EVALUATION OF IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSIS OF RHABDOMYOSARCOMA

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of regularly used immunohistochemical markers, including Vimentin (Vim), Desmin (Des), Myoglobin (MG), Myosin (MS), Smooth-muscle actin (SMA) and Sarcomeric actin ( Sr-A ) , in the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Methods After resection, 24 RMSs and other childhood tumor specimens were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin and embeded in paraffin. The immunohistochemical staining was performed by LSAB procedure. Heat-induced epitope retrieval of Des, MS, Sr-A was processed in order to enhence positive rate and positive strength. Results Vim, MG, MS, Des, Sr-A, SMA were arranged in the order of sensitivity from higher to lower. About specificity, Sr-A, Des, SMA, MG, Vim standed in a sequence from higher to lower ( the data of MS is insufficient) ; Des, MG, Sr-A possessedhigher experimental efficiency, followed by SMA, Vim in a succession. Conclusion Vim and MG are of the higher sensitivity but lower specificity. On the reverse, Sr-A and Des hoM the better specificity but lower sensitivity. So the combination of multiple antibody reactions shouM be considered to improve the diagnostic ability in poorly differentiated RMS. According to the result of experimental efficiency, we suggest that the combination of Des, MG and Sr-A can make it possible to diagnose the majority of RMS clearly.     

肝癌病人血浆和癌组织中血栓调节蛋白的检测

目的　检测肝癌病人血浆和肝癌组织中血栓调节蛋白 (TM )的表达 ,探讨TM与肝癌临床病理特征的关系。方法　用酶联免疫吸附夹心法检测 45例肝癌和 6例肝良性占位病人手术前后的血浆TM水平 ;用免疫组织化学法检测肝癌及肝良性占位组织中的TM蛋白表达水平。结果　术前肝癌组血浆TM水平 ( 10 .2± 5 .7)ng/mL明显高于肝良性占位组 ( 6.1± 2 .2 )ng/mL和正常人对照组 ( 5 .7± 1.0 )ng/mL ,P <0 .0 5 ;术前TM血浆水平肝癌伴门静脉癌栓组 ( 6.9± 4.5 )ng/mL和多发肝癌结节组 ( 8.1± 4.6)ng/mL明显低于无门静脉癌栓组( 11.4± 5 .6)ng/mL和单发肝癌结节组 ( 11.5± 5 .9)ng/mL ,P <0 .0 5 ;40例肝癌病人肝癌切除术前TM水平( 10 .8± 5 .3 )ng/mL与肝癌切除术后 ( 7.6± 4.2 )ng/mL相比差异显著 ,P <0 .0 5。肝良性占位组术前与术后相比差异无显著性 ,P >0 .0 5。肝癌组织中TM蛋白表达阳性的病人术前血浆TM水平明显高于TM表达阴性者 ,P <0 .0 5 ;而术后血浆TM水平两者则无显著性差异 ,P >0 .0 5。结论　肝癌病人血浆中TM水平升高 ,TM水平的高低与门静脉癌栓的形成有关     

电子对生物分子DNA损伤可能性的分析

目的研究电子在人体组织等效材料中形成的“簇点”能量分布情况，以及簇点的产生对生物效应发生的意义。方法针对电子与人体组织等效介质作用的物理机理，利用蒙特卡罗(MC)方法，按一个个相互作用事件(电离、激发、弹性散射、Auger电子发射)方式真实模拟电子在介质中的径迹，通过对这些事件进行统计分析，得到相关结论。结果电子在穿过介质过程中，主要以簇点(大于30％)形式沉积能量，并且80％以上的簇点中的能量沉积在50eV以上；簇点的密集程度与电子能量、簇点直径密切相关，簇点中能量沉积也取决于辐射类型和能量。结论簇点中的能量沉积是诱发组织细胞核内DNA分子各种损伤的最主要因素。     

人抵抗素基因cDNA的克隆

目的克隆人抵抗素基因(hRETN)cDNA,为进一步研究RETN的结构和功能提供实验基础.方法应用RT-PCR方法从中国人网膜脂肪垫总RNA中扩增出RETN 基因cDNA,克隆入载体pMD18-T中,形成重组载体pMD18-T/hRETN.通过蓝白斑筛选出阳性克隆,限制性内切酶酶切鉴定后对其进行测序.结果从脂肪组织总RNA中扩增得到363 bp片段hRETN基因,其cDNA序列与Genbank hRETN基因序列基本相同.结论成功地克隆中国人hRETN cDNA.     

分子吸附再循环系统对冠心病并发重度脓毒症患者心率和动脉压的影响

目的研究分子吸附再循环系统(MARS)对冠心病并发重度脓毒症患者心率和动脉压的影响.方法对2002年11月至2004年2月在ICU治疗的冠心病并发重度脓毒症患者所进行的12次床边MARS治疗有关资料进行回顾性分析和探讨.结果MARS治疗4 h后患者心率显著减慢,收缩压、舒张压和平均动脉压明显升高.结论MARS可改善MODS患者血流动力学指标.     

