值是早期诊断结直肠癌患者术后发生感染性并发症的快速、可靠指标。