Anaesthesia in the MRI unit

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely available imaging modality providing high-resolution images of soft tissues. The magnetic fields generated by these scanners create an array of safety challenges which require specialist equipment and trained staff to safely operate within this environment.Guidance exists for the anaesthetist working in the MR suite, though for many individuals it remains a less familiar environment and remote site for practising safe anaesthesia.We outline the specific concerns with commonly encountered implanted devices and some of the practicalities related to caring for patients with these devices in the MRI suite.Within neuroanaesthesia, advances in procedural techniques and technology in MRI lead to an increased number of patients requiring scanning for diagnosis and treatment progress.This includes patients on the critical care unit and intraoperatively in the interventional MRI suites.     

水胶体透明敷料预防神经外科中心静脉导管细菌定植和细菌感染的研究

目的比较透明薄膜敷料与水胶体透明敷料预防神经外科中心静脉导管细菌定植和细菌感染的效果,为合理选择中心静脉导管固定敷料提供依据。方法按照随机数字表法将神经外科行中心静脉置管患者470例分为对照组(230例)和观察组(240例),中心静脉置管后对照组采用透明薄膜敷料固定导管,观察组采用水胶体透明敷料固定导管。比较两组导管病原菌定植、导管相关性感染和导管相关性血源性感染、皮肤病原菌定植情况。结果观察组导管病原菌定植、导管相关性感染、导管相关性血源性感染以及皮肤病原菌定植的发生率显著低于对照组,导管感染发生时间显著延长(均P0.05)。结论水胶体透明敷料可以有效预防神经外科患者中心静脉导管细菌定植和细菌感染,具有良好的皮肤安全性。     

神经导航联合神经内镜治疗高血压脑出血50例临床分析

目的观察神经导航联合神经内镜治疗高血压脑出血的临床疗效。方法 132例高血压脑出血患者,应用神经导航联合神经内镜治疗高血压脑出血50例(神经内镜组)与常规开颅血肿清除术治疗高血压脑出血82例(常规手术组)临床资料进行回顾性分析,比较两组的手术时间、术中失血量、血肿清除率及术后6个月日常生活能力(ADL)。结果神经内镜组平均手术时间[(2.1±1.2)小时],明显短于常规手术组[(4.1±2.1)小时](P0.01)。平均失血量神经内镜组为(52.5±11.3)ml,常规手术组为(458.2±185.2)ml,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=6.125,P0.01)。神经内镜组颅内血肿平均清除率[(94.8±5.2)%]明显高于常规手术组[(81.2±18.8)%](P0.05)。依据ADL分级法,神经内镜组预后优于常规手术组(P0.05)。结论神经导航联合神经内镜治疗高血压脑出血手术切口小,骨窗小,手术时间短,术中失血量少等优势。     

神经外科住院医师规范化培训基地建设标准与探索

以新桥医院神经外科基地建设为例,围绕基地建设的要求和评估指标进行详尽分析和讨论,提出了神经外科基地建设的具体目标、举措和实施环节。研究通过对新桥医院神经外科基地建设的细化解读与实施方案,总结经验、克服不足,将有助于提高我国住院医师规范化培训基地建设。     

神经外科术中获得性压力性损伤的预防护理专案

目的 降低神经外科术中获得性压力性损伤发生率。 方法 将2019年10～12月的1 378例神经外科择期手术患者作为对照组,采取常规护理措施预防术中获得性压力性损伤。将2020年10～12月的1 551例患者作为观察组,成立护理专案小组,开展多学科协作,实施护理专案改善。 结果 观察组术中获得性压力性损伤发生率为0.90%,对照组为2.18%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组术中获得性压力性损伤治愈率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。观察组预防术中获得性压力性损伤关键监测指标落实率较好,除术后规范交接班落实875例（61.40%）外,其他指标均＞88.00%。 结论 多学科协作护理专案能够有效降低术中获得性压力性损伤发生率,提高术中获得性压力性损伤预防和管理质量。     

A Cryptic Cause of Cardiac Arrest

Background

RIPPLY2-associated spondylocostal dysostosis is a rare disorder that leads to segmentation defects of the vertebrae. These vertebral defects can result in severe instability of the cervical spine, leading to cardiac arrest after only minor whiplash injury.

Application of Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment-resistant Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Current Status and Future Perspectives in Japan

As in many Western countries, deep brain stimulation (DBS) is already being used daily in Japan to clinically treat neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. Additionally, in both Europe and the United States, numerous case reports as well as multicenter randomized controlled trials have examined its use for treatment-refractory mental illnesses such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and major depressive disorder. Based on a number of the reports, the European Union (EU) and the USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted limited approval of DBS for treatment-resistant OCD in 2009. Furthermore, a systematic review and meta-analysis in 2015 showed that DBS therapy for patients with treatment-resistant OCD had efficacy and was safe. Unlike the EU and the USA, DBS is not used to treat OCD or other psychiatric disorders in Japan, even though people with treatment-resistant OCD and their physicians and families urgently need additional treatments. This situation results from the “Resolution of total denial for psychosurgery,” which the Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology adopted in 1975. We believe that the appropriateness of using DBS for treating psychiatric disorders including OCD should be considered after thorough discussion and consideration based on accurate and objective understanding. Currently, the field of psychiatry in Japan seems to lack scientific consideration as well as scientific understanding in this area. Under these circumstances, we hope that this review article will help psychiatrists and other relevant parties in Japan to gain an accurate and scientific understanding of DBS.     

针对性护理干预对神经外科患者术后医院感染的控制效果

目的探讨针对性护理干预对神经外科患者术后医院感染的控制效果。方法选择本院神经外科手术患者367例,分为观察组（n=186）和对照组（n=181）,对照组实施常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上,采用针对性的护理干预。比较两组的医院感染发生率、低氧血症发生率及护理满意度。结果观察组医院感染发生率为5．9％,显著低于对照组的12．7％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组低氧血症发生率为9．7％,显著低于对照组的21．5％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组护理满意度为84．4％,显著高于对照组的61．3％．差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论采用针对性的护理干预,可有效降低神经外科患者术后医院感染的发生率及低氧血症发生率,提高患者的护理满意度。