Smoking delays chondrogenesis in a mouse model of closed tibial fracture healing.

Smoking delays the healing process and increases morbidity associated with many common musculoskeletal disorders, including long bone fracture. In the current study, a murine model of tibial fracture healing was used to test the hypothesis that smoking delays chondrogenesis after fracture. Mice were divided into two groups, a nonsmoking control group and a group exposed to cigarette smoke for 1 month prior to surgical tibial fracture. Mice were euthanized at 7, 14, and 28 days after surgery. The outcomes measured were immunohistochemical staining for type II collagen protein expression as a marker of cartilage matrix and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining to measure proliferation at the site of injury. Toluidine blue staining and histomorphometry were used to quantify areas of cartilaginous and noncartilaginous fracture callus. Radiographs were analyzed for evidence of remodeling after injury. At day 7 after injury, mice exposed to cigarette smoke had a smaller fracture callus with less cartilage matrix compared to controls. Proliferation was present at high levels in both groups at this time point, but proliferating cells had a more immature morphology in the smoking group. At day 14, chondrogenesis was more active in smokers compared to controls, while a higher percentage of bone was present in the control animals. At day 28, X-ray analysis revealed a larger fracture callus remaining in the smoking animals. Together, these findings show that the chondrogenic phase of tibial fracture healing is delayed by smoking. This study represents, to our knowledge, the first analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms of healing in a smoking mouse fracture model.     

Standardized molecular typing of Candida albicans strains

Summary. A method is presented for the standardization of Candida albicans DNA fingerprinting, which is based on Southern hybridization of Eco RI-digested chromosomal DNA with the moderately repetitive DNA element CARE-2 and the subsequent rehybridization of the blots with a molecular size marker also included in each DNA sample. This method resulted in extremely precise alignment of all strain-specific CARE-2 hybridization patterns, even when analysed on different gels, and will enhance the accuracy of genetic relationship determinations in epidemiological studies including large numbers of strains.
Zusammenfassung. Zur Standardisierung des DNA-Fingerprinting von Candida albicans wurde eine Methode entwickelt, die auf der Southern Hybridisierung Eco RI-gespaltener chromosomaler DNA mit dem mittelrepetitiven DNA-Element CARE-2 und der darauffolgenden Rehybridisierung der Blots mit einem auch in den Proben enthaltenen molekularen Größenmarker beruht. Dies resultierte in einer äußerst präzisen Größen-bestimmung der hybridisierenden Fragmente, so daß alle stammspezifischen CARE-2-Hybridisierungsmuster exakt verglichen werden konnten, auch wenn die Isolate auf verschiedenen Gelen analysiert wurden. Die Methode erhöht die Genauigkeit der Bestimmung genetischer Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen in epidemiologischen Untersuchungen, in denen eine große Anzahl von Stämmen analysiert wird.     

Association of angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism with essential hypertension

The renin-angiotensin system is involved in control of blood pressure and salt and fluid homeostasis. Genes for components of this system have been of major focus in research on the causation of the common, complex, polygenic trait, essential hypertension (HT). Association of an A→C variant at nucleotide 1166 of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT₁R) gene with HT, but an absence of linkage of this locus with this disease, has been reported recently. Since confirmation in a different setting is imperative, we performed a cross-sectional case-control study of the A1166C variant in a well-characterized group of 108 Caucasian HT subjects with a strong family history (two affected parents) and early onset disease. Genotyping was by mismatch polymerase chain reaction/ Bfr I restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Frequency of the C¹¹⁶⁶allele was 0.40 in HTs and 0.29 in normotensives. The difference in genotype (χ²= 13, P = 0.0015) and allele (χ²= 5.3, P = 0.02) frequencies between the two groups was significant (odds ratio for CC vs AA+AC = 7.3 [95% CI, 1.9–31.9). The present results implicate the AT₁R gene, or a locus in linkage disequilibrium with the variant tested, in the causation of essential HT.     

Analysis of chromosomes in ascitic fluid cells of ovarian carcinoma

Chromosomes in 1620 metaphases of ascitic fluid cells in 20 cases of ovariancarcinoma were analyzed.The results showed that there were marked structuralaberrations aside from significant increase in chromosomal numerical aberrations(85.2%).In the ascitic fluid cells from 12 patients,15 types of marker chromosomes were found,among which t(6;14)(q21;q24)and t(2;6)(q35;p12)were more frequently noted witha rate of 7.84% and 7.59% respectively,which was significantly higher than that of othermarker chromosomes(P<0.01).The findings suggested that,besides t(6;14)(q21;q24),t(2;6)(q35;p12)may also be a specific marker chromosome of ovarian carcinoma